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Edexcel Biology GCSE - Making Medicines Part 1

Biology20 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This flashcard deck covers key definitions and concepts related to the Edexcel Biology GCSE syllabus, focusing on topics such as diseases, the immune system, and medical terminology.

AIDS definition

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome – a disease of the human immune system caused by infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
AIDS definition
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome – a disease of the human immune system caused by infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
antibiotic definition
Substance that controls the spread of bacteria in the body by killing them or stopping them reproducing.
antigen definition
A foreign organism that gets into the body and triggers an immune response.
cancer definition
A disease caused by normal cells changing so that they grow and divide in an uncontrolled way. The uncontrolled growth causes a lump called a tumour t...
antibody definition
A protein produced by the immune system in humans (and other animals) that attacks foreign organisms (antigens) that get into the body.
What is arthritis?
A medical condition often found in older people which causes pain and inflammation of the joints.

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TermDefinition
AIDS definition
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome – a disease of the human immune system caused by infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
antibiotic definition
Substance that controls the spread of bacteria in the body by killing them or stopping them reproducing.
antigen definition
A foreign organism that gets into the body and triggers an immune response.
cancer definition
A disease caused by normal cells changing so that they grow and divide in an uncontrolled way. The uncontrolled growth causes a lump called a tumour to form.
antibody definition
A protein produced by the immune system in humans (and other animals) that attacks foreign organisms (antigens) that get into the body.
What is arthritis?
A medical condition often found in older people which causes pain and inflammation of the joints.
What is a drug?
A substance that can change chemical reactions in the body.
What is fluorescence?
When a chemical absorbs ultraviolet light and releases it as visible light.
foreign antigens definition
Not the same as those of the host organism. These are recognised by the immune system of the host and attacked by its white blood cells.
HIV definition
Human Immunodeficiency Virus, a disease which damages cells in the immune system.
hormone definition
Chemical messenger produced in glands and carried by the blood to specific organs in the body.
hybridoma definition
Cells formed from fusing spleen cells with myeloma cells which will produce monoclonal antibodies.
immune system definition
The body’s defence system against entry of any foreign body, including pathogens and agents such as pollen grains. The role of the immune system is to prevent disease.
What is leukaemia?
Cancer of the blood cells.
What are lymphocytes?
White blood cells which attack pathogens by producing antibodies.
monoclonal antibody definition
Identical copies of an antibody produced by fusing a spleen cell with a cancerous white blood cell which can be designed to bind to many different substances.
myeloma cells definition
Cancerous white blood cells used in the formation of monoclonal antibodies.
pathogen definition
Microorganism that causes disease.
synthetic definition
A material made by a chemical process, not naturally occurring.
tumour definition
The lump of cells formed as a result of uncontrolled cell division.