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Statistical Methods in Medical Research: Survival Analysis and Clinical Trial Evaluation

This document discusses statistical methods used in medical research, particularly survival analysis and clinical trial evaluation techniques.

Benjamin Fisher
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HLTH 501Page1of7Statistical Methods in Medical Research: Survival Analysisand Clinical Trial EvaluationWEEK8PROBLEMS—30POINTS15 points each. Place answers within the Word document below.1. A study is conducted to estimate survival in patients followingkidney transplant. Key factors thatadversely affect success of the transplant include advanced age and diabetes. This study involves 25participants who are 65 years of age and older and all have diabetes. Following transplant, eachparticipant is followed for up to 10 years. The following are times to death, in years, or the time to lastcontact (at which time the participant was known to be alive).Deaths:1.2, 2.5, 4.3, 5.6, 6.7, 7.3 and 8.1 yearsAlive:3.4, 4.1, 4.2, 5.7, 5.9, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 7.3, 8.2, 8.6, 8.9, 9.4, 9.5, 10, 10, 10, and10 yearsUse the life table approach to estimate the survival function. Use years intervals of0–2; 2–4;Complete the table below.IntervalinYearsNumberAt RiskDuringInterval,NtAverageNumber AtRiskDuringInterval,Nt*=Nt-Ct/2Number ofDeathsDuringInterval,DtLost toFollow-Up,CtProportionDyingqt= Dt/Nt*ProportionSurvivingpt = 1-qtSurvivalProbabilitySt= pt*St-10–22525100.040.960.962–42423.5100.04255310.95744680.9191489364–62322.5200.088888880.911111110.8374468096–82120200.10.90.7537021288–101918100.055555550.944444440.711829787Use the Kaplan-Meier approach to estimate the survival function.Complete the table belowTime, YearsNumber at RiskNtNumber of DeathsDtNumber CensoredCtSurvival ProbabilitySt+1= St*((Nt-Dt)/Nt)0250011.225100.962.524100.923.423010.92

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HLTH 501Page2of74.122010.924.221010.924.320100.8745.619100.8285.718010.8285.917010.8286.316010.8286.415010.8286.514010.8286.713100.7643076927.312110.7006153858.111100.6369230778.29010.6369230778.68010.6369230778.97010.6369230779.46010.6369230779.55010.636923077104040.636923077
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