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Edexcel Biology Gcse - Coordination and Control - The Human Endocrine System Part 2

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This deck hormone released by the adrenal glands during stress or fear, triggering the “fight or flight” response.

There are important differences between nervous and hormonal control.
What is the duration of response for nervous and hormonal control?

Nervous: Short (until nerve impulses stop)

Hormonal: Long (until hormone is broken down)

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

There are important differences between nervous and hormonal control.
What is the duration of response for nervous and hormonal control?

Nervous: Short (until nerve impulses stop)

Hormonal: Long (until hormone is broken down)

Different hormones

The glands in the body produce a range of different chemical hormones that travel in the bloodstream and affect a number of different organs in the...

Examples of important hormones released into the bloodstream.

Important hormones released into the bloodstream include ADH (anti-diuretic hormone), adrenaline and insulin.

What hormone does the thyroid gland produce?

thyroxine

What hormone does the pancreas produce?

insulin

What hormone do the testes produce?

testosterone

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TermDefinition

There are important differences between nervous and hormonal control.
What is the duration of response for nervous and hormonal control?

Nervous: Short (until nerve impulses stop)

Hormonal: Long (until hormone is broken down)

Different hormones

The glands in the body produce a range of different chemical hormones that travel in the bloodstream and affect a number of different organs in the body. The diagram below shows this in detail.

Examples of important hormones released into the bloodstream.

Important hormones released into the bloodstream include ADH (anti-diuretic hormone), adrenaline and insulin.

What hormone does the thyroid gland produce?

thyroxine

What hormone does the pancreas produce?

insulin

What hormone do the testes produce?

testosterone

What hormone do the ovaries produce?

oestrogen

What hormone do the adrenal glands produce?

adrenaline

Pituitary gland

The 'master gland' situated at the base of the brain

What hormone does the pituitary gland produce?

ADH

What is the source of the hormone ADH?

Pituitary gland

What is the source of the hormone adrenaline?

Adrenal glands

What is the source of the hormone insulin?

Pancreas

What is the target organ(s) of AHD?

Kidneys

What are the target organs of adrenaline?

Several targets including organs in the respiratory and circulatory systems

What is the target organ of insulin?

Liver

What is the role of the hormone ADH?

Controlling the water content of the blood

What is the role of the hormone adrenaline?

Preparation for 'fight or flight'

What is the role of the hormone insulin?

Controlling blood glucose levels

What is the effect of ADH?

Increases reabsorption of water by the collecting ducts

What are the effects of adrenaline?

Increases breathing rate, heart rate, flow of blood to muscles, conversion of glycogen to glucose

What is the effect of insulin?

Increases conversion of glucose into glycogen for storage

Master gland

The pituitary gland in the brain is known as a 'master gland'. It secretes several hormones into the blood in response to the body's condition, such as blood water levels. The hypothalamus detects changes in hormone levels and will release hormones which control the pituitary gland or other organs. The hormones from the hypothalamus and pituitary can also act on other glands to stimulate the release of different types of hormones and bring about effects.

Coordination and control - The human endocrine system

| overview

The endocrine system secretes hormones into the bloodstream from glands throughout the body. Hormones travel in the blood stream to specific target organs, where they have an effect.

Homeostatic control

In animals, conditions such as water concentration, temperature, and glucose concentration must be kept as constant as possible. Control systems that keep such conditions constant are examples of homeostasis; this is the maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism.