Research Methods: Concepts and Connections 1st Edition Test Bank
Simplify your preparation with Research Methods: Concepts and Connections 1st Edition Test Bank, offering a detailed review of key concepts and exam strategies.
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Chapter: Chapter 1: Essay
Essay
1. The three-door problem plays an integral role in the discussion in chapter 1. Describe the
elements of this problem and explain what lessons we can learn about research from
understanding the problem and how people (both the general public and scientists) reacted to it.
2. There are at least five ways by which we acquire knowledge. Select three of these approaches.
Define each of them, and give a specific example of the approach to acquiring knowledge.
3. The approach to acquiring knowledge called “authority” has both positive and negative
aspects (or advantages and disadvantages). Describe the positive and negative aspects of
acquiring knowledge via reliance on authority.
4. What is the Molyneux problem and what lessons can we learn from it about how people
acquire knowledge of the world around us?
5. One pitfall in acquiring knowledge known to psychologists is “confirmation bias.” Define this
term and apply it to a person’s efforts to gather information as a basis for buying a new car this
year.
6. What are the four major goals of science? Define each goal and apply each one to the
following situation: The state police have asked psychologists for their help in gathering data that
will help reduce crime in a high-crime neighborhood.
Essay
1. The three-door problem plays an integral role in the discussion in chapter 1. Describe the
elements of this problem and explain what lessons we can learn about research from
understanding the problem and how people (both the general public and scientists) reacted to it.
2. There are at least five ways by which we acquire knowledge. Select three of these approaches.
Define each of them, and give a specific example of the approach to acquiring knowledge.
3. The approach to acquiring knowledge called “authority” has both positive and negative
aspects (or advantages and disadvantages). Describe the positive and negative aspects of
acquiring knowledge via reliance on authority.
4. What is the Molyneux problem and what lessons can we learn from it about how people
acquire knowledge of the world around us?
5. One pitfall in acquiring knowledge known to psychologists is “confirmation bias.” Define this
term and apply it to a person’s efforts to gather information as a basis for buying a new car this
year.
6. What are the four major goals of science? Define each goal and apply each one to the
following situation: The state police have asked psychologists for their help in gathering data that
will help reduce crime in a high-crime neighborhood.
7. There are at least three major reasons that research conducted by psychologists is a complex
task. Describe these three major reasons and give a concrete example of each of them.
8. What is the major difference between a “hypothesis” and a “theory”? Apply the two terms to
a psychologist’s efforts to understand how technology affects learning in a college environment.
9. One of the keys to acquiring knowledge is to state claims so that they meet the criterion of
falsifiability. What does this term mean? Give a specific example of a falsifiable and non-
falsifiable claim.
10. What are two reasons that operational definitions are so important to researchers? Give an
operational definition (involving at least four elements for acquiring knowledge) for each of the
following: depression, anxiety, and passion (in teaching).
11. How are applied and basic research related to one another? Give an example of each from
the following: the structure of the sleep cycles across the night in the average adult.
12. Suppose you decide that you are interested in pursuing a career in psychology, emphasizing
research. Give three ideas that would help you enhance your credentials for possible admission
to graduate school in the future.
13. Describe at least three of the critical thinking questions you might pose when faced with a
claim in the media, via friends or other sources.
task. Describe these three major reasons and give a concrete example of each of them.
8. What is the major difference between a “hypothesis” and a “theory”? Apply the two terms to
a psychologist’s efforts to understand how technology affects learning in a college environment.
9. One of the keys to acquiring knowledge is to state claims so that they meet the criterion of
falsifiability. What does this term mean? Give a specific example of a falsifiable and non-
falsifiable claim.
10. What are two reasons that operational definitions are so important to researchers? Give an
operational definition (involving at least four elements for acquiring knowledge) for each of the
following: depression, anxiety, and passion (in teaching).
11. How are applied and basic research related to one another? Give an example of each from
the following: the structure of the sleep cycles across the night in the average adult.
12. Suppose you decide that you are interested in pursuing a career in psychology, emphasizing
research. Give three ideas that would help you enhance your credentials for possible admission
to graduate school in the future.
13. Describe at least three of the critical thinking questions you might pose when faced with a
claim in the media, via friends or other sources.
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Subject
Psychology