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Edexcel Biology GCSE - Cellular Respiration and Transport Part 1

Biology25 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers key definitions and concepts related to cellular respiration and transport, including the circulatory system, respiratory system, and immune system components.

active transport definition

The transport of molecules against their concentration gradient from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
active transport definition
The transport of molecules against their concentration gradient from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration.
aerobic respiration definition
Respiration that requires oxygen.
aveoli definition
Tiny air sacs in the lungs, where gas is exchanged during breathing.
anaerobic definition
Without oxygen.
antibody definition
A protein produced by the immune system in humans (and other animals) that attacks foreign organisms (antigens) that get into the body.
aorta definition
Main artery which carries oxygenated blood from the heart in mammals.

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TermDefinition
active transport definition
The transport of molecules against their concentration gradient from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration.
aerobic respiration definition
Respiration that requires oxygen.
aveoli definition
Tiny air sacs in the lungs, where gas is exchanged during breathing.
anaerobic definition
Without oxygen.
antibody definition
A protein produced by the immune system in humans (and other animals) that attacks foreign organisms (antigens) that get into the body.
aorta definition
Main artery which carries oxygenated blood from the heart in mammals.
arteries definition
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
atria definition
Upper chambers of the heart which receive blood from veins (singular - atrium).
blood plasma definition
The liquid part of the blood containing useful things like glucose, amino acids, minerals, vitamins (nutrients) and hormones, as well as waste materials such as urea.
bone marrow definition
Soft tissue found inside bones that produces new blood cells.
capillary definition
Tiny blood vessels with walls one-cell thick where exchange of materials occurs.
cardiac output definition
The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute. Heart Rate x Stroke Volume = Cardiac Output.
endothermic definition
Reaction in which energy is taken in from the surroundings.
haemoglobin definition
The red protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen round the body.
immune system definition
The body’s defence system against entry of any foreign body, including pathogens and agents such as pollen grains. The role of the immune system is to prevent disease.
nerve impulses definition
Electrical signals that travel along the nerve fibre from one end of the nerve cell to the other.
oxidise definition
Chemical substances are oxidised by the addition of oxygen, removal of hydrogen or the removal of electrons.
oxygen debt definition
The amount of extra oxygen required by the body for recovery after vigorous exercise.
phagocytes definition
Cells, such as white blood cells, that engulf and absorb waste material, harmful microorganisms, or other foreign bodies in the bloodstream and tissues.
phagocytosis definition
The process of the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes.
phloem definition
The tissue in plants that transports the products of photosynthesis, including sugars and amino acids.
plasma definition
Liquid, non-cellular part of the blood.
pulmonary artery definition
The artery which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
pulmonary circuit definition
The part of the circulatory system that involves the right side of the heart, the lungs, and the blood vessels that connect them together.
pulmonary vein definition
One of the four veins that carries oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs.