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OCR Biology A - 3.1.3 - Transport in Plants Part 1

Biology25 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers key concepts related to plant transport systems, including the roles of various plant tissues and pathways, factors affecting transpiration, and the structure and function of roots and stems.

What distinguishes stems from other parts of the plants

Presence of nodes and internodes
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What distinguishes stems from other parts of the plants
Presence of nodes and internodes
Role of vascular cambium
Responsible for secondary growth and contains meristematic tissue
Functions of roots
Anchor the plant in the ground Store excess carbs Absorbs water and minerals
Role of parenchyma
Involved in respiration, photosynthesis, storage and secretion Heavily lignified
What is collenchyna tissue made of
Collenchyma cells Pectin Cellulose
Role of collenchyma
Provide support Expands as the stem grows

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TermDefinition
What distinguishes stems from other parts of the plants
Presence of nodes and internodes
Role of vascular cambium
Responsible for secondary growth and contains meristematic tissue
Functions of roots
Anchor the plant in the ground Store excess carbs Absorbs water and minerals
Role of parenchyma
Involved in respiration, photosynthesis, storage and secretion Heavily lignified
What is collenchyna tissue made of
Collenchyma cells Pectin Cellulose
Role of collenchyma
Provide support Expands as the stem grows
Role of endodermal cells
Regulates the substances that enter
What is pericycle made of
Parenchyma and sclerenchyma
Role of pericycle
Maintains meristematic activity
What is xylem tissue made of
Tracheids Vessel elements Parenchyma Sclerenchyma
Embolisms
Air bubbles formed in plant capillaries
Ions needed by plants
NO3 ^2- Mg ^2+ PO4 ^3- K ^+ SO4 ^2-
What is the cortex made of
Parenchyma
Transpiration
Loss of water from leaves of a plant, occurs from underside of leaf (stomata) Water moves from areas of high hydrostatic pressure to areas of low hydrostatic pressure
Functions of water in plants
Turgidity - keep stems and leaves rigid Photosynthesis Enzyme reactions - metabolic processes occur in solution Transport - ions absorbed in solution and transported in xylem
Apoplastic pathway
Water moving from soil solution to root hair and across cortex to the xylem in the cell walls
Symplastic pathway
Water moving from soil solution to root hair and across cortex to the xylem through the cytoplasm and plasmodesmata
Vacuolar pathway
Water moving from soil solution to root hair and across cortex to the xylem through the vacuoles
Factors affecting rate of transpiration
Temperature Humidity Light intensity Wind
Lignin
Causes spirals in xylem Allows cells to stretch/expand
Adaptations of vessel elements
Hollow lumen Perforated cell ends Lignin for rigidity
Casparian strip
Controls amount of water coming in the endodermis
Factors affecting transpiration
Temperature Humidity Light intensity Air movement Soil water availability
Control variables when using potometer
Cut at an angle to increase SA of lumen Bung to stop water evaporating Assemble potometer underwater - prevents air from entering Dry leaves - no water molecules blocking stomata
Functions of roots
Anchor the plant in the ground Store excess carb reserves Absorb water and minerals