Back to AI Flashcard MakerBiology /Edexcel Biology Gcse - Plant Organisation Part 1
active transport definition
The transport of molecules against their concentration gradient from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
active transport
definition
The transport of molecules against their concentration gradient from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration.
companion cells
definition
Cells that help the phloem to transport substances by providing energy.
diffuse
definition
When particles spread out from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
epidermal cells
definition
Cells of the epidermis, the outer covering layer of an organism.
eyepiece
definition
The eyepiece, or ocular, is the lens at the top of a compound microscope. It has a longer focal length than the objective lens and magnifies the image...
field of view
definition
The area seen when looking through a microscope.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
active transport
definition | The transport of molecules against their concentration gradient from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration. |
companion cells
definition | Cells that help the phloem to transport substances by providing energy. |
diffuse
definition | When particles spread out from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. |
epidermal cells
definition | Cells of the epidermis, the outer covering layer of an organism. |
eyepiece
definition | The eyepiece, or ocular, is the lens at the top of a compound microscope. It has a longer focal length than the objective lens and magnifies the image produced by the objective. |
field of view
definition | The area seen when looking through a microscope. |
flaccid
definition | Lacking turgor. Lacking in stiffness or strength. Soft and floppy. |
graticule
definition | A glass or plastic disc fitted into the eyepiece of a microscope. The graticule has a scale ruled on it and is used to estimate the size of a specimen when viewed with a microscope. |
hydrogen bonding
definition | The strongest type of van der Waals force that arises through a dipole-dipole attraction when hydrogen atoms are covalently bonded to highly electronegative nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine atoms. |
lignin
definition | Carbohydrate material lining the xylem vessels providing strength and support. |
mitochondria
definition | Structures in the cytoplasm of all cells where aerobic respiration takes place (singular is mitochondrion). |
nuclei
definition | The nucleus controls what happens inside the cell. Chromosomes are structures found in the nucleus of most cells. The plural of nucleus is nuclei. |
osmosis
definition | The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration. |
palisade mesophyll
definition | Plant tissue containing closely packed cells in the upper layer of a leaf. |
phloem
definition | The tissue in plants that transports the products of photosynthesis, including sugars and amino acids. |
photosynthesis
definition | A chemical process used by plants to make glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water, using light energy. Oxygen is produced as a by-product of photosynthesis. Algae subsumed within plants and some bacteria are also photosynthetic. |
representative sample
definition | A representative sample is one that accurately represents the whole of the group. |
root hair cell
definition | A specialised cell that increases the surface area of the root epidermis to improve the uptake of water and minerals. |
respiration
definition | The chemical change that takes place inside living cells, which uses glucose and oxygen to release the energy that organisms need to live. Carbon dioxide is a by-product of respiration. |
sieve tube
definition | Cells that have no nuclei and are connected to each other by their cytoplasm. |
spongy mesophyll
definition | The plant tissue in a leaf which has loosely packed cells and air spaces between them to allow gas exchange. |
stomata
definition | Tiny holes in the epidermis (skin) of a leaf. They control gas exchange by opening and closing and are involved in loss of water from leaves. Singular is stoma. |
sucrose
definition | A disaccharide made from glucose and fructose. It is used as table sugar. |
translocation
definition | The transport of dissolved material within a plant. |
transpiration
definition | The loss of water from leaves by evaporation through the stomata. |