Back to AI Flashcard MakerBiology /Edexcel Biology GCSE - Changing the Genes Part 1

Edexcel Biology GCSE - Changing the Genes Part 1

Biology20 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers key concepts related to genetics, including definitions and explanations of terms such as alleles, cloning, genetic engineering, and more.

Alleles

Different forms of the same gene

Some characteristics are controlled by a single gene, such as fur in animals and red-green colour blindness in humans. Each gene might have different forms, and these are called alleles.

Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/20

Key Terms

Term
Definition

Alleles

Different forms of the same gene

Some characteristics are controlled by a single gene, such as fur in animals and re...

Autosomes definition
Chromosomes that control the characteristics of an organism but do not determine its sex
What is Beta-carotene?
A red-orange pigment important in the diet for maintaining health
Cloning definition
A scientific method by which genetically identical copies are made of animals or plants
What are Cuttings?
Part of a plant stem, leaf, or root cut off and used for producing a new plant. An artificial propagation method
What is an Explant?
A small piece taken from a plant, used in plant cloning

Related Flashcard Decks

Study Tips

  • Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
  • Review cards regularly to improve retention
  • Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
  • Share this deck with friends to study together
TermDefinition

Alleles

Different forms of the same gene

Some characteristics are controlled by a single gene, such as fur in animals and red-green colour blindness in humans. Each gene might have different forms, and these are called alleles.

Autosomes definition
Chromosomes that control the characteristics of an organism but do not determine its sex
What is Beta-carotene?
A red-orange pigment important in the diet for maintaining health
Cloning definition
A scientific method by which genetically identical copies are made of animals or plants
What are Cuttings?
Part of a plant stem, leaf, or root cut off and used for producing a new plant. An artificial propagation method
What is an Explant?
A small piece taken from a plant, used in plant cloning
What does Exponential mean?
A set of numbers that increase more and more rapidly
What is Genetic engineering?
A process of changing the structure of a particular gene, usually to remove defects
Genotype definition
The alleles that an organism has for a particular characteristic, usually written as letters
In vitro definition
In vitro experiments are done in glassware such as test tubes and Petri dishes
What is Insulin?
A hormone that regulates the level of sugar in the blood and can be produced by genetically modified bacteria
Mutation definition
A random and spontaneous change in the structure of a gene, chromosome or number of chromosomes
Plasmid definition
The small circular genetic material present in bacterial cells and used in genetic engineering or genetic modification
Recessive definition
Describes the variant of a gene for a particular characteristic which is masked or suppressed in the presence of the dominant variant. A recessive gene will remain dormant unless it is paired with another recessive gene
Selective breeding definition
An artificial process in which organisms with desired characteristics are chosen as parents for the next generation
Tissue culture definition
Tissue culture is the growth of tissues or cells separate from an animal or plant
Toxin definition
A type of natural poison produced by an organism, often as a form of protection
Vector
The way in which genetic material is transferred from a donor to a recipient, eg viruses, bacterial cells or plasmids
Yield definition
The mass of a crop produced
Zygote definition
A fertilised egg cell