Solution Manual For Gerontological Nursing, 8th Edition

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Assignments, Chapter 1, The Aging Population
Written Assignment Learning Objective
Interview an older adult that fits within the baby boomer or traditional
generation, and answer the following questions:
1. What is the “age identity” of the person you interviewed?
2. How have the contributions of these generations allowed us to enjoy
our lives today?
3. What do you see as differences and similarities compared with your
generation?
4. How will these differences and similarities impact how you deliver
care?
5. What do you think future generations will offer to our history?
1, 3
Group Assignment Learning Objective
Review information related to the baby boomer generation.
1. What can we as nurses expect from this cohort as they seek medical
care?
2. What are their beliefs?
3. What are some ways we can best prepare to care for them?
Share your findings with the group in a discussion format.
2
Clinical Assignment Learning Objective
Each student will choose one area (listed below) related to the older adult
population to report on. This verbal report is to include the significance of
the issue, current trends, and interventions that can be utilized by the nurse
to address specific needs and how we can assist the older adult through the
transitions.
 Life expectancy
 Marital status
 Living arrangements
 Geographic distribution
 Income and employment
 Education
 Health issues
2
Web Assignment Learning Objective
As our population ages, many of our older adults will find themselves in a
financial quandary. Research a program on the Internet related to economic
assistance or revenue-producing programs available for older adults.
Provide the web site used for your information and answer the following
questions:
 Provide a brief description of the program...is it local, county, state,
or federal?
 What are the requirements to enroll in the programs?
 How is this program funded?
3

Assignments, Chapter 2, Theories of Aging
Written Assignment Learning Objective
Review the chapter. Upon completion, each student is to write a brief paper
highlighting the following areas:
1. What are your personal beliefs on aging?
2. What factors do you personally believe influence how we age?
3. How do you believe we, as a profession, incorporate the theories of
aging into our practice...patient teaching?
4. Do you agree more with nonstochastic theories of aging or stochastic
theories of aging, and why?
1
Group Assignment Learning
Objectives
Students will break into four groups. Each group will focus on theories of
aging. Upon investigation of the various theories of aging:
 Each group will provide a brief synopsis of each theory in a given
category.
 Each group will then choose one of the theories investigated and
present the implications for nursing.
Group 1: Discuss stochastic theories, and the implication in nursing
Group 2: Discuss nonstochastic theories, and the implication in nursing
Group 3: Discuss sociological theories, and the implication in nursing
Group 4: Discuss physiological theories, and the implication in nursing
2, 3
Clinical Assignment Learning
Objectives
Develop a wellness seminar for an older adult population. Consider the
topic of “healthy aging.”
 What will you include as part of this topic?
 Describe in each presentation factors that promote healthy aging.
 Using a biological and psychosocial theory, incorporate at least one
of each type in your presentation.
2, 3, 4
Web Assignment Learning
Objectives
Students will complete a Google Internet search utilizing the term antiaging.
Answer the following questions:
1. What topics did you find on the first page of your search?
2. What items are listed to purport aging?
3. What factual information did you find?
4. What fallacies did you find?
5. How can we protect our patients from false claims?
1, 4
Note: Unless noted, references are from text chapter.

Assignments, Chapter 3, Diversity
Written Assignments Learning
Objective
The older population in the United States is becoming more ethnically and
racially diverse. In addition to racial and ethnic diversity, there will be growing
numbers of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons entering their senior
years who will present a unique set of challenges. The growing diversity of the
older population presents challenges for gerontological nursing in providing
culturally competent care.
Essential to the provision of culturally competent care is an understanding of:
 The experiences of individuals of similar ethnic or racial background
 Beliefs, values, traditions, and practices of various ethnic and racial
groups
 Unique health-related needs, experiences, and risks of various ethnic and
racial groups and persons of similar sexual orientation
 One’s own attitudes and beliefs toward people of various ethnic and racial
groups and persons of similar sexual orientation, as well as those attitudes
of co-practitioners
 Language barriers that can affect the ability of patients to communicate
health-related information, understand instructions, provide informed
consent, and fully participate in their care
Your assignment is to write a paper choosing one of the following groups of older
adults and address how you will provide cultural care for this group or the
individual.
 Hispanic Americans
 Black Americans
 Asian Americans
 Jewish Americans
 Native Americans
 Gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender
 Older prisoners
1
Group Assignment Learning
Objective
Complete a windshield assessment of your community. Choose one ethnic group
and complete an assessment of the following:
 Physical environment
 Education
 Safety and transportation
2

 Politics and government
 Health and social services
 Communication
 Economics
 Recreation
 Special ethnic-specific amenities
Did you find services to be adequate for the group you were assessing?
What can your community do to improve accessibility to required services?
What can we do to provide the appropriate services to the community?
Report your findings to your class.
Clinical Assignment Learning
Objective
Review your clinical site’s cultural assessment for the patients they serve. If your
facility does not have one, utilize the following tool to assist you in learning about
your clients’ needs:
TransCultural Nursing Assessment
Date _______ Time ______Pt Initials ________ Age ______ M F
Medical diagnosis:
______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_
Communication:
Language, voice quality, pronunciation, use of silence and nonverbals.
Subjective-
Can you speak English? YES NO
Can you read English? YES NO
Are you able to read lips? YES NO
Native Language? ____________________
Do you speak or read any other
language?______________________________
How do you want to be addressed? Mr. Mrs. Ms First Name
Nick Name__________________
Objective-
How would you characterize the nonverbal communication style?
______________________________________________________________
_Eye contact - Direct Peripheral gaze or no eye contact
Use of interpreter Family Friend Professional Other None
Verbally loud and expressive. Quiet, reserved use of silence
Meaning of common signs: List and describe:
3

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______________________________________________________________
__
Determine any familial colloquialisms used by individuals or families that
may impact on assessment, treatment or other interventions.
______________________________________________________________
__
______________________________________________________________
__
Social Orientation - cultural, ethnicity, family role function, work leisure,
church, and friends.
Subjective-
Country of birth? ____________________ Years in this country
___________
What setting did you grow up in -- urban suburban rural
What is your ethnic identity?
________________________________________
Who are the major support people: 0family members 0friends 0other
_________________________________
Who are the dominant family members?
_______________________________
Who makes major decisions for the family?
____________________________
Occupation in native country____________
Present Occupation____________________
Education______________________________________________________
_
Is religion important to you?
________________________________________
What is your religion affiliation? __________ would you like a Chaplain
visit? Y N
Any cultural/religious practices/restrictions? If yes describe
______________
______________________________________________________________
_
Objective-
Interaction with family\significant other - describe
_______________________
______________________________________________________________
__
Age and life cycle factors must be considered in interactions with individuals
and families( e.g. high value placed on the decision of elders, the role of
eldest male or female in families, or roles and expectation of children within
the family).

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_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__
Religious icons on person or in room ?
________________________________
Space - comfort in conversation, proximity to others, body movement,
perception of space.
Subjective-
Do you have any plans for the future?
_________________________________
What do you consider a proper greeting?
______________________________
Objective-
Tactile relationships, affectionate & embracing.
Non-contact
Personal space?
__________________________________________________
Biological Variations - skin color, body structure, genetic and enzymatic
patterns, nutritional preferences and deficiencies.
Subjective-
What type of food do you prefer?
____________________________________
What type of food to you dislike?
____________________________________
What do you believe promotes health?
________________________________
Family history of disease?
__________________________________________
Objective-
Skin color ______________________
Hair type _______________________
Environmental Control - health practices, values, definitions of health and
illness.
Subjective-
What do you think caused your problem?
______________________________
Do you have an explanation for why it started when it did? _____ _____

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_____
What does your sickness do to you; how does it work? ______
____________
How severe is your sickness? How long do you expect it to last?
______________________________________________________________
_
What problems has your sickness caused you?
__________________________
What do you fear about your sickness?
________________________________
What kind of treatment do you think you should
receive?__________________
What are the most important results you hope to receive from this
treatment?______________________________________________________
_
______________________________________________________________
__
What are the health and illness beliefs and practices of the family?
__________
______________________________________________________________
__
What are the most important things you do to keep healthy?
_______________
______________________________________________________________
__
Any concerns about health and illness?
________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__
What types of healing practices do you engage in (hot tea and lemon for cold,
copper bracelet for arthritis, magnets)
?________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__
Objective-
Described patients appearance and surroundings
______________________________________________________________
_
What diseases/disorders are endemic to the culture or country of origin?
______________________________________________________________
_
What are the customs and beliefs concerning major life events?
______________________________________________________________
_

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Time - use of measures, definitions, social and work time, time orientation --
past, present, and future.
Subjective-
Preventive health measures ? Y N
Objective-
Time orientation Present Past
Reference: Fernandez, V. & Fernandez, K. TransCultural Nursing
Assessment. (2012). Retrieved October 7, 2012 from
http://www.culturediversity.org/assmtform.htm
Web Assignment Learning
Objective
The older population in the United States is becoming more ethnically and
racially diverse. In review of the profession of nursing, the question remains...Are
we, as a profession, keeping up with ethnic and racial diversity to best care for the
populations we serve?
Review the article:
Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health: A Nursing Student’s
Perspective
http://www.nsna.org/Portals/0/Skins/NSNA/pdf/Imprint_AprMay09_BTN.PDF
The authors define five ways in which students can "motivate, encourage and
demand change in the very communities that we live."
Utilizing each aspect found, please list methods in which you can improve the
disparities found in your community.
3
Note: References are from course text unless otherwise noted.

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Assignments, Chapter 4, Life Transitions and Story
Written Assignment Learning
Objectives
Ageism is a concept introduced decades ago and defined as “the prejudices
and stereotypes that are applied to older people sheerly on the basis of their
age …” (Butler, Lewis, & Sutherland, 1991).
1. What are some common misconceptions you have heard or
believed about older adults?
2. What can you do to dispel these myths?
3. What are some of the consequences of ageism?
1, 7
Group Assignment Learning
Objectives
Form small groups. Each group will review a family role and/or relationship
and interact and role-play before the remaining groups related to their topic.
Each group is to assess the dynamics and identify the role or relationship.
Upon conclusion the groups will share their feelings and nursing
implications of each role.
Randomly select from the following:
Parenting
Grandparenting
Loss of spouse
Retirement
2, 3, 4
Clinical Assignments Learning Objective
1. Utilize the nursing diagnosis of ineffective role performance for
your client who has been recently retired. Ineffectiveness in role
performance exists when there is a change in the perception or
performance of a role. This can be associated with a physical,
emotional, intellectual, motivational, educational, or socioeconomic
limitation in the ability to fill the role, or restrictions in role
performance imposed by others. There can be considerable distress,
depression, or anger at not fulfilling the accustomed role and its
associated responsibilities.
List some nursing interventions that can be utilized for this
diagnosis.
4
2. To assist your patient with life transitions, complete a project based
on life review/life story. Gain permission from the patient and assist
him or her in to recording his or her story for future generations.
This can be accomplished through video, story book, or a written
document.
6
Web Assignment Learning Objective

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Many of the changes associated with aging result in loss of social
connections and increasing risk of loneliness. What facilities can you find in
your local area to offer to your clients to improve socialization and decrease
the risk of loneliness?
Your assignment is to investigate on the Internet alternatives for loneliness
such as senior centers. Provide information regarding the site name, web
address, cost, type of facility, and benefit to your patient.
5

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Assignments, Chapter 5, Common Aging Changes
Written Assignment Learning
Objectives
Each student is to prepare a pamphlet on one aspect of the normal change of
aging. Inclusive in the design will be:
1. What is considered normal.
2. What constitutes an abnormal change and when to seek health care
provider care.
3. Interventions to improve/reduce the risk of adverse effects.
1, 2, 3
Group Assignment Learning
Objectives
An understanding of common aging changes is essential to ensure
competent gerontological nursing practice. Break into small groups. Invite
older adults and middle age adults and assure there are “traditional” students
in the class. Compare and contrast the changes of aging within each cohort.
 What are your findings?
 What are some ways that you can prevent or delay the consequences
of aging?
Share your observations and interventions for healthful aging with your
class.
2, 3
Clinical Assignment Learning Objective
Each student will develop a concept map to use as a study guide and
reference sheet that highlights the normal changes of aging.
The concept map will address the following:
 Cellular changes
 Physical appearance
 Neurological (nervous) system
 Respiratory system
 Cardiovascular system
 Gastrointestinal system
 Urinary system
 Reproductive system
 Musculoskeletal system
 Sensory organs
 Endocrine system
 Integumentary system
1
Web Assignment Learning
Objectives
Students will access the Try this Series http://consultgerirn.org/
Search the term “respiratory.”
1. What resources are available to you as a geriatric nurse?
1, 2, 3

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Assignments, Chapter 6, The Specialty of Gerontological Nursing
Written Assignment Learning
Objectives
In the past few decades, the specialty of gerontological nursing has
experienced profound growth. Along with the growth of the specialty, there
has been a heightened awareness of the complexity of gerontological
nursing utilizing the nursing metaparadigm shown below. Investigate your
own personal philosophy of older adult nursing exploring the following
concepts:
1. Person
2. Environment
3. Health
4. Nursing
Reference: Metapradigm in Nursing. (2012). Nursing theories: Theoretical
models and frameworks of nursing. Retrieved October 8, 2012 from
http://nursingtheories.info/metaparadigm-in-nursing/
3, 4, 5
Group Assignment Learning
Objectives

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 Complete a timeline of significant strides taken in gerontological
nursing.
 Identify key points/achievements in our history.
 Project the future gerontological nursing, including new
opportunities for our profession.
 Discuss your work with the class.
1, 5
Clinical Assignment Learning Objective
Each student will present to the clinical group a research report related
to gerontological care/best practice
Guidelines for Research Report: “Evidence-Based Practice”
Each student will report on current nursing or allied health research (within
the past 2 years) that is applicable to the older adult. Evidence-based
practice is an approach to health care that allows clinicians to utilize sound
research data and incorporate findings into clinical practice.
This is an ORAL report to be presented in a post clinical conference as per
the clinical schedule. Each report is to be not more than a 5-minute
presentation. The referenced article you use is to be turned (with your
name) to your clinical faculty.
The following areas are to be addressed in your presentation:
1. What was the clinical problem that was studied?
2. What was the purpose of the study?
3. What was the research design and method?
2

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