Back to AI Flashcard MakerBiology /LGS A-Level OCR Biology - Unit 3 - Transport in Plants Part 1
Why do plants need a specialised transport system?
to move products of photosynthesis, water, and oxygen around from their place of origin. Most plants are large and so have to transport substances huge distances from root to tip. SA: vol is small in plants (even though for leaves SA:vol high)
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Why do plants need a specialised transport system?
to move products of photosynthesis, water, and oxygen around from their place of origin. Most plants are large and so have to transport substances hug...
Define vascular system
a system of transport vessels in plants or animals
Define herbaceous
having a fleshy/soft stem
Define vascular bundle
The vascular system of herbaceous dicots, made up of xylem and phloem tissue
Define dicotyledonous
plants that produce two seed leaves
How do you tell if a plant is mono- or di- cotyledonous from its leaves?
Monocots have vessels parallel to the leave - Dicots have vessels which branch out from a central vessel
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Why do plants need a specialised transport system? | to move products of photosynthesis, water, and oxygen around from their place of origin. Most plants are large and so have to transport substances huge distances from root to tip. SA: vol is small in plants (even though for leaves SA:vol high) |
Define vascular system | a system of transport vessels in plants or animals |
Define herbaceous | having a fleshy/soft stem |
Define vascular bundle | The vascular system of herbaceous dicots, made up of xylem and phloem tissue |
Define dicotyledonous | plants that produce two seed leaves |
How do you tell if a plant is mono- or di- cotyledonous from its leaves? | Monocots have vessels parallel to the leave - Dicots have vessels which branch out from a central vessel |
What is the vascular bundle made up of? | Xylem and phloem tissue |
What are the products of photosynthesis? | Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids |
What are the products of photosynthesis known as collectively? | Organic compounds |
Why do plants need water? | to maintain turgidity of cells, to transport nutrients around the plant, to create an aqueous environment for reactions to occur, to cool plants by evaporation, for photosynthesis |
How is water transported in the plant? | Via the xylem |
From the inside to the outside what tissues are present in a dicot root section? | xylem, phloem, pericycle, endodermis, cortex, epidermis- root hair cells |
In which part of the root is water taken up? | Root hairs |
Which part of the root do the lateral roots grow from? | The pericycle |
Why does the root have so many root hairs? | Increases the surface area able to take up water |
How does water enter the root? | By osmosis |
What must the water potential of the soil be relative to the root in order for water to be taken up? | The water potential of the soil must be less negative than the water potential of the root |
How does the plant ensure the water potential of the root is more negative than the soil? | -ions from the soil are ACTIVELY pumped into the root |
What does active pumping mean? | -Energy is required for the movement to occur |
What pathway is taken by the water to go from the soil to the xylem? | root hair cell, cortex, endodermis, pericycle, xylem |
What are the two different routes the water can take? | Apoplast, Symplast |
What is the function of the pericycle? | -it is meristematic and produces the lateral roots |
What is the function of the endodermis? | -contains a ring of suberin which is impermeable to water |
What is the function of the cortex? | -stores a large amount of starch |
What shape is the xylem tissue? | -star-shaped |