Managing Human Behavior in Public and Nonprofit Organizations Fourth Edition Test Bank

Name: Managing Human Behavior in Public and Nonprofit Organizations Fourth Edition Test Bank
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Denhardt –Managing Human Behavior in Nonprofit Organizations
Chapter 1: Organizational Behavior as a Way of Thinking and Acting
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following questions should you ask when analyzing individual employee
behavior in public organizations?
A) Do employees feel like part of a team?
B) Do workers understand the underlying values of the mission of the unit?
C) Are the appropriate equipment, technology, and supplies available?
D) Is the unit is receiving adequate funding and central agency support?
Ans: B
2. Which of the following is the field of organizational behavior NOT concerned with:
A) Using power and politics constructively and ethically
B) Using diversity to enhance organizational performance
C) Securing profits for shareholders
D) Creating and securing commitment to shared values
Ans: C
3. The ________ conducted a study addressing what public organizations need to know in order
to act effectively and responsibly.
A) U.S. Office of Personnel Management
B) U.S. Office of Management & Budget
C) U.S. Office of Special Counsel
D) U.S. Department of Education
Ans: A

4. Which of the following is a “What” of management function?
A) Strategic view
B) Broad perspective
C) Leadership
D) Monitoring
Ans: D
5. Which of the following is an effective characteristic of the “How” of management?
A) Planning
B) Managing materials
C) Results focus
D) Coordination
Ans: C
6. Which of the following management functions involves presenting, explaining, selling, and
defending the work unit’s activities to the supervisor in the agency and to persons and groups
outside of the agency?
A) Coordination
B) Representation
C) Leadership
D) Monitoring
Ans: B
7. Which of the following management functions involves self-knowledge and awareness of
impact on others?
A) Interpersonal sensitivity
B) Communication
C) Representation
D) Monitoring
Ans: A

8. Frederick Taylor’s overall purpose was to make workers more:
A) Satisfied
B) Empowered
C) Productive
D) Committed
Ans: C
9. The finding that people change their behavior when they know they are being observed is
known as the:
A) Hawthorne Finding
B) Hawthorne Effect
C) Hawthorne Works
D) Hawthorne Results
Ans: B
10. Theory Y characterizes assumes people are:
A) Motivated solely by money.
B) Lazy and uninvolved.
C) Inherently worthwhile.
D) Complex and difficult to understand.
Ans: C
11. Rensis Likert refers to managers as the __________.:
A) Focal point
B) Trend setter
C) Leader
D) Linking pin
Ans: D

12. Which of the following is NOT an assumption that underlies the study of organizational
behavior?
A) Human behavior is purposeful.
B) Human behavior is random.
C) Human behavior can be changed.
D) Human behavior can be influenced by others.
Ans: B
13. The understanding that people are more likely to carry out decisions they helped to make is
based on the research of ____________.
A) Kurt Lewin
B) Douglas McGregor
C) Frederick Taylor
D) Chester Barnard
Ans: A
14. Evaluating whether resources are tracked and allocated to areas of high need is analysis on
the ________ level.
A) Individual
B) Group
C) Organizational
D) Systems
Ans: C
15. Sarah is trying to evaluate whether her supervisors are managing their units in a manner that
supports employee development and performance. Which of the following levels of analysis is
she engaging in??
A) Individual
B) Group
C) Organizational
D) Systems
Ans: A

16. Joe is researching any external issues or trends that seem likely to affect the work unit.
Which management function is he engaging in?
A) Supervision
B) Budgeting
C) Representation
D) External awareness
Ans: D
17. Martha has specialized expertise in agency programs and operations. Which of the following
effective management characteristics was she most likely hired for?
A) Interpersonal sensitivity
B) Technical competence
C) Action orientation
D) Strategic view
Ans: B
18. Organizational behavior provides the ________ for managing human behavior in
organizations.
A) Strategies
B) Rationale
C) Goals
D) Purpose
Ans: A
19. Helen feels that it is possible for a trained monkey to do the jobs of her workers. Which
researcher’s viewpoint is she espousing?
A) Max Hawthorne
B) Chester Barnard
C) Frederick Taylor
D) Abraham Maslow
E)
Ans: C

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20. Jason believes he should focus on the strength, resilience and vitality of his workers. He is
most likely influenced by which researcher?
A) Frederick Taylor
B) Martin Seligman
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Robert Waterman
E
Ans: B
True/False
21. True or False.
To be effective, public administrators and nonprofit managers
must lead and motivate others only within their organizations.
Ans: False
22. True or False. Organizational behavior can tell a manager what type of computer system will
be most effective.
Ans: False
23. True or False. Organizational behavior is concerned with how people act, their motivations,
and how they interact with others.
Ans: True

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24. True or False. The management of organizational behavior in the public sector does not
concern governance in the public interest.
Ans: False
25. True or False. In order for executives at the top levels of government to be successful, they
must have the ability to work with and through people.
Ans: True
26. True or False. Frederick Taylor was greatly concerned with employee motivation.
Ans: False
27. True or False. The importance of human cooperation in organizations was emphasized in
the Hawthorn study’s definition of a formal organization.
Ans: False
28. True or False. The psychological theories of Sigmund Freud are useful when looking at
adults in organizational settings.
Ans: False
29. True or False. Positive organizational scholarship focuses on what is wrong with people and
their deficiencies,
Ans: False

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30. True or False. One assumption that guides the exploration of organizational behavior in the
public sector is that public service is about serving others.
Ans: True
Essay
31. Define the different levels of analysis in organizational behavior. What questions should be
asked for each level? How should the analysis be conducted?
Ans: varies
32. Discuss how organizational behavior is defined in the public sector. Does this differ from
organizational behavior outside of the public sector? Why or why not?
Ans: varies
33. Identify the skills that are critical to managerial success in government. Pick five skills to
discuss in detail. Why did you choose these skills? What makes them important?
Ans: varies
34. Discuss the evolution of research and understanding about human behavior in an
organizational context. Be sure to identify the factors that led to changes in understanding
organizational behavior.
Ans: varies
35. Briefly describe the assumptions underlying organizational behavior. How might these
assumptions influence our understanding of organizational behavior in the public sector?
Ans: varies

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Denhardt –Managing Human Behavior in Nonprofit Organizations
Chapter 2: Knowing and Managing Yourself
Multiple Choice
1. Which level of the self is motivated by the welfare of the group?
A) Individual
B) Group
C) Collective
D) Interpersonal
Ans: C
2. The first level of skill development in any discipline involves ________.
A) emotional challenge
B) cognitive knowledge
C) behavioral skills
D) training
Ans: B
3. Brenda exhibits self-control, is trustworthy, adaptable, open to change and has a strong desire
to achieve. Which component of emotional intelligence is she exhibiting?
A) Self-management
B) Self-awareness
C) Social awareness
D) Social management
Ans: A

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4. Bill has been described by his employees as an empathetic boss who values diversity and is
cross-culturally sensitive. Which component of emotional intelligence are his employees
recognizing?
A) Self-management
B) Self-awareness
C) Social awareness
D) Social management
Ans: C
5. Which of the following is NOT a competency associated with the social management
component of emotional intelligence?
A) Self-control
B) Leadership
C) Conflict management
D) Expertise in building teams
Ans: A
6. Which of the following is NOT a self-imposed barrier to rising to leadership positions?
A) Overemphasis of personal goals
B) Turning competitors into enemies
C) Gaps in training
D) Needing to lead alone
Ans: C
7. ________ are the foundation upon which attitudes and personal preferences are formed and
the basis for crucial decisions, life directions, and personal choice.
A) Personal values
B) Self-disclosure
C) Locus of control
D) Personality style
Ans: A

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8. According to Kohlberg’s model of moral development, in which of the following stages of
development would cheating on an exam be considered acceptable?
A) Unconventional
B) Preconventional
C) Conventional
D) Postconventional
Ans: B
9. Bill knows that it is against company policy to report incorrect hours on his timesheet and
therefore always reports the correct number of hours he has worked. Based on this, Bill is in the
________ stage of moral development.
A) Unconventional
B) Preconventional
C) Conventional
D) Postconventional
Ans: C
10. John likes to work and sees work as an end in itself. Which of following value orientations
does he have?
A) Industry
B) Financial
C) Power
D) Achievement
Ans: A
11. Which psychologist described several aspects of the human psyche based on the way in
which we take in and process information?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud

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Ans: C
12. Guardians tend to be ________ while Artisans tend to be _________.
A) Adaptable, Sociable
B) Sociable, Adaptable
C) Responsible, Analytical
D) Analytical, Responsible
Ans: B
13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of idealists?
A) Intense
B) Intuitive
C) Inspiring
D) Impulsive
Ans: D
14. Raj tends to be optimistic and adaptable. Which of the following temperaments does he
exhibit?
A) Artisan
B) Guardian
C) Rational
D) Idealistic
Ans: B
15. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of those with an internal locus of control?
A) Engage in actions to improve their environment
B) Ask more questions
C) Remember more information
D) Believe that what happens is caused by others
Ans: D

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16. Jillian desires to climb to a leadership level in an organization so as to enable integration and
coordination of the efforts of others. Which of the following is most likely her career anchor?
A) General Manager competence
B) Security/stability
C) Service/dedication to a cause
D) Autonomy/independence
Ans: A
17. Who was one of the first behavioral scientists to comment on the close connection between
an individual’s self-concept and his or her views of others?
A) Carl Rogers
B) Erich Fromm
C) Carl Jung
D) Abraham Maslow
Ans: B
18. ________ tend to be symbolic and enthusiastic.
A) Artisans
B) Guardians
C) Rationalists
D) Idealists
Ans: D
19. Which of the following is NOT related to having an internal locus of control?
A) Ability to cope with stress
B) Promotability
C) Low satisfaction
D) Job involvement
Ans: C

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20. For an employee with the ________ career anchor, flexibility is of primary importance.
A) Lifestyle
B) Autonomy
C) Entrepreneurial creativity
D) Pure challenge
Ans: B
True/False
21. True or False. The interpersonal level of self is motivated by self-interest.
Ans: False
22. True or False. The term emotional challenge refers to any real or perceived threat to our
security, self-image, or sense of self-worth that stimulates our instinctive self-protective
tendencies to either withdraw or become aggressive.
Ans: True
23. True or False. Social awareness is the ability to understand what one is feeling and how to
direct those feelings.
Ans: False
24. True or False. People who do not trust others often are viewed by others as untrustworthy

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themselves.
Ans: True
25. True or False. The human value orientation views people and relationships in a negative
manner.
Ans: False
26. True or False. Personality style refers to the manner in which individuals gather and process
information.
Ans: True
27. True or False. People who rely on “sensing” are more likely to focus on the future, to see
the potential in a situation, and to be highly creative.
Ans: False
28. True or False. The feeler needs a thinking type to persuade and conciliate feelings, to arouse
enthusiasm and to sell or advertise, and to teach and forecast.
Ans: False
29. True or False. Interpersonal orientation identifies the underlying tendencies that the
individual has to behave in certain ways regardless of circumstances or presence of others.
Ans: True

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