Back to AI Flashcard MakerBiology /LGS A-Level OCR Biology - Unit 6 - Genetics of living systems Part 1

LGS A-Level OCR Biology - Unit 6 - Genetics of living systems Part 1

Biology20 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck genetic code is universal, read in non-overlapping triplets, and is degenerate, meaning multiple codons can code for the same amino acid.

Characteristics of genetic code

Universal

Triplet code

Degenerate

Non-overlapping

Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/20

Key Terms

Term
Definition

Characteristics of genetic code

Universal

Triplet code

Degenerate

Non-overlapping

Properties of DNA

Introns

Exons

Introns

Sections of DNA that do not code for a polypeptide

Regulatory sequences

Acts as a buffer for mutations

Regulatory sequences

Promoter regions

Terminator regions

Operator regions (prokaryotes)

Exons

Sections of DNA that code for polypeptides

Regulatory or structural genes

Regulatory genes

Genes that code for proteins used in DNA regulation

Related Flashcard Decks

Study Tips

  • Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
  • Review cards regularly to improve retention
  • Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
  • Share this deck with friends to study together
TermDefinition

Characteristics of genetic code

Universal

Triplet code

Degenerate

Non-overlapping

Properties of DNA

Introns

Exons

Introns

Sections of DNA that do not code for a polypeptide

Regulatory sequences

Acts as a buffer for mutations

Regulatory sequences

Promoter regions

Terminator regions

Operator regions (prokaryotes)

Exons

Sections of DNA that code for polypeptides

Regulatory or structural genes

Regulatory genes

Genes that code for proteins used in DNA regulation

Structural genes

Genes that code for regular proteins

Mutagens

Chemical, physical, or biological agents which cause mutations e.g. viruses (viral DNA inserts itself into the genome), radiation (Breaks one or both DNA strands)

Where can genes be turned on or off

Transcriptional

Post-transcriptional

Translational

Post-translational

When does up/down regulation occur

Post trasncriptional

Translational

Post translational

Either increases/ decreases rate of protein synthesis

When are proteins modified

Translational

Post translational

Where are ribosomes assembled

Nucleolus

Why is there a ribosomal groove

So mRNA can be read for transcription

Types of mutations

Genes

Chromosomal

Point mutations

Mutations that occur at a spp point

Insertion

Substitution

Deletion

Effects of point mutations of proteins

Silent

Missense

Nonsense

Insertion mutations

Addn. of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence

Substitution mutation

Occurs when a base pair is substituted for another

Deletion mutation

Occurs when a base pair is deleted from the DNA sequence

Frameshift

A mutation caused by the addn. or deln. of a base pair(s) resulting in the translation of the genetic code from an unnatural reading frame from the point mutation to the end of the gene