Test Bank For Prehospital Emergency Care, 9th Edition

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H a n d o u t 1 - 1Student’s NameCHAPTER1 QUIZWrite the letter of the best answer in the space provided.__________1.The first priority of the EMT on the emergency scene is toA.manage a hostile crowd.B.secure the patient.C.ensure personal safety.D.provide a situation update to dispatch.__________2.An EMT is operating as a designated agent of theA.EMT-Intermediate.C.medical director.B.ED nurse.D.shift commander.__________3.The _____ is legally responsible for the clinical and patient-care aspects of an EMSsystem.A.paramedicC.Advanced EMTB.shift commanderD.medical director__________4.The first concern of an EMT always must be _____ safety.A.patientC.vehicleB.bystanderD.personal__________5.A policy set by an EMS medical director that allows EMTs to administer glucose topatients in certain circumstances without speaking to the physician is an example of a(n)A.direct order.C.standing order.B.on-line order.D.QI order.__________6.An order from an EMS system’s on-duty physician given by radio or phone is anexample ofA.off-line medical control.C.designated direction.B.on-line medical direction.D.standing orders.__________7.The level of EMS that involves medical training for those who are usually first on thescene of an emergency isA.Emergency Medical Responder.C.Advanced EMT.B.EMT.D.Paramedic.__________8.Most EMT courses today are based on models developed by theA.AHA.C.DOT.B.ARC.D.NST.__________9.The system of internal and external reviews and audits for all aspects of an emergencymedical system is known asA.quality improvement.C.EMDs.B.protocols.D.standing ORs.__________10.The aspect of the EMT’s job that involves protecting the patient’s rights isA.assessment.C.advocacy.B.transfer.D.protocol.C H A P T E R1Emergency Medical Care Systems, Research, and Public HealthPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.

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IN THEFIELDReview the following real-life situation. Then answer the questions that follow.You and an EMT partner are assigned to EMS Unit 5 one morning in September. At 1035, the emergencydispatcher directs you to an accident on Mesa Drive. A woman driving her car along that road called 911on her cell phone to report that the car ahead of her had swerved to avoid a dog, gone off the road, plungedinto a ditch, and hit a tree.Your unit pulls up at the scene 6 minutes later. As you don your personal protective equipment, you notethat a county sheriff’s car is already on-scene. A deputy is kneeling beside a male in his early 20s who islying on the ground. Even from the top of the ditch, you can see that the young man’s shirt and pants areblood soaked. The deputy is applying direct pressure to the patient’s right wrist. As you approach, thedeputy tells you that after the crash, the patient, who had been wearing a seat belt, did not believe himselfinjured. However, before the deputy arrived, the patient attempted to get out of the car. In doing so, hesliced his wrist on jagged metal.Your partner takes over holding direct pressure to the wound. Meanwhile, you introduce yourself to thepatient as you begin your assessment of his condition. The patient seems anxious and restless; as you assesshim, you talk to him, explaining what you are doing, and try to calm him.Because of the circumstances of the accident, you are especially alert during the assessment to thepossibility that the patient may have received internal and/or spinal injuries. In fact, you determinethat the patient is showing signs and symptoms of internal bleeding and shock (hypoperfusion). Shockis a life-threatening condition, so you decide that he needs immediate transport to the hospital, some20 minutes away.You have provided the patient with high concentration oxygen. Now, as you prepare him for transport,you ask the police officer to call in a request for a rendezvous with Paramedics of the advanced life support(ALS) unit. When he has done so, he joins you and your partner in moving the patient, now immobilizedto a long spine board, to the ambulance. You remain with the patient, holding direct pressure on the wristwound, while your partner drives. You also monitor the patient’s airway, breathing, and circulation and re-assess his vital signs.Seven minutes later, you meet the paramedics of the ALS unit at the parking lot of a farm produce stand.You provide the paramedics with a concise report of the patient’s condition and your interventions. Theparamedics assume care of the patient. They contact medical direction and report on their findings andexpected time of arrival at the hospital as transport continues.At 1105, the ambulance reaches County General Hospital. The emergency room staff is briefed on thepatient’s status and vital signs and on the care he has received. The hospital crew takes over, and wheels thepatient off to surgery.1.Which components of the EMS system were involved in this scenario?2.What roles and responsibilities of an EMT were demonstrated in this scenario?Prehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.H a n d o u t 1 - 2Student’s NameC H A P T E R1Emergency Medical Care Systems, Research, and Public Health

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CHAPTER1 REVIEWWrite the word or words that best complete each sentence in the space provided.1.The modern emergency medical services (EMS) system began in the______________________________.2.The National Highway Safety Act charged the United States ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________ with developing an EMS system.3.The emergency medical treatment given by EMTs to patients before they are transported to afacility is called ______________________________ ______________________________.4.The type of facility that provides specialized treatment for injuries that exceed normal hospitalemergency department capabilities is a(n) ____________________________________________________________.5.The system of answering emergency telephone calls that uses specially trained EMS personnel whoobtain information about emergency situations from callers and also provide instructions for emer-gency care to callers is ______________________________ ____________________________________________________________.6.The 911 telephone number used to access emergency services in many parts of the nation is oftenreferred to as the ______________________________ ______________________________.7.A(n) ______________________________ ______________________________ is a basic-level EMS providerwho has passed specific additional training programs and is authorized to provide some level of ad-vanced life support such as intravenous therapy and advanced defibrillation.8.The system of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an emergency medical systemis known as ______________________________ ______________________________.9.Standing orders that allow EMTs to give certain medications or perform certain procedures withoutspeaking directly to a physician are examples of ____________________________________________________________ medical direction.10.An EMT has responsibility for a patient until the ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________ to hospital personnel has beenproperly completed.C H A P T E R1Emergency Medical Care Systems, Research, and Public HealthPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.H a n d o u t 1 - 3Student’s Name

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EMT: LISTING1.List five of the categories in which the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration TechnicalAssistance Program sets standards for EMS systems.2.List three types of specialty hospitals.3.List three responsibilities of emergency medical dispatchers.Prehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.H a n d o u t 1 - 4Student’s Name(continued)C H A P T E R1Emergency Medical Care Systems, Research, and Public Health

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4.List the four general levels of EMS training and certification.5.List at least four responsibilities of the EMT.C H A P T E R1Emergency Medical Care Systems, Research, and Public HealthPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.H a n d o u t 1 - 4(continued)

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EMT: TRUE ORFALSEIndicate if the following statements are true or false by writing T or F in the space provided.__________1.As an EMT, your authority to give medications and provide emergency care is anextension of the medical director’s license to practice medicine.__________2.As an EMT, you will be one of the many persons and professionals that come together toform an EMS system.__________3.Trauma centers are not yet considered “specialty” hospitals.__________4.Certification as an EMT requires only that a person successfully complete the DOTEMT-National Standard Training Program.__________5.Keeping yourself safe is your second priority after patient safety when providingmedical care.__________6.The care an individual patient requires may range from simple emotional support tolife-saving CPR.__________7.You must never abandon care of the patient at the hospital until transfer to hospitalpersonnel has been properly completed.__________8.Good personality traits are really not very important to the EMT.__________9.Good quality continuing education can often take the place of an original EMTtraining course.__________10.Quality improvement is designed and performed to ensure that the public receives thehighest quality prehospital care.__________11.The EMT has no direct role in the quality improvement process.__________12.Striving for quality in the care you personally give to patients and as a collective part ofan ambulance squad is to uphold the highest standards of the EMS system.Prehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.H a n d o u t 1 - 5Student’s NameC H A P T E R1Emergency Medical Care Systems, Research, and Public Health

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C H A P T E R1Emergency Medical Care Systems, Research, and Public HealthPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.CHAPTER 1 ANSWER KEYHANDOUT 1-1:Chapter 1 Quiz1.C4.D7.A9.A2.C5.C8.C10.C3.D6.BHANDOUT 1-2:In the Field1.The emergency dispatcher; an emergency medicalresponder (the deputy); the EMT on Unit 5; theparamedics from the ALS unit; the emergency roompersonnel at the hospital2.Personal safety; safety of patient; patient assessment;patient care; lifting and moving; transport; transferof careHANDOUT 1-3:Chapter 1 Review1.1960s2.Department of Transportation3.prehospital care4.trauma center5.emergency medical dispatching6.universal number7.Advanced EMT8.quality improvement9.off-line10.transfer of careHANDOUT 1-4:EMT: Listing1.Any five: Regulation and Policy, ResourceManagement, Human Resources and Training,Transportation, Facilities, Communications, PublicInformation and Education, Medical Direction,Trauma Systems, Evaluation.2.Any three: trauma centers, burn centers, pediatriccenters, poison centers, stroke centers.3.To obtain appropriate information from callers; tofacilitate dispatch of emergency services; to providemedical instructions for emergency care.4.Emergency medical responder, EMT, AdvancedEMT, Paramedic.5.Responsibilities include preparation for response, saferesponse, safe transportation, patient assessment,patient care, proper transfer of the patient to hospitalpersonnel for continuity of care.HANDOUT 1-5:EMT: True or False1.T4.F7.T10.T2.T5.F8.F11.F3.F6.T9.F12.T

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C H A P T E R2Workforce Safety and Wellness of the EMTPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.CHAPTER2 QUIZWrite the letter of the best answer in the space provided.__________1.The stage of the dying process that can be characterized by the words “Why me?” isA.denial.C.anger.B.acceptance.D.depression.__________2.A type of emergency call likely to produce extreme levels of stress is one involvingA.a patient with a communicable disease.B.injury or death of a coworker.C.a geriatric patient.D.narcotics.__________3.The goal of the CISD is toA.assign blame for the incident.B.assist patients in their recovery.C.assist emergency care workers in dealing with stress.D.allocate funds for ambulance services.__________4.A less structured version of the CISD, which may be held from 1 to 4 hours after anincident and before the formal debriefing, is called a(n)A.resolution.C.escape mechanism.B.defusing.D.R&R process.__________5.The stage of grieving in which a patient seeks to postpone death, even for a short time, isA.anger.C.acceptance.B.bargaining.D.denial.__________6.Organisms that cause infection, such as viruses and bacteria, areA.toxins.C.venoms.B.pathogens.D.poisons.__________7.The standard that assumes all blood and body fluids are infectious and requiresemergency personnel to follow strict procedures to protect themselves from them isreferred to asA.infective body fluid measures.B.isolated infection controls.C.preventive control substance standards.D.body substance isolation.__________8.Gloves, masks, and gowns are examples ofA.turnout gear.B.optional field equipment.C.personal protective equipment.D.“red bag” gear.__________9.If a patient is suspected of having tuberculosis, an EMT should wear a _____ respirator.A.PPDC.HEPAB.CISDD.BSIH a n d o u t 2 - 1Student’s Name(continued)

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C H A P T E R2Workforce Safety and Wellness of the EMTPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.__________10.Lifestyle changes that can help an EMT deal with stress include all of the followingexceptA.cut down on sugar, fat, and caffeine.B.avoid exercise in your daily routine.C.avoid self-medication.D.keep balance in your life.__________11.Which of the following materials isnotrecommended for gloves to be used when there isthe potential for contact with blood and other body fluids?A.latexC.cottonB.vinylD.synthetics__________12.Equipment used as a BSI precaution includes all of the followingexceptA.a HEPA respirator.C.cotton scrub pants.B.vinyl gloves.D.goggles.__________13.The process by which an object is subject to a chemical or physical substance that kills allmicroorganisms on the surface isA.sterilization.C.disinfection.B.OR cleaning.D.scouring.__________14.A situation that would usually call for the use of a gown as protection would be oneinvolving aA.drug-overdose patient.C.suspected TB patient.B.childbirth.D.patient with a fractured leg.__________15.Dispose of all needles immediately after use in a(n)A.“green bag.”C.“OSHA jar.”B.“HAZMAT box.”D.“sharps container.”__________16.The single most important way an EMT can prevent the spread of infection isA.up-to-date immunizations.C.wearing a jumpsuit.B.hand washing.D.using a mask.__________17.In general, before entering a hazardous materials scene, EMTs shouldA.call for an ambulance.C.put on a mask.B.put on goggles.D.call for a specialized HAZMAT team.__________18.The test that can detect exposure to tuberculosis is the _____ test.A.PSAC.SATB.MantouxD.Rubella__________19.If you suspect the potential for violence at a scene, before entering it, you shouldA.call law enforcement.C.put on body armor.B.turn on all lights and sirens.D.approach on foot.__________20.Vehicles, structures, and storage containers holding hazardous materials should beidentified byA.signs or placards.C.reflectors.B.strobe lights.D.warning flags.H a n d o u t 2 - 1(continued)

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C H A P T E R2Workforce Safety and Wellness of the EMTPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.IN THEFIELDReview the following real-life situation. Then answer the questions that follow.You and your partner are dispatched to the scene of a motor vehicle collision. As you approach the scene,you note that a large tanker truck has overturned in the middle of the road. The truck’s driver is trappedin the cab. You are also informed by dispatch that a bystander has reported that the truck has placards dis-played on its exterior.1.What should you do at this point?2.If you determine that the truck carries hazardous materials, what should you do next?H a n d o u t 2 - 2Student’s Name

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C H A P T E R2Workforce Safety and Wellness of the EMTPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.H a n d o u t 2 - 3Student’s NameCHAPTER2 REVIEWWrite the word or words that best complete each sentence in the space provided.1.Dying patients experience five emotional stages—denial, anger, ______________________________,______________________________, and ______________________________.2.A(n) ______________________________-____________________________________________________________ is a single incident in which there are multiple patients.3.Chronic ______________________________ brought about by work-related problems in an emotionallycharged environment can lead to burnout.4.______________________________ ______________________________, which include deep-breathingexercises and meditation, are valuable stress reducers.5.Held within 24 to 72 hours of a critical incident, a(n) ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ is aprocess in which a team of trained peer counselors and mental health professionals meet withrescuers and health care providers who have been involved in the incident.6.The state of emotional exhaustion and irritability that can markedly decrease an EMT’s effectivenessin delivering medical care is called ______________________________.7.According to the U.S. Public Health Service, most contaminants can be removed from the skin with______________________________ to ______________________________ seconds of vigorous______________________________ ______________________________.8.Airborne ______________________________ are spread by tiny droplets sprayed during breathing,coughing, or sneezing.9.The strict form of infection control for emergency personnel is known as______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________.10.In addition to eye protection, gloves, and a mask, another item of personal protective equipmentthat should be worn when there may be significant contact with blood or other body fluids is a(n)______________________________.11.As an advance safety precaution, an EMT should have a ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________ test for TB every year.(continued)

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C H A P T E R2Workforce Safety and Wellness of the EMTPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.12.The level of cleaning for items such as backboards and cervical collars, which come in contact withthe intact skin of patients, is ______________________________.13.EMS personnel treating a patient suspected of having TB should use a(n)______________________________ respirator.14.Before entering scenes involving domestic disputes, gang fights, or bar fights, an EMT should first______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________.15.When approaching a wrecked vehicle that may be carrying hazardous materials, use binoculars to tryto find ______________________________ or ______________________________ that can identify thematerial as hazardous.H a n d o u t 2 - 3(continued)

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C H A P T E R2Workforce Safety and Wellness of the EMTPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.H a n d o u t 2 - 4Student’s NameWELL-BEINGBASICS: LISTING1.List at least five signs and/or symptoms of stress.2.List four types of calls that have a higher-than-normal potential for causing stress in EMS personnel.3.List and define five emotional stages a dying patient may go through.4.List the basic types of personal protective equipment that EMTs can be expected to use ona regular basis.

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C H A P T E R2Workforce Safety and Wellness of the EMTPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.WELL-BEINGBASICS: TRUE ORFALSEIndicate if the following statements are true or false by writing T or F in the space provided.__________1.Emergencies are rarely stressful.__________2.All seriously ill patients pass through a five-stage grieving process.__________3.The main purpose of a CISD is to affix responsibility for the events that took placeduring an incident.__________4.If a CISD is thorough, follow-up is not essential.__________5.Keeping yourself safe is your first priority when providing medical care as an EMT.__________6.Diseases are caused by pathogens, which may be spread through the air or by contactwith blood and/or body fluids.__________7.In the practice of prehospital emergency care, all body fluids must be consideredinfectious.__________8.It is imperative that the EMT changes gloves between every patient contact.__________9.Because EMTs wear protective gloves while with patients, hand washing is not essentialimmediately after each call.__________10.A HEPA or N-95 respirator should be worn after contact with an HIV-positive patient.__________11.In some jurisdictions, when a patient is suspected of having an infection spread bydroplets, a surgical-type mask may be placed on the patient if he or she is alert andcooperative.__________12.An EMT called to a scene of suspected violence should treat any life-threateningemergencies before calling law enforcement.__________13.A copy of theEmergency Response Guidebookshould be on board every emergencyvehicle.__________14.An EMT exposed to bloodborne pathogens should seek medical attention within4 weeks after the exposure.__________15.An EMT should make preservation of evidence at a crime scene the highest priority.H a n d o u t 2 - 5Student’s Name

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C H A P T E R2Workforce Safety and Wellness of the EMTPrehospital Emergency Care,9th Ed.HANDOUT 2-1:Chapter 2 Quiz1.C6.B11.C16.B2.B7.D12.C17.D3.C8.C13.A18.B4.B9.C14.B19.A5.B10.B15.D20.AHANDOUT 2-2:In the Field1.Before approaching the truck, you should, from asafe distance, use binoculars to try to identify theplacards on the truck. Check in the DOT’sEmergency Response Guidebookto see what theplacards indicate.2.If the placards indicate the truck carries hazardousmaterials, call for assistance from appropriatespecialized teams before attempting to assist thedriver. Provide basic emergency care only after thescene is secured and patient contamination is limited.Follow your local protocols in regard to protectiveclothing.HANDOUT 2-3:Chapter 2 Review1.bargaining, depression, acceptance2.multiple-casualty incident3.stress4.Relaxation techniques5.critical incident stress debriefing6.burnout7.10, 15, hand washing8.pathogens9.body substance isolation10.gown11.Purified Protein Derivative (PPD)12.disinfection13.HEPA (or N-95)14.call law enforcement15.placards, signsCHAPTER 2 ANSWER KEYHANDOUT 2-4:Well-Being Basics: Listing1.Any five: irritability with family, friends, orcoworkers; inability to concentrate; difficulty insleeping; nightmares; loss of appetite; loss of interestin sexual activity; anxiety; indecisiveness; guilt;isolation; loss of interest in work.2.Any four: multiple-casualty incidents; calls involvinginfants or children; severe injuries; abuse and neglect;death of a coworker.3.Denial (“Not me.”); anger (“Why me?”); bargaining(“OK, but first let me . . .”); depression (OK, but Ihaven’t . . .”); acceptance (“OK, I’m not afraid.”).4.Protective eyewear (safety glasses, goggles, sideshields); gloves; gown; mask (surgical type for bloodor other body fluids, HEPA or N-95 respirator forpatient with suspected TB).HANDOUT 2-5:Well-Being Basics: True or False1.F5.T9.F13.T2.F6.T10.F14.F3.F7.T11.T15.F4.F8.T12.F

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