How do hairy leaves adapt xerophytes?
create a microclimate of still, humid air this reduces the water vapour potential gradient minimises the loss of water by transpiration from the surface of the leaf
Key Terms
How do hairy leaves adapt xerophytes?
create a microclimate of still, humid air this reduces the water vapour potential gradient minimises the loss of water by transpiration from the su...
How do curled leaves adapt xerophytes?
confine all the stomata within a microenvironment of still, humid air to reduce diffusion of water vapour from the stomata
How are succulents adapted to their environment?
contain specialist parenchyma tissue in stems and roots | - water in stored in these and then used in times of drought
How can losing leaves adapt a xerophyte?
leaves lost when water is not available reduces water loss by transpiration trunk and branches turn green and photosynthesise
How do xerophytes have roots adapted for their environment?
long tap roots grow deep into the ground below the surface mass of widespread shallow roots with large surface area are able to absorb surface wate...
How can some xerophytes 'avoid the problem' of their environments?
plants die but leave seeds to germinate and grow rapidly when it rains again some survive as storage organs (e.g tubers, bulbs) some plants can be ...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
How do hairy leaves adapt xerophytes? | create a microclimate of still, humid air this reduces the water vapour potential gradient minimises the loss of water by transpiration from the surface of the leaf |
How do curled leaves adapt xerophytes? | confine all the stomata within a microenvironment of still, humid air to reduce diffusion of water vapour from the stomata |
How are succulents adapted to their environment? | contain specialist parenchyma tissue in stems and roots | - water in stored in these and then used in times of drought |
How can losing leaves adapt a xerophyte? | leaves lost when water is not available reduces water loss by transpiration trunk and branches turn green and photosynthesise |
How do xerophytes have roots adapted for their environment? | long tap roots grow deep into the ground below the surface mass of widespread shallow roots with large surface area are able to absorb surface water before a rain shower evaporates |
How can some xerophytes 'avoid the problem' of their environments? | plants die but leave seeds to germinate and grow rapidly when it rains again some survive as storage organs (e.g tubers, bulbs) some plants can be completely dehydrated and recover when it rains again |
What is a hydrophyte? | -plants with adaptations that enable them to survive in very wet habitats or submerged at the surface of the water |
Give two examples of hydrophytes | Water lilies and water cress |
What are the problems faced by hydrophytes? | water logging, air spaces of plants need to be full of air not water it is important that leaves float on water to enable photosynthesis |
How does having a thin/no waxy cuticle adapt hydrophytes? | -allows water to be lost through transpiration |
How does the waxy cuticle of hydrophytes and xerophytes differ? | Hydrophytes may have a very thin or no waxy cuticle whereas xerophytes have very thick waxy cuticles |
How does having many stomata that are permanently open adapt hydrophytes? | maximises gas exchange |
Why do hydrophytes have reduced structural support? | water supports the leaves and flowers | - so no need for strong supporting structures |
How do wide, flat leaves adapt hydrophytes? | spread across the surface of the water | - capture as much light as possible |
Why do hydrophytes have small roots? | water can diffuse directly into stem and leaf tissue | - so less need for uptake by roots |
How does have a large surface area of stems and roots under water adapt hydrophytes? | -maximises area for photosynthesis and for oxygen to diffuse into submerged plants |
How do air sacs adapt hydrophytes? | -enable leaves and/or flowers to float on the surface of the water |
What are aerenchyma? | Specialised parenchyma tissue which has many large air spaces |
How do aerenchyma adapt hydrophytes? | makes leaves and stems more buoyant form a low resistance pathway for the movement of substances such as oxygen to tissues below water this helps the plant to cope with extreme low oxygen conditions |