Solution Manual For Project Management: A Managerial Approach, 8th Edition

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Chapter 1: Projects in Contemporary OrganizationsConcept Check: Section 1.11._____ are broken down into _______, which can be further broken down into _______.a.Projects, programs, tasksb.Projects, tasks, programsc.Programs, projects, tasksd.Programs, tasks, projectsAns: cSection:1.1Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.1Compare and contrast a true project, a quasi-project, and a nonproject.2.The “Triple Constraint” is alsoreferred to as “________________.”a.Triple Threatb.Iron Fistc.Triple Triangled.Iron TriangleAns: dSection1.1Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.1Compare and contrast a true project, aquasi-project, and a nonproject.3.Projectmanagementtodayis:a.anew technique invented to address complex problems.b.acomplex set of methodsinvolving multiple stakeholders.c.onlyuseful for large organizations.d.aflexible method for managinglarge or small endeavors.Ans: dSection:1.1Bloom’s:KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.1Compare and contrast a true project, a quasi-project, and a nonproject.4.What are the three primaryobjectivesof projects?a.Make money, satisfy the customer,keep employees busyb.Follow specifications, satisfy the boss, beat the competitionc.Stay within budget,within time constraints, within scoped.Be profitable, maintain reputation,avoid bad publicityAns: cSection:1.1Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.1Compare and contrast a true project, a quasi-project, and a nonproject.

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5.The two primary tasks of the Project Manager are what?a.Staying within budget and scopeb.Staying on time and within budgetc.Achieving access andimpactforthe organizationd.Managing tradeoffsand anticipating andaddressing risks to the projectAns: dSection:1.1Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.1Compare and contrast a true project, a quasi-project, and a nonproject.6.A universal characteristicof all projects isthat projectsare:a.over budget.b.short on time.c.unique.d.difficult.Ans:cSection1.1Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.1Compare and contrast a true project, a quasi-project, and a nonproject.7.What isa “quasi-project”?a.A project with variable outcomesmatrixb.Asituation in which all of the three primary project objectives are ill-definedc.Quick,uncomplicated, active service initiativesd.Recently addedactivity-reporting matrixAns: bSection:1.1Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB:Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.1Compare and contrast a true project, a quasi-project, and a nonproject.Concept Check: Section 1.21.Most of the credit for developing project management techniques belongs to:a.the military.b.project managersworldwide.c.large multinational organizations in the US.d.theProject Management Institute.Ans:aSection: Section1.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:1.2Discuss theadvantages and disadvantages of project management.

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2.Actual experience withproject managementindicates that _________ organizations using itclaim toexperience better customer relations and increase in their ROI.a.very fewb.about 50 percent ofc.all ofthed.amajority ofAns:dSection:1.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.2Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of project management.3.A common negative aspect of implementing PM is:a.declining profits.b.increased conflictwithin the organization.c.greater organizational complexity.d.problems withindustry partners.Ans: cSection:1.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.2Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of project management.4.Project management is __________.a.easy when things go wellb.difficult even when everything goes wellc.easy because of the processes that can be implementedd.sometimes difficult due tohelp we can get from project managersAns: bSection:1.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.2Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of project management.5. As of 2017, PMI has approximately ____________ members.a. 30,000b. 450,000c. 725,000d. 1,000,000Ans: bSection:1.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.2Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of project management.

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6. As of 2017, there are ___________ PMI certifications.a. 2b. 6c. 8.d. 12Ans: bSection:1.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.2Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of project management.7.One well-knowneffortto improve project managementis the creation of a formal______inmany organizations,which is responsible for the evaluation and improvement of an organization’sprojectmanagement “maturity,” or skill andexperience in managing projects.a. project management officeb. program management officec. project management consortiumd. Chief Project Manager positionAns: aSection:1.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 1.2Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of project management.Concept Check: Section: 1.31. The “_______________” pattern of slow-rapid-slow progress toward the project goal iscommon.a. increasingly demandingb.up-down-upc. curvedd. stretched-SAns:dSection:1.3Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:1.3 Recognize the varieties of project life cycles.2.Project managementhas resulted inanoverall____.a.decline in the use of traditional hierarchical management.b.increase in Process ImprovementPrograms.c.growth of US industrial output.d.popularity of MBA programs.Ans:aSection:1.3Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficultyLevel: EasyAACSB: Reflective Thinking

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Learning Objective:1.3 Recognize the varieties of project life cycles.3. The largest amount of effort applied to a project is during the ________ phase.a.conceptionb.planning, scheduling, monitoring, and controlc.selectiond.evaluation and terminationAns: bSection:1.3Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:1.3 Recognize the varieties of project life cycles.4. __________ decreases as the project moves toward completion.a. Salary expenseb. Budgetc. Uncertaintyd. UniquenessAns:cSection:1.3Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:1.3 Recognize the varieties of project life cycles.Concept Check: Section: 1.41.One of the major factors in determining the success of a project is having a clear set of _____.a. goalsb.hierarchical connectionsc.project managersd.needsAns: aSection:1.4Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:1.4 Recognizethe phases of a project.2.Even though the project is complete and delivered to the user/customer, it is still important to___.a. plan for a revised projectb. plan for program adjustmentsc. understand user requirementsd. realize the full benefits from the project’s outputs and tasks involved with this effort.Ans:dSection:1.4Bloom’s: Knowledge

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Difficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:1.4 Recognizethe phases of a project.

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File: ch02; Chapter 2: Strategic Management and Project SelectionConcept Check Questions (based on “Practice Quizzes”)[By nature, all questions are coded asDifficulty: EasyandAACSB: Reflective Thinking]Learning Objectives:2.1Explainhow to evaluate the project management maturity of an organization.2.2Discussthe criteria for choosing projects.2.3Identify the basis for choosing types of projects.2.4Discuss the importance and dangers of risk in projects and ways to reduce therisk.2.5Explain how to employ, use, and evaluate project portfolio management.Concept Check: Section2.11.Common problems in managingprojectsinclude which of the following?a.Makingprofitsb.Followingspecificationsc.Satisfying customersd.Stayingwithin budget,within time constraints,andwithin scopeAns: dSection: IntroductionBloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.1 Explain how to evaluate the project management maturity of anorganization.2.Aproject begins with a _______being presented to afunding entity. This document typicallyincludes monetary cost and benefit elements as wellas nonmonetary factors such as thestrategic justification for the project, expected behavioralimpacts, increases in efficiency, serviceimprovements, competitiveness effects, and so on.a.project charterb.business casec.project descriptiond.portfolioAns: bSection: 2.1Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.2Discussthe criteria for choosing projects.3. It is recommended for an organization to have a ______ that is charged with improving the“maturity” or overall effectiveness of the organization’s project managementprocesses.a.Coordinating Project Officeb.Central Project Officec.Project Management Officed.Portfolio OfficeAns: cSection: 2.1Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: Easy

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AACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.2 Discuss thecriteria for choosing projects.Concept Check: Section2.21.Firms usually have two or more projects,and this collection of projects is referred to as _____.a.a portfoliob.initiationc.a programd.a stochastic modelAns: aSection:2.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.2 Discuss the criteria for choosing projects.2.What is the Sacred Cow model?a.Upper management’s favoritemodelb.Secret of the companyc.Mostfocused onorganization goalsd.Expected to be “profitably milked” for a long timeAns:aSection:2.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.3Identify the basis for choosing types ofprojects.3.Which of the following project selection models focuses strongly on the long-term success ofthe firm?a.The US militarymodelb.Productline extensionc.Competitivenecessityd.SustainabilitymodelAns:dSection:2.2Bloom’s:KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.3Identify the basis for choosing types of projects.4.Numeric project selection models generally focus on:a.keepingthe workforce numbers stable.b.profitsandprofitability.c.managementsalary stability.d.maintainingstock priceandROI.Ans:b

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Section:2.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.3Identify the basis for choosing types ofprojects.5.The Weighted Factor Scoring Model has the advantage of:a.Simplicity.b.Increased attention to relative importance of each selection criterion.c.Greater worldwide acceptanced.Ease of calculation.Ans: bSection:2.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.3Identify the basis for choosing types of projects.6.Risk is generally believed to focus on profits, but:a. very fewprojects fail financially.b. about 50 percent ofprojects fail financially.c. risk in projects is primarily focused on timely completion.d. uncertainty plagues all aspects of the work and is present in all stages of PM.Ans: dSection:2.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.4 Discuss the importance and dangers of risk in projects and ways toreduce the risk.7.Realoptionsseek to reduce which of the following risks in projects?a.Politicalb.Environmentalc.Technologicald.InherentAns: cSection:2.2Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.4 Discuss the importance and dangers of risk in projects and ways toreduce the risk.8.Indeed, effectively executing the PM’sprimary role ofmanaging trade-offs requires that the PMmake trade-offs in a way that best supportsthe _______.a.organization’s overall budget

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b.change management systemc.PM’s career interestsd.organization’s overall strategyAns: dSection: 2.2Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.4 Discuss the importance and dangers of risk in projects and ways toreduce the risk.9.There are two basic types of project selection models,____________________.a.numeric and nonnumericb.numeric and randomc.binary and continuousd.quantitative and criteria-basedAns: aSection: 2.2Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.2Discuss the criteria for choosing projects.10. In this type of project selection, a proposed project would bejudged on the degree to which itfits the firm’s existing product line, fillsa gap, strengthens a weak link, or extends the line in anew, desirable direction.a.Comparativebenefit modelb.Productline extensionc.Competitivenecessityd.OperatingnecessityAns: bSection: 2.2Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.2Discuss the criteria for choosing projects.11.Through a financial______,an organization or individual acquires the right to do somethingbut is not required to exercise that right.a.optionb.gainc.considerationd.institution

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Ans: aSection: 2.2Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.2 Discuss the criteria for choosing projects.12.With the ______ approach model, enough funds are allocated to the project todetermine ifthe initial assumptions concerning costs, benefits, etc. were accurate. Whenthe funds are gone,the assumptions are reevaluated to determine what to do next.a.scoringb.window-of-opportunityc.discovery-driven planningd.criteria-basedAns: cSection: 2.2Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.2 Discuss the criteria for choosing projects.Concept Check: Section 2.31.EffectiveProjectPortfolio Management attempts to link theorganization’sprojects________________________.a.exclusively to the budgetb.tothe human resource constraintsc.directly to the goals and strategy of the organizationd.directly to the corporate cultureAns: cSection:2.3Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective:2.5 Explain how to employ, use, and evaluate project portfolio management.2.The main purpose of the________is to establish and articulate astrategic directionfor thoseprojects spanning internal or external boundaries of the organization, such ascross-departmentalor joint venture.a.project councilb.project managerc.portfolio councild.portfolio managerAns: aSection:2.3

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Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 2.5 Explainhow to employ, use, and evaluate project portfolio management.

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File: ch03;Chapter3:TheProjectManagerConcept Check Questions (based on “Practice Quizzes”)[By nature, all questions are coded asDifficulty: EasyandAACSB: Reflective Thinking]Learning Objectives:3.1Compare and contrast the many roles and responsibilities of project managers.3.2Examine special demands on theproject manager.3.3Identify the attributes of effective project managers.3.4Discuss the challenges of cultural differences and how to overcome them as a projectmanager.Concept Check: Section 3.11.Which of the following is themostimportant for success of the project?a.The Project Managerhas support oftop managementb.Sufficient financial resourcesc.A competent teamd.Goodworking environmentAns:aSection:3.1Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 3.1Compare and contrast the many roles and responsibilities of projectmanagers.2.Successful Project Managers (PMs)must havewhich of the followingskills?a.Followingspecificationsb. Satisfying customersc. Good negotiation skillsd.Stayingwithin budget,withintime constraints,andwithin scopeAns: dSection:3.1Bloom’s: KnowledgeDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 3.1Compare and contrast the many roles and responsibilities of projectmanagers.3.As compared to the functional manager, the project managershould moreoften use whatapproach to solving problems?a.An analyticalapproachb. His or her positional powerc.A systems approachd. A departmental approachAns:cSection:3.1Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective Thinking

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Learning Objective: 3.1Compare and contrast the many roles and responsibilities of projectmanagers.4.Under normal business conditions, when the functional manager takes over control ofimportant details of the project, this is_________________________.a.beneficial for project successb.micromanagement,andusuallynot beneficialc.ensuring goodresultsd.guaranteeing theplansAns:bSection:3.1Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: ReflectiveThinkingLearning Objective: 3.1Compare and contrast the many roles and responsibilities of projectmanagers.5.Senior managers must be informed of potential problems and the PM must:a.never allow senior management to be surprised.b.hold dailyteam meetings.c.consult with upper management regarding daily operations.d.present a positive report on project progress.Ans:aSection:3.1Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 3.1Compare and contrast the many roles and responsibilities of projectmanagers.6. Project manager’s responsibilities are broad and fall into three separate areas. Which of thefollowingliststhe correct areas?a.Tothe parent organization, to the project and the client, to the members of the projectteamb.Tothe parent organization, to the project and the client, to the board membersc.Tothe parent organization, to the client, to the board membersd.Tothe partner organization, to the project and the client, to the members of the projectteamAns:aSection: 3.1Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective: 3.1Compare and contrast the many roles and responsibilities of projectmanagers.

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Concept Check: Section 3.21.What should a PM do to ensure adequate resources are available for project success?a.Be good friends withuppermanagementb.Make dealswith other PMs for exchanging resourcesc.Be ready to negotiate resource tradeoffs, such as subcontracting, if necessaryd.Request an extension of the project due dateAns: cSection:3.2Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB:Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective 3.2Examine special demandson theproject manager.2.Acquiring andfocusingpersonnel for work on the Project Team (PT) isgenerally difficultbecause of:a.the high visibility of theproject.b.lazyworkers.c.lack of top management commitment to theproject.d.team members’dual responsibility totheprojectand theirfunctional departments.Ans:dSection:3.2Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective 3.2Examine special demandson theproject manager.3.Which of the following choices represent the best mix of skills and attributes forProject TeamMembers (PTMs)?a.High technical skills, problem-solving ability, political sensitivity,goal orientation,highself-esteemb.High technical skills, willingness to take orders from PM, self-controlc.Problem-solving ability, technical skills, modest opinion of selfd.Ability to take orders, good workhabits, individual contributorAns:aSection:3.2Bloom’s: ComprehensionDifficulty Level: EasyAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Objective 3.2Examine special demandson theproject manager.4.Effective,longtimeProject Managers expect which of the following regarding theirProjectTeams(PTs)?a.From the start,thePT will be in harmony andwork together to finish on timeb.InitialPTconflict, then cohesivenessandteamwork,andfinally disbandingwhen project iscompletec.Consistent good attitudes and hard work toward project goals,with successful on-timefinish

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