Organizational Behavior: Improving Performance and Commitment in the Workplace 3rd Canadian Edition Test Bank

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ExamName___________________________________MULTIPLE CHOICE.Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)_______ is a field of study devoted to understanding, explaining, and ultimatelyimproving the attitudes and behaviours of individuals and groups in organizations.1)_______A)Social psychologyB)EconomicsC)Strategic managementD)SociologyE)Organizational behaviour2)Which of these takes the theories and principles studied in OB and explores the"nuts-and-bolts" applications of those principles in organizations?2)_______A)Human resource managementB)Social psychologyC)Strategic managementD)EconomicsE)Sociology3)An OB study might explore the relationship between pay and motivation, whereas a(n)_______ study might examine the best way to structure compensation programs.3)_______A)economicsB)human resource managementC)strategic managementD)anthropologyE)organizational development4)Which course focuses on the product choices and industry characteristics that affect theorganization's profitability?4)_______A)organizational behaviourB)strategic managementC)social psychologyD)human resource managementE)economics5)American Drinks International is a soft drink manufacturer in the carbonated sodaindustry. The firm is commissioning a study to explore how the company's expansioninto the new product segment of tropical fruit flavored soda would affect its profitability.Such a study is addressed in which of these areas?5)_______A)human resource managementB)strategic managementC)organizational behaviourD)social psychologyE)industrial and organizational psychology6)OB research on job performance and individual characteristics draws primarily fromstudies in6)_______A)strategic management.B)sociology.C)economics.

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D)industrial and organizational psychology.E)marketing.7)Research on satisfaction, emotions, and team processes found in OB draws heavily fromstudies in7)_______A)economics.B)marketing.C)sociology.D)strategic management.E)social psychology.8)Models from _______ are used to understand motivation, learning, and decision makingin OB.8)_______A)economicsB)sociologyC)anthropologyD)strategic managementE)marketing9)Scenario: Ben BarrackAs a student, you have been attending the local university majoring in Business. Youhave signed up for this course on Organizational Behaviour (OB). You are also workingas an assistant manager at a local restaurant where Ben Barrack is the manager. WhenBen finds that you are enrolled in an OB course, he laughs and says OB is commonsense, you don't need a course on it and that if you take strategic management, it givesyou the same information. Ben comments that the only thing he needs to worry about isthe job performance of his employees. Having just studied this chapter, respond to thefollowing questions and Ben's comments and beliefs.As Ben suggested, does strategic management give you the same information as OB?9)_______A)YesB)No10)OB can be contrasted with two other courses commonly offered in managementdepartments: _____ and strategic management.10)______A)project managementB)operations managementC)human resource managementD)business managementE)financial management11)When a firm expands into a new product segment, it is known as:11)______A)diversification.B)product proliferation.C)concept development.D)market penetration.E)market development.12)_____ research is vital to research on team characteristics and organizational structure.12)______A)Social psychologyB)Anthropology

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C)SociologyD)Industrial and organizational psychologyE)Economics13)_____ research helps inform the study of organizational culture.13)______A)SociologyB)Social psychologyC)EconomicsD)Industrial and organizational psychologyE)Anthropology14)The primary outcomes of interest to organizational behaviour researchers are:14)______A)personality and abilityB)stress and motivationC)organizational culture and organizational structureD)job performance and organizational commitmentE)team processes and team characteristics15)According to the integrative model of organizational behaviour, which of the followingis an individual outcome?15)______A)Job satisfactionB)MotivationC)Organizational commitmentD)AbilityE)Personality16)Scenario: Ben BarrackAs a student, you have been attending the local university majoring in Business. Youhave signed up for this course on Organizational Behaviour. You are also working as anassistant manager at a local restaurant where Ben Barrack is the manager. When Benfinds that you are enrolled in an OB course, he laughs and says OB is common sense,you don't need a course on it and that if you take strategic management, it gives you thesame information. Ben comments that the only thing he needs to worry about is the jobperformance of his employees. Having just studied this chapter, respond to the followingquestions and Ben's comments and beliefs.Ben suggested that he only needs to worry about the job performance of his employees.After learning about the integrative model of OB, you might explain that there is oneother key outcome that he should worry about:16)______A)self-actualizationB)downsizing practicalityC)relatedness needsD)organizational commitmentE)none of these17)According to the integrative model of organizational behaviour, the twoorganizational-level variables that impact individual-level attitudes and behaviours are:17)______A)personality and abilityB)job performance and organizational commitmentC)stress and motivation

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D)organizational culture and organizational structureE)team processes and team characteristics18)According to the integrative model of organizational behaviour, the two types ofgroup-level variables that impact individual-level attitudes and behaviours are:18)______A)learning and decision makingB)personality and abilityC)job performance and organizational commitmentD)stress and motivationE)leadership styles and team characteristics19)According to the integrative model of organizational behaviour, two of the individualcharacteristics that impact individual attitudes and behaviours include:19)______A)job performance and organizational commitmentB)stress and motivationC)team processes and team characteristicsD)personality and abilityE)organizational culture and organizational structure20)The integrative model of organizational behaviour includes a number of individualmechanisms that directly impact job performance and organizational commitment. Thosemechanisms include:20)______A)organizational culture and organizational structureB)team processes and team characteristicsC)personality and abilityD)leader styles and behaviourE)stress and motivation21)All of these are individual mechanisms as reflected in the integrative model oforganizational behaviour except:21)______A)Job performanceB)Job satisfactionC)MotivationD)LearningE)Stress22)What Suzie feels when thinking about her job and doing her day-to-day work is capturedin her22)______A)job satisfactionB)abilityC)personalityD)leadership styleE)organizational culture23)Which of these individual mechanisms reflects employees' psychological responses tojob demand that tax or exceed their capacities?23)______A)job performanceB)stressC)abilityD)job satisfactionE)leadership style

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24)Which of these individual mechanisms captures the energetic forces that driveemployees' work efforts?24)______A)personalityB)stressC)motivationD)job performanceE)ability25)Personal attributes such as _______ influence how we behave at work and the kinds oftasks that interest us.25)______A)job performance, organizational structure, and abilityB)personality, cultural values, and abilityC)organizational structure, cultural values, and abilityD)stress, cultural values, and job performanceE)leadership, stress, and job performance26)Which of these mechanisms dictates how the units within the firm link to other units?26)______A)organizational cultureB)organizational leadershipC)organizational structureD)organizational abilityE)job performance27)Which of these mechanisms captures shared knowledge about the rules, norms, andvalues that shape employee attitudes and behaviours?27)______A)organizational structureB)organizational abilityC)job performanceD)organizational leadershipE)organizational culture28)Scenario: Ben BarrackAs a student, you have been attending the local university majoring in Business. Youhave signed up for this course on Organizational Behaviour. You are also working as anassistant manager at a local restaurant where Ben Barrack is the manager. When Benfinds that you are enrolled in an OB course, he laughs and says OB is common sense,you don't need a course on it and that if you take strategic management, it gives you thesame information. Ben comments that the only thing he needs to worry about is the jobperformance of his employees. Having just studied this chapter, respond to the followingquestions and Ben's comments and beliefs.You should tell Ben that according to the integrative model of OB, the following twoconcepts represent individual mechanisms that have a direct impact on job performance.28)______A)personality and abilityB)team processes and team characteristicsC)leadership styles and behavioursD)organizational culture and organizational structureE)stress and motivation

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29)Scenario: Ben BarrackAs a student, you have been attending the local university majoring in Business. Youhave signed up for this course on Organizational Behaviour. You are also working as anassistant manager at a local restaurant where Ben Barrack is the manager. When Benfinds that you are enrolled in an OB course, he laughs and says OB is common sense,you don't need a course on it and that if you take strategic management, it gives you thesame information. Ben comments that the only thing he needs to worry about is the jobperformance of his employees. Having just studied this chapter, respond to the followingquestions and Ben's comments and beliefs.If Ben truly wants to be an effective manager at this restaurant, he should be concernedwith which of these?29)______A)organizational mechanismsB)individual characteristicsC)group mechanismsD)individual mechanismsE)all of these30)Scenario: You Be the ConsultantYou have been just hired as an assistant to a leading consultant at Consultants-R-UsInternational. The firm specializes in employee personality. A recent client made thiscomment to your boss: "because people come and go in an organization, financialresources are the only resources that matter." Your boss gives you the assignment toshow the client how and why people matter.Consultants-R-Us specializes in employee personality. According to the integrativemodel of OB, the firm is specializing in:30)______A)an organizational mechanismB)an individual characteristicC)an individual outcomeD)a group mechanismE)none of these31)According to the integrative model of organizational behaviour, trust, justice, and ethicsare:31)______A)individual outcomes.B)individual mechanisms.C)group outcomes.D)organizational mechanisms.E)group mechanisms.32)Which of the following reflects the degree to which employees feel that their companydoes business with fairness, honesty, and integrity?32)______A)Team processesB)Job satisfactionC)MotivationD)Trust, justice, and ethicsE)Personality and ability

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33)Which of the following deals with how employees gain job knowledge and how they usethat knowledge to make accurate judgments on the job?33)______A)Personality and abilityB)Team processesC)MotivationD)Trust, justice, and ethicsE)Learning and decision making34)Which of the following affects the way people behave at work, the kinds of tasks theyare interested in, and how they react to events that happen on the job?34)______A)Team characteristicsB)Trust, justice, and ethicsC)Personality and cultural valuesD)AbilityE)Learning and decision making35)Which of the following describes the cognitive abilities, emotional skills, and physicalabilities that employees bring to a job?35)______A)Trust, justice, and ethicsB)Team characteristicsC)Personality and cultural valuesD)AbilityE)Learning and decision making36)Which of the following influences the kinds of tasks an employee is good at and thosewith which an employee may struggle?36)______A)AbilityB)Learning and decision makingC)Cultural valuesD)PersonalityE)Trust, justice, and ethics37)A resource is more valuable if it is:37)______A)RareB)ImitableC)SimpleD)TransparentE)all of these38)People are inimitable for all of the following reasons except:38)______A)they make numerous small decisionsB)unfortunately, people are not inimitableC)they purchase new technologyD)they create socially complex resourcesE)they create a history39)Scenario: You Be the ConsultantYou have been just hired as an assistant to a leading consultant at Consultants-R-UsInternational. The firm specializes in employee personality. A recent client made thiscomment to your boss: "because people come and go in an organization, financialresourcesaretheonlyresourcesthatmatter.

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" Yourbossgivesyou theassignment toshowtheclienthow andwhypeoplematter.Usingthe_______, youshouldbe ableto showtheclientthatpeopleare rareandinimitable.39)______A)resource-based view of the organizationB)method of intuitionC)method of authorityD)rule of one-eighthE)cost-based approach40)Scenario: You Be the ConsultantYou have been just hired as an assistant to a leading consultant at Consultants-R-UsInternational. The firm specializes in employee personality. A recent client made thiscomment to your boss: "because people come and go in an organization, financialresources are the only resources that matter." Your boss gives you the assignment toshow the client how and why people matter.When explaining to the client, you should explain the inimitability of people by drawingon all of the following concepts except:40)______A)Numerous small decisionsB)HistoryC)Socially complex resourcesD)One big decisionE)all of these concepts should be drawn upon

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41)Which of the following summarizes the qualities that teams possess, such as their norms,their roles, and the way members depend on one another?41)______A)Team processesB)Team characteristicsC)Team innovationD)Team responsibilitiesE)Team problem solving42)Which of the following summarizes how teams behave, including topics likecooperation, conflict, and communication?42)______A)Team responsibilitiesB)Team processesC)Team innovationD)Team problem solvingE)Team characteristics43)Which of the following summarizes the process by which individuals attain authorityover others?43)______A)Leader styles and behavioursB)Team responsibilitiesC)Leader power and influenceD)Team characteristicsE)Team processes44)Which of the following captures the specific actions that leaders take to influence othersat work?44)______A)Leader power and influenceB)Leadership styles and behavioursC)Team characteristicsD)Team responsibilitiesE)Team processes45)Which of the following mechanism captures "the way things are" in an organization?45)______A)Organizational abilityB)Organizational structureC)Organizational leadershipD)Job performanceE)Organizational culture46)Which of the following statements about the resource-based view of organizations isfalse?46)______A)It suggests that the value of resources depend on a single factor.B)It describes what makes resources capable of creating long-term profits for the firm.C)A firm's resources include financial and physical resources.D)A firm's resources include resources related to organizational behaviour.E)It describes what exactly makes resources valuable.47)According to resource-based view, a resource is more valuable when it is rare and:47)______A)common.B)regular.C)transparent.

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D)inimitable.E)simple.48)Which concept captures the idea that people make many small decisions day in and dayout, week in and week out?48)______A)Meta-analysisB)Resource-based viewC)Numerous small decisionsD)Socially complex resourcesE)Rule of one-eighth49)According to the survey of executives of 968 publicly held firms, the results revealedthat a one-unit increase in the proportion of the workforce involved in the highperformance work practices was associated with all of these except:49)______A)$3,800 more in profitsB)an approximately 7 percent decrease in turnoverC)$27,000 more in sales per employeeD)$18,000 more in market valueE)$638 more in employee bonuses50)According to the survey of executives of 968 publicly held firms, the results revealedthat a one-unit increase in the proportion of the workforce involved in the highperformance work practices was associated with which of these?50)______A)$3,800 more in profitsB)$627,000 more in sales per employeeC)An approximately 37 percent increase in turnoverD)$918,000 more in market valueE)$1,638 more in employee bonuses51)In exploring the importance of OB to company performance, the survey of executives of968 publicly held firms included of all of these outcomes except:51)______A)market valueB)turnoverC)profitabilityD)productivityE)firm survival52)According to the study focused on initial public offerings, firms who valued OB had a_______ percent higher survival rate than firms who did not value OB.52)______A)3B)71C)47D)19E)5053)According to the Rule of One-Eighth,53)______A)75 percent of organizations won't believe the connection between how they managetheir people and the profits they earnB)At least 88 percent of organizations will do everything necessary to put people firstand thereby build profitsC)38 percent of the organizations try to make a single change to solve their problemsD)One in eight organizations miserably fail at making the people to profit connectionE)At best 12 percent of organizations will actually do what is required to build profitsby putting people first

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54)Scientific studies are based on the scientific method originated by Sir54)______A)Robert HoganB)Francis BaconC)Frederick TaylorD)Charles DarwinE)Jeffery Pfeffer55)A collection of assertions that specify how and why variables are related, as well as theconditions in which they should (and should not) be related refers to a55)______A)DataB)HypothesisC)VerificationD)TheoryE)Construct56)_______ are written predictions that specify relations between variables.56)______A)ConstructB)VerificationsC)HypothesesD)DataE)Theories57)_______ summarize the statistical relationships between variables.57)______A)CorrelationsB)Methods of knowingC)ObservationsD)CollectionsE)Data58)Which of these abbreviations represent the correlation?58)______A)cB)xC)dD)rE)h59)Correlation can be positive or negative and can range from:59)______A)-1 to +10B)-1 to +1C)1 to 1D)-5 to +.5E)None of these60)In organizational behaviour research, a correlation of .50 is considered:60)______A)WeakB)PerfectC)ModerateD)UselessE)Strong61)In organizational behaviour research, a correlation of .30 is considered:61)______A)WeakB)PerfectC)StrongD)ModerateE)Useless62)In organizational behaviour research, a correlation of .10 is considered:62)______A)moderateB)perfectC)uselessD)strongE)weak63)In organizational behaviour research, a correlation of + 1 is considered:63)______A)UselessB)Unimpressive

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C)WeakD)PerfectE)Moderate64)Which of these takes all the correlations found in studies of a particular relationship andcalculates a weighted average of them?64)______A)resource-based viewB)strategic managementC)meta-analysisD)human resource managementE)method of intuition65)A meta-analysis conducted on the effects of social recognition and job performanceacross studies conducted in 96 different organizations in the service industry indicates anaverage correlation of _______.65)______A)0.35B)0.21C)0.5D)0.03E)0.66TRUE/FALSE.Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.66)The theories and concepts found in OB are actually drawn from two disciplines: humanresources management and strategic management.66)______67)Human resource management focuses on the product choices and industry characteristicsthat affect an organization's profitability.67)______68)The integrative model of OB in the text presents five individual mechanisms that directlyaffect the individual outcomes: motivation; learning and decision making; jobperformance; stress; and trust, justice, and ethics.68)______69)Team diversity and communication play an important role in achieving the primaryoutcomes of job performance and organizational commitment.69)______70)The integrative model acknowledges that employees work in one or more work teamsled by some formal leader.70)______71)Group mechanisms shape satisfaction, stress, motivation, trust, and learning.71)______72)Personality and cultural values are two factors that reflect the characteristics ofindividual employees.72)______73)Personality, cultural values, and ability reflect the various traits and tendencies thatdescribe how people act.73)______74)The resource-based view suggests that a resource is more valuable when it can beimitated.74)______75)People create history—a collective pool of experience, wisdom, and knowledge thatbenefits the organization.75)______76)Resources like culture, teamwork, trust, and reputation are termed "socially complex"because it is not always clear which organizations do (and do not) possess them, thoughit is clear how they came to develop.76)______

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77)Big decisions can be copied; they are visible to competitors and observable by industryexperts and analysts.77)______78)Since good people create history and socially complex resources, they are easy toimitate.78)______79)The Rule of One-Eighth suggests that about 88 percent of the companies will actually dowhat is required to build profits by putting people first.79)______80)Firms that invest in organizational behaviour, typically have higher survival rates.80)______81)According to research conducted using the prospectus of IPO companies, firms whovalued OB had a 19 percent higher survival rate than firms who did not value OB.81)______82)Firms that do not undergo an IPO typically have shorter histories and need an infusion ofcash to grow or introduce some new technology.82)______83)The integrative model of OB was designed with the Rule of One-Eighth in mind.83)______84)It is often easy to "fix" companies that struggle with OB issues.84)______85)If people hold firmly to some belief because it seems obvious or self-evident, they areusing their intuition.85)______86)Scientific methods begin with hypotheses and require that these be used to inspiretheories.86)______87)If people hold firmly to some belief because scientific studies have tended to replicateresults using a series of samples, settings, and methods, then they are using theirintuition.87)______88)Hypotheses take all the correlations found in studies of a particular relationship andcalculate a weighted average.88)______89)The best way to get a feel for the correlation between two variables is to look at ascatterplot—a graph made from those two columns of numbers.89)______90)Correlation does not imply causation.90)______91)Understanding correlation is important because OB questions are not "yes or no" innature.91)______92)Meta-analysis offers more compelling support for the potential benefits of socialrecognition than the methods of experience, intuition, or authority could have provided.92)______ESSAY.Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.93)Define organizational behaviour. How does it differ from human resource management?94)Illustrate the integrative model of organizational behaviour using a diagram.95)Identify the key individual outcomes in the studies of organizational behaviour and describe thefactors that affect these key outcomes.

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96)Using the resource-based view of the organization, explain how people are a valuable resource.Provide an example to justify your position.97)How do we "know" what we know about Organizational Behaviour? Indicate the four differentways of knowing things.98)Scientific studies are based on the scientific method originated by Sir Francis Bacon in the 1600s.Indicate the four components of The Scientific Method, and describe the role of each of itscomponents.99)Explain the difference between correlation and causal inference.

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1)E2)A3)B4)B5)B6)D7)E8)A9)B10)C11)A12)C13)E14)D15)C16)D17)D18)E19)D20)E21)A22)A23)B24)C25)B26)C27)E28)C29)E30)B31)B32)D33)E34)C35)D36)A37)A38)C39)A40)D41)B42)B43)C44)B45)E46)A47)D48)C49)E50)A51)E

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