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Healthcare Access and Outcomes U

Compares U.S. healthcare financing and outcomes with other developed countries, highlighting cost barriers, access issues, and the impact of social determinants on population health.

Alice Edwards
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4 months ago
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Healthcaresystemshavemanysimilaritiesinhowtheydeliverpatientcarearoundtheworld.However,thefinancinganddeliveryofhealthcareintheUnitedStateswhencomparedtootheradvancedanddevelopedcountrieshasnotabledifferences.Whendiscussingthehealthofapopulation,socialdeterminantsofhealthareusefulindicatorsandalterhowapopulation'shealthisperceived.Economicstability,accesstoqualityeducationandhealthcareresources,geographicalenvironmentandbuiltneighborhood,andsocialandcommunitycontextareallaspectsofhowapopulationlives,works,andthrivesorstruggles.IntheUnitedStates,accesstohealthcareisnotjustbasedoffproximitytofacilities,thereisalsothebarrierofcost.ThecostofaccesstohealthcareintheUnitedStates"includesinsurancepremiums,co-pays,anddeductibles;out-of-pockethealthexpendituresnotcoveredbyinsurance;taxes(SocialSecurity,federal,andstate)"(Masonetal.,2021,p.126).AlthoughpublicinsurancethroughMedicareandMedicaidhavecreatedchangesinthewaythehealthcaresystemintheUnitedStatesisfinanced,thesystemisstilllargelyrunthroughprivateinsuranceagenciesofferedthroughemployeebenefits.TheintroductionoftheAffordableCareActhashelpedtoincreaseaccessibilityofhealthcareservicestotheentirepopulationandreducedthepossibilityofinsurancecompaniesterminatingcoverageforthosewithpreexistingconditions(Masonetal.,2021).However,comparedtootheremergingcountries,thereisstilladisparitybetweenouradvancementsandexpendituresintheUnitedStatesversuspatientoutcomes.TheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD)ismadeupof36membercountries(OECD,2024).AsidefromtheUnitedStates,"mostdevelopedcountrieshaveahealthinsurancesystemfunded,subsidized,ormanagedbythenationalgovernment"(Masonetal,2021,p.126).AccordingtotheOECD,theUnitedStatesisamongstthehigherexpenditurecountrieswithhigheravoidablemortality,rankinginthelowestgroupingforaccesstohealthcareindicatedbylowernumberofthosewithinthepopulationwithprimarycareprovidersorfinancialprotection(OECD,2024)."TheUnitedStatesisranked28thforlifeexpectancyatbirthoutof35peercountriesdeterminedbytheOECD"(Masonetal.,2021,p.127).WiththelowestnumberofpracticingphysiciansreducingaccesstoprimarycareprovidersitsanimportantstepintheUnitedStatestopushforfullunrestrictedpracticeforAPNstoincreasethenumberofpossiblehealthcareprovidersthatthepopulationcansee.Althoughtechnologicaladvancementsandusageofdiagnosticimaging,pharmaceuticals,telehealth,andothertechnologyishigherintheUnitedStates,thecountrystillhasoutcomedisparitieslike"highestmaternalmortalityratiointheindustrializedworld"(Masonetal.,2021,p.127).ReferencesHealthataglance2019.OECDiLibrary.(2024).hitps://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/health-at-a-glance-2019_4dd50c09-enMason,D.J.,Dickson,E.L.,McLemore,M.R.,&Perez,G.A.(2021).Policy&PoliticsinNursingandHealthCare(8thed.).Elsevier.

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Healthcare

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