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OCR Biology A - 2.1.4 - Enzymes Part 2

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This deck covers key concepts related to enzyme functions, types, and reactions, including enzyme groups, reaction rates, and digestion processes.

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Which enzyme group can catalyse oxidation reactions?

Dehydrogenases
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Which enzyme group can catalyse oxidation reactions?
Dehydrogenases
What is the approximate temperature coefficient (Q10) of an enzyme controlled reaction?
2 The rate of reaction typically doubles w/ a 10 degrees C increase Does not apply to denatured enzymes
Which enzyme catalyses the breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol and 3 fatty acids?
Hydrolase
Which type of enzyme catalysed the conversion of a dipeptide into two separate amino acids?
Hydrolase
End product inhibition
Where the product made stops the enzyme from making further products and binding to more substrates
Measuring the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction
Measure how fast the product appears and use this for comparison Catalase catalyses H2O2 --> H2 + O2
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OCR Biology A - 2.1.4 - Enzymes Part 2
TermDefinition
Which enzyme group can catalyse oxidation reactions?
Dehydrogenases
What is the approximate temperature coefficient (Q10) of an enzyme controlled reaction?
2 The rate of reaction typically doubles w/ a 10 degrees C increase Does not apply to denatured enzymes
Which enzyme catalyses the breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol and 3 fatty acids?
Hydrolase
Which type of enzyme catalysed the conversion of a dipeptide into two separate amino acids?
Hydrolase
End product inhibition
Where the product made stops the enzyme from making further products and binding to more substrates
Measuring the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction
Measure how fast the product appears and use this for comparison Catalase catalyses H2O2 --> H2 + O2
Variables for reaction of breakdown of H2O2
IV -Temp (use water baths) DV - vol of O2. produced CV - pH (use same type of buffer), vol and conc of H2O2 and catalase (from celery)
Precursors (apoenzymes)
Enzymes that are inactive because we don’t want the metabolic process to occur Requires cofactors to be activated (holoenzyme)
Vmax
Maximum initial velocity/ rate of enzyme controlled reaction
Digestion of starch
Starch + amylose --> maltose Occurs in mouth (saliva) and small intestine (pancreatic juice) Maltose + maltase --> glucose (absorbed directly into bloodstream) Occurs in small intestine
Digestion of proteins
Trypsin catalyses breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides in small intestine - release w/ pancreatic juices AA absorbed by cells lining digestive system and then absorbed into the bloodstream
pH of enzymes in small intestine
8 Trypsin Lipase Amylase Maltase
How to increase Vmax
Add more enzyme | Increase temp
End product inhibition
Example of -ve feedback Prevents waste of resources to make excess products Example of non competitive reversible inhibition
Precursors (Zymogens)
Require action of another enzyme to bring about change in 3' structure