Understanding Latent Heat And Phase Transitions: The Transformation Of Water From Ice To Steam

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Understanding Latent Heat and Phase Transitions: The Transformation of Waterfrom Ice to Steam1. Explain why there is a time lag when changing from one phase to another. Example:water changing into steamWhen a substance is being heated up orcooled down to change from one phase to another,such as water changing into steam, a great deal of energy is needed for two processes, thelatent heat curve and the heat capacity curve. Latent heat is the heat, or thermal energy,that goes into a substance but doesn’t affect the temperature of the substance. During thistime, the water for example is at a constant 100 degrees C and slowly changing into steam.However the reason there is a time lag when water changes into steam is because it takeswater time to heat up to 100 degrees C, and during this time water is moving up the heatcapacity curve, or the heat is interpreted as specific heat, given by Q = m c T (Giancoli,2008, pg. 502).Most of the time, or most of the heat, is given to the latent heat, more than 5 timesmore heat in terms of changing water to steam. Therefore it makes it seem like the shorterprocess is actually heating up the water, and this heating up of the water is what the timelag can be attributed to. In order for water to change into steam, it must be at the correcttemperature, 100 degrees C, the correct temperature where the water molecules are able togain the energy to escape each others Hydrogen bonds, which are extremely strong(Chaplin).2. Describe the phenomenon of latent heat with respect to the process of heating a block ofice to eventually create steam.Latent heat is the heat, or thermal energy, that goes into a substance which doesn’t affectthe temperature of the substance. Latent heat takes into effect two time when ice is turnedinto steam, once for each phase change. When ice changes into water, the latent heat iscalled the heat of fusion, and water is slowly turned into ice molecule by molecule. Theprocess when water is turned into steam requires the heat of vaporization, which happensafter water reaches its boiling point of 100 degrees C. The latent heat of a substance suchas water only depends on its mass, Q = m L, where L is the different specific heats, such asheat of fusion and heat of vaporization.It is important to note that the vast amount of time when a substance is given aconstant rate of heat is spent in the latent heat phase, where the substance is water andsteam, not a single phase. This is because it takes a great deal of energy for molecules ofwater to gain enough energy to become released from each others Hydrogen bonds(breaking bonds mean an endothermal process). It takes around 540 kcal of heat to bring1.0 kg of water from water to steam, while it only takes around 100 kcal of heat to increasewater’s temperature from 0 to 100 degrees C (Giancoli, 2008, pg. 502).Works Cited

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