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Edexcel Biology GCSE - Cellular Respiration and Transport Part 1
This deck covers key definitions and concepts related to cellular respiration and transport, including the circulatory system, respiratory system, and immune system components.
active transport definition
The transport of molecules against their concentration gradient from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
active transport definition
The transport of molecules against their concentration gradient from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration.
aerobic respiration definition
Respiration that requires oxygen.
aveoli definition
Tiny air sacs in the lungs, where gas is exchanged during breathing.
anaerobic definition
Without oxygen.
antibody definition
A protein produced by the immune system in humans (and other animals) that attacks foreign organisms (antigens) that get into the body.
aorta definition
Main artery which carries oxygenated blood from the heart in mammals.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
active transport definition | The transport of molecules against their concentration gradient from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration. |
aerobic respiration definition | Respiration that requires oxygen. |
aveoli definition | Tiny air sacs in the lungs, where gas is exchanged during breathing. |
anaerobic definition | Without oxygen. |
antibody definition | A protein produced by the immune system in humans (and other animals) that attacks foreign organisms (antigens) that get into the body. |
aorta definition | Main artery which carries oxygenated blood from the heart in mammals. |
arteries definition | Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. |
atria definition | Upper chambers of the heart which receive blood from veins (singular - atrium). |
blood plasma definition | The liquid part of the blood containing useful things like glucose, amino acids, minerals, vitamins (nutrients) and hormones, as well as waste materials such as urea. |
bone marrow definition | Soft tissue found inside bones that produces new blood cells. |
capillary definition | Tiny blood vessels with walls one-cell thick where exchange of materials occurs. |
cardiac output definition | The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute. Heart Rate x Stroke Volume = Cardiac Output. |
endothermic definition | Reaction in which energy is taken in from the surroundings. |
haemoglobin definition | The red protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen round the body. |
immune system definition | The body’s defence system against entry of any foreign body, including pathogens and agents such as pollen grains. The role of the immune system is to prevent disease. |
nerve impulses definition | Electrical signals that travel along the nerve fibre from one end of the nerve cell to the other. |
oxidise definition | Chemical substances are oxidised by the addition of oxygen, removal of hydrogen or the removal of electrons. |
oxygen debt definition | The amount of extra oxygen required by the body for recovery after vigorous exercise. |
phagocytes definition | Cells, such as white blood cells, that engulf and absorb waste material, harmful microorganisms, or other foreign bodies in the bloodstream and tissues. |
phagocytosis definition | The process of the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes. |
phloem definition | The tissue in plants that transports the products of photosynthesis, including sugars and amino acids. |
plasma definition | Liquid, non-cellular part of the blood. |
pulmonary artery definition | The artery which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. |
pulmonary circuit definition | The part of the circulatory system that involves the right side of the heart, the lungs, and the blood vessels that connect them together. |
pulmonary vein definition | One of the four veins that carries oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs. |