Test Bank For Myers' Psychology for AP, 1st Edition

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Test Bank For Myers' Psychology for AP, 1st Edition delivers a complete question bank to help you study smarter and score higher.

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1 Flow is characterized by a ________ awareness of self and a(n)
________ awareness of the passing of time.
 sensory; diminished Incorrect
 diminished; subliminal Incorrect
 heightened; heightened Incorrect
 diminished; diminished (True Answer )Correct
 sensory; subliminal Incorrect
2 Those who view their work as a necessary but personally
unfulfilling way to make money are said to view work as a
 flow. Incorrect
 contract. Incorrect
 job. (True Answer )Correct
 calling. Incorrect
 career. Incorrect
3 Andrea views her work as primarily an opportunity to climb up
the corporate ladder in pursuit of increasingly better positions.
Andrea apparently views her work as a
 calling. Incorrect
 job. Incorrect
 contract. Incorrect
 career. (True Answer )Correct
 flow. Incorrect
4 Work is most likely to satisfy the higher-level needs in Maslow's
hierarchy for those who
 work only part-time. Incorrect
 view their work as a calling. (True Answer )Correct
 are strongly motivated by high wages. Incorrect
 are supervised by managers with a directive style. Incorrect
 view work as a means to an end. Incorrect
5 Work is LEAST likely to satisfy the higher-level needs in
Maslow's hierarchy for those who
 receive 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 frequently experience flow. Incorrect
 view their work as a job. (True Answer )Correct
 are self-employed. Incorrect

 work in the service industry. Incorrect
6 Those who view their work as a fulfilling and socially useful
activity are said to view work as
 a job. Incorrect
 a calling. (True Answer )Correct
 a career. Incorrect
 contractual. Incorrect
 temporary. Incorrect
7 After studying artists who would spend hour after hour painting
or sculpting with enormous concentration, Csikszentmihalyi
formulated the concept of
 transformation leadership. Incorrect
 strengths-based selection. Incorrect
 achievement motivation. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 flow. (True Answer )Correct
8 A completely focused state of consciousness resulting from
optimal engagement of one's skills is called
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 task leadership. Incorrect
 flow. (True Answer )Correct
 achievement motivation. Incorrect
 grit. Incorrect
9 Which of the following is the most complete definition of the
flow state as described by Csikszentmihalyi?
 a completely focused state of consciousness resulting from
optimal engagement of one's skills (True Answer )Correct
 the pinnacle of psychological achievement, exemplified by a
lack of ego and concern for all other people Incorrect
 a clinical situation in which the patient feels completely
accepted by the therapist Incorrect
 the extreme focus experienced by people engaged in multi-
media activities, such as video games and television
viewing. Incorrect
 the feeling of lost time experienced during hallucinatory
states Incorrect

10 A high level of satisfaction with one's work is most likely to be
reported by those who frequently experience
 flow. (True Answer )Correct
 human factors. Incorrect
 unstructured interviews. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 evaluation. Incorrect
11 Matt is a high school sophomore who often becomes so fully
absorbed in his course studies that he completely loses his
awareness of how long he has been working. Matt's experience
best illustrates
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 strengths-based training. Incorrect
 assistive listening. Incorrect
 flow. (True Answer )Correct
 extrinsic motivation. Incorrect
12 Which profession is most likely to be concerned with the effect
of supervisors' management styles on worker motivation and
productivity?
 developmental psychology Incorrect
 social psychology Incorrect
 industrial-organizational psychology (True Answer )Correct
 cognitive psychology Incorrect
 personality psychology Incorrect
13 Which profession is most directly involved in the application of
psychology's principles to the workplace?
 social psychology Incorrect
 personality psychology Incorrect
 cognitive psychology Incorrect
 developmental psychology Incorrect
 industrial-organizational psychology (True Answer )Correct
14 Matching people with existing jobs is to ________ psychology as
modifying jobs and supervision is to ________ psychology.
 human factors; organizational Incorrect
 organizational; human factors Incorrect
 personnel; organizational (True Answer )Correct

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 organizational; personnel Incorrect
 industrial; organizational Incorrect
15 Dr. Eisenberg develops assessment tools for use by company
supervisors to appraise the performance of workers and make
decisions about job promotions. His work best illustrates that of
a(n) ________ psychologist.
 clinical Incorrect
 personnel (True Answer )Correct
 organizational Incorrect
 human factors Incorrect
 industrial Incorrect
16 Developing assessment tools for selecting and placing employees
is of most direct relevance to
 social psychology. Incorrect
 clinical psychology. Incorrect
 organizational psychology. Incorrect
 human factors psychology. Incorrect
 personnel psychology. (True Answer )Correct
17 Human factors psychologists are most likely to be involved in
 designing training programs to prepare unemployed persons
for existing jobs. Incorrect
 exploring how machines can be optimally designed to fit
human abilities. (True Answer )Correct
 assessing the impact of supervisors' management styles on
business productivity. Incorrect
 matching people's strengths with specific job
assignments. Incorrect
 creating psychological instruments that assess employees'
strengths and weaknesses. Incorrect
18 Human factors psychology is one of the three main subfields of
 clinical psychology. Incorrect
 personnel psychology. Incorrect
 social psychology. Incorrect
 industrial-organizational psychology. (True Answer )Correct
 developmental psychology. Incorrect

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19 Personnel psychologists are most likely to be involved in
 matching people's strengths with specific job
assignments. (True Answer )Correct
 modifying work environments so as to improve employee
engagement. Incorrect
 contributing to the design of user-friendly industrial
machines. Incorrect
 assessing the effect of supervisors' management styles on
business productivity. Incorrect
 documenting the most efficient time-management techniques
by productive employees. Incorrect
20 After discovering that their company's best software developers
are highly analytical, personnel psychologists focused their
employment ads for additional software developers less on
applicants' experience and more on their ability to engage in
logical problem solving. This best illustrates their commitment
to
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 social leadership. Incorrect
 structured interviews. Incorrect
 a strengths-based selection system. (True Answer )Correct
 task leadership. Incorrect
21 Work activities that are specifically suited to your strengths are
most likely to be those associated with the experience of
 flow. (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 implementation intentions. Incorrect
 external rewards. Incorrect
 human factors. Incorrect
22 A performance evaluation program revealed that the most
effective salespeople in a large company are sincere and
energetic in their work. This led the company's psychological
consultants to develop a simulation that would assess the extent
to which applicants for company sales positions communicate in
a forthright and animated manner. This most clearly illustrates
the consultants' commitment to
 structured interviews. Incorrect

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 human factors psychology. Incorrect
 a strengths-based selection system. (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 operant conditioning theory. Incorrect
23 How do unstructured interviews compare with aptitude tests
and job knowledge tests in predicting on-the-job performance?
 they are better than aptitude tests, but worse than job
knowledge tests Incorrect
 they are as good as aptitude tests, but better than job
knowledge tests Incorrect
 they are better than aptitude tests, and better than job
knowledge tests Incorrect
 they are worse than aptitude tests, and worse than job
knowledge tests (True Answer )Correct
 they are worse than aptitude tests, but as good as job
knowledge tests Incorrect
24 Which of the following is generally the poorest predictor of
future job performance?
 aptitude tests Incorrect
 job knowledge tests Incorrect
 simulated job performance tests Incorrect
 evaluations from informal interviews (True Answer )Correct
 strengths-based testing Incorrect
25 Interviewers are disposed to judge job applicants more
favorably when informed that the applicants
 are applying for their very first career position. Incorrect
 have been prescreened by other company personnel. (True
Answer )Correct
 are nervous and worried about making a good
impression. Incorrect
 have a strong desire to work hard if paid well. Incorrect
 are talented and have high IQs. Incorrect
26 Mr. Walters has many years of experience as a personnel officer
for a large corporation. He does not review most job applicants'
reference files because he is confident of his ability to predict
their future work performance based on his direct face-to-face
conversations with them. Mr. Walters' confidence best

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illustrates
 social leadership. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 the halo error. Incorrect
 transformational leadership. Incorrect
 the interviewer illusion. (True Answer )Correct
27 When meeting job applicants, employers often discount the
influence of varying situations on applicants' behaviors and
presume that what they observe applicants do and say reflects
the applicants' enduring personality traits. This most clearly
contributes to
 severity errors. Incorrect
 the interviewer illusion. (True Answer )Correct
 strengths-based selection systems. Incorrect
 the experience of flow. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
28 If interviewers instantly like a job applicant because of his or
her good looks, they may judge the person's complimentary
remarks as indicating ―polite manners‖ rather than
―manipulative flattery.‖ This best illustrates the impact of
________ on the interpretation of interviewees' responses.
 transformational leadership Incorrect
 interviewers' preconceptions (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback Incorrect
 achievement motivation Incorrect
 subjective well-being Incorrect
29 Danielle, an applicant for a position in corporate financial
accounting, was so animated and enthusiastic in her
conversations with company officials that they decided to hire
her without carefully checking her resumé and past work
accomplishments. The company officials should most clearly be
informed about
 human factors psychology. Incorrect
 social leadership. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 the interviewer illusion. (True Answer )Correct
 the experience of flow. Incorrect

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30 By scripting specific job-relevant questions to be asked of all
those applying for a particular work position, a personnel
psychologist is most clearly developing a framework for
 maximizing productivity. Incorrect
 the experience of flow. Incorrect
 transformational leadership. Incorrect
 structured interviews. (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
31 Dr. Thompson is involved in scripting interview questions that
will effectively predict job applicants' success in specific work
positions. Her work best illustrates that of a(n) ________
psychologist.
 personnel (True Answer )Correct
 organizational Incorrect
 human factors Incorrect
 clinical Incorrect
 humanistic Incorrect
32 Structured interviews have more ________ than unstructured
interviews.
 unit bias Incorrect
 leniency errors Incorrect
 predictive accuracy (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback Incorrect
 statistical reliability Incorrect
33 Scales and checklists on which supervisors indicate the extent to
which a worker is productive, follows correct procedures, and
attends to customers' needs are designed primarily for the
purpose of improving
 unstructured interviews. Incorrect
 social leadership. Incorrect
 performance appraisal. (True Answer )Correct
 a directive style of management. Incorrect
 industrial production. Incorrect
34 Full and clear communication regarding Kelsey's effectiveness
as a customer service manager is enhanced by the performance
appraisals she periodically receives from fellow managers,
subordinates, customers, and her supervisor. This best
illustrates the value of

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 experiencing flow. Incorrect
 structured interviews. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. (True Answer )Correct
 task leadership. Incorrect
 Maslow's motivational hierarchy. Incorrect
35 The practice of 360-degree feedback is especially likely to
involve
 unit bias. Incorrect
 the experience of flow. Incorrect
 behavior checklists and rating scales. (True Answer )Correct
 command and control management. Incorrect
 strengths testing. Incorrect
36 The practice of 360-degree feedback is most clearly designed to
improve
 achievement motivation. Incorrect
 the experience of flow. Incorrect
 task management. Incorrect
 unstructured interviews. Incorrect
 performance appraisal. (True Answer )Correct
37 Carlos is so friendly and likable that his job supervisors and co-
workers often appraise his work skills and performance more
positively than is actually warranted. This best illustrates
evaluators' vulnerability to
 strengths-based performance. Incorrect
 the interviewer illusion. Incorrect
 intrinsic motivation. Incorrect
 the experience of flow. Incorrect
 halo errors. (True Answer )Correct
38 Performance appraisal scales that specify in detail the precise
behaviors that are indicative of poor, adequate, good, and
excellent worker performance are most likely to inhibit
 severity errors. (True Answer )Correct
 the experience of flow. Incorrect
 structured interviews. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 task leadership. Incorrect

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39 Paul is seldom absent from work. However, an illness the
previous week forced him to miss work for a day, and his
supervisor evaluated his performance less positively than was
warranted. This best illustrates the supervisor's vulnerability to
 the interviewer illusion. Incorrect
 leniency errors. Incorrect
 recency errors. (True Answer )Correct
 unit bias. Incorrect
 human factors. Incorrect
40 Jeff, who is 14, engages in rigorous tennis drills or competitive
play at least four hours every day because he wants to master
the sport and play on one of the best college teams in the
country. His goal and behavior best illustrate
 performance appraisal. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 human factors psychology. Incorrect
 achievement motivation. (True Answer )Correct
 task leadership. Incorrect
41 When researchers monitored the professional accomplishments
of more than 1500 highly intelligent individuals, they found that
the most successful were more ambitious, energetic, and
persistent. This best illustrates the importance of
 social leadership. Incorrect
 achievement motivation. (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 performance appraisal. Incorrect
 leniency errors. Incorrect
42 In studies of both secondary school and university students,
________ has been a better predictor of school performance
than intelligence scores have been.
 social leadership. Incorrect
 self-discipline. (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 family birth order. Incorrect
 leniency errors. Incorrect
43 A desire to pursue high standards and significant
accomplishments is indicative of
 drive reduction. Incorrect

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 directive management. Incorrect
 social leadership. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 achievement motivation. (True Answer )Correct
44 A small number of the contributors to any field typically
produce a disproportionately large share of its accomplishments
despite the fact that their less productive professional colleagues
are fairly comparable in raw ability. This best illustrates the
importance of
 social leadership. Incorrect
 achievement motivation. (True Answer )Correct
 strengths-based selection. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 performance appraisal. Incorrect
45 Those who demonstrate grit are especially likely to have a high
level of
 charisma. Incorrect
 social leadership. Incorrect
 achievement motivation. (True Answer )Correct
 management training. Incorrect
 task leadership. Incorrect
46 The passionate and persistent dedication to an ambitious long-
term goal that is often demonstrated by those with high
achievement motivation is most indicative of
 grit. (True Answer )Correct
 charisma. Incorrect
 outsourcing. Incorrect
 a directive style of management. Incorrect
 a strengths-based style of management. Incorrect
47 A business setting in which workers have regular opportunities
to do what they do best and perceive that they are part of
something significant is one that promotes
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 implementation intentions. Incorrect
 employee engagement. (True Answer )Correct
 unstructured interviews. Incorrect
 human factors. Incorrect

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48 Organizational psychologists are most likely to be involved in
 matching people's strengths with specific job
assignments. Incorrect
 modifying work environments to improve employee
engagement. (True Answer )Correct
 contributing to the design of user-friendly industrial
machines. Incorrect
 designing training programs to prepare unemployed persons
for existing jobs. Incorrect
 creating new categories of personality traits as determined by
empirical tests. Incorrect
49 Modifying management practices and work assignments to
increase employee engagement best illustrates the professional
concerns of
 human factors psychologists. Incorrect
 clinical psychologists. Incorrect
 personnel psychologists. Incorrect
 organizational psychologists. (True Answer )Correct
 psychometric psychologists. Incorrect
50 In the early 1800s, Robert Owen improved the work
environment in a Scotland cotton mill with humanitarian
reforms. The commercial success that followed best illustrates
the value of
 structured interviews. Incorrect
 employee engagement. (True Answer )Correct
 leniency errors. Incorrect
 a strengths-based selection system. Incorrect
 personality trait testing. Incorrect
51 Business units with high levels of employee engagement
experience
 higher rates of organizational productivity and lower rates of
employee turnover. (True Answer )Correct
 lower rates of organizational productivity and higher rates of
employee turnover. Incorrect
 equal rates of organizational productivity and higher rates of
employee turnover. Incorrect
 lower rates of organizational productivity and lower rates of

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employee turnover Incorrect
 equal rates of organizational productivity and lower rates of
employee turnover. Incorrect
52 Expecting every teacher on staff at a high school to teach the
same number of courses and engage in the same amount of
after-school activities would
 interfere with the practice of 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 help to promote social leadership. Incorrect
 fail to adequately develop the unique strengths of each
teacher. (True Answer )Correct
 facilitate the teachers' experience of flow. Incorrect
 work well, given the results of research on human factors
equity. Incorrect
53 By publicly praising their employees' positive behaviors,
managers often encourage their workers to continue laboring
productively. This best illustrates the value of
 reinforcement. (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 a democratic management style. Incorrect
 experiencing flow. Incorrect
 human factors. Incorrect
54 As a business manager, Julie often calls her employees' attention
to their occasional mistakes while withholding praise for their
many accomplishments. Julie fails to take full advantage of a
basic principle of
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 operant conditioning. (True Answer )Correct
 task leadership. Incorrect
 social leadership. Incorrect
 cognitive psychology. Incorrect
55 Antonio, a sixth-grader, has just brought home a 30-word
spelling test on which he spelled only 15 words correctly. If
Antonio's parents want to effectively encourage higher levels of
achievement in their son, they should tell him
 ―What's important is that you do your best
always.‖ Incorrect
 ―Try to raise your next test score 5 points by typing your new
spelling words into our computer.‖ (True Answer )Correct
 ―Test performance is often unrelated to how much you

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actually learned.‖ Incorrect
 ―If you don't perform better on your next test, you won't be
allowed to watch television before bedtime.‖ Incorrect
 ―You may not have a talent for spelling, and we'll talk with
your teacher about changing the test.‖ Incorrect
56 The on-time completion of major work projects is most clearly
facilitated by
 reducing flow. Incorrect
 scripting structured interviews. Incorrect
 receiving 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 stating implementation intentions. (True Answer )Correct
 positive reinforcements and punishments. Incorrect
57 Leaders who set target dates for the completion of specific
measurable goals best illustrate
 transformational leadership. Incorrect
 managing by objectives. (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 the experience of flow. Incorrect
 organizational psychology. Incorrect
58 Managers with a task-leadership style would be most likely to
 mediate a conflict between two argumentative
employees. Incorrect
 give employees a high degree of freedom to develop their own
work procedures. Incorrect
 remind employees of the exact deadlines for the completion of
work projects. (True Answer )Correct
 avoid closely monitoring the productivity of individual
employees. Incorrect
 form work groups who develop their own deadlines and
worker evaluation instruments. Incorrect
59 Managers who set standards and keep a group focused on its
goals are said to excel in
 task leadership. (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 a democratic management style. Incorrect

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 human factors psychology. Incorrect
 social leadership. Incorrect
60 Managers with a social leadership style would be most likely to
 ensure that individual employees contribute their fair share to
group projects. Incorrect
 discourage employees from critically discussing controversial
company policies. Incorrect
 inform employees of the exact deadlines for the completion of
work projects. Incorrect
 mediate a personal dispute between two argumentative
employees. (True Answer )Correct
 provide employees with relatively easy work
assignments. Incorrect
61 Women are more likely than men to exhibit the qualities
associated with
 unit bias. Incorrect
 recency errors. Incorrect
 transformational leadership. (True Answer )Correct
 command-and-control management. Incorrect
 human factors psychology. Incorrect
62 The great person theory of leadership suggested that all great
leaders
 demonstrate a directive style. Incorrect
 prefer task leadership. Incorrect
 use action plans. Incorrect
 share certain traits. (True Answer )Correct
 prefer social leadership. Incorrect
63 The same individual may be either considered a great or an
inferior coach depending on the strength of the team and its
competition. This best illustrates a shortcoming of
 a strengths-based selection system. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 a biopsychosocial approach. Incorrect
 the great person theory of leadership. (True Answer )Correct
 organizational psychology. Incorrect

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64 By transforming a command-and-control work management
process to a joint-vision process, companies are likely to foster
 unit bias. Incorrect
 leniency errors. Incorrect
 employee engagement. (True Answer )Correct
 a strengths-based selection system. Incorrect
 flow. Incorrect
65 A blend of goal-based vision, clear communication, and
optimism that inspires others to follow is most characteristic of
leaders who demonstrate
 charisma. (True Answer )Correct
 unit bias. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 command-and-control management. Incorrect
 task leadership. Incorrect
66 Motivating workers to identify with and commit themselves to a
group mission best illustrates
 a strengths-based selection system. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 a directive management style. Incorrect
 transformational leadership. (True Answer )Correct
 human factors psychology. Incorrect
67 Clearly communicating a vision of goals so as to inspire others to
follow is most indicative of
 strengths-based selection systems. Incorrect
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 a directive management style. Incorrect
 transformational leadership. (True Answer )Correct
 flow experiences. Incorrect
68 Employee engagement is most likely to be facilitated by
 transformational leadership. (True Answer )Correct
 unstructured interviews. Incorrect
 halo errors. Incorrect
 human factors psychology. Incorrect
 task management. Incorrect

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69 Effective managers often demonstrate ________ levels of task
leadership and ________ levels of social leadership.
 consistent; low Incorrect
 low; consistent Incorrect
 low; low Incorrect
 high; high (True Answer )Correct
 consistent; consistent Incorrect
70 If given a chance to express their own opinions during a
decision-making process, people will respond more positively to
the decision. This illustrates
 unit bias. Incorrect
 a voice effect. (True Answer )Correct
 360-degree feedback. Incorrect
 a strengths-based selection system. Incorrect
 flow. Incorrect
71 Human factors psychologists would be most likely to aid in the
design of
 computer keyboards. (True Answer )Correct
 weight-reduction programs. Incorrect
 protective clothing. Incorrect
 classroom management techniques. Incorrect
 employee evaluation tests. Incorrect
72 Psychologists who help design machines so that they make use of
our natural perceptions are called
 personnel psychologists. Incorrect
 organizational psychologists. Incorrect
 human factors psychologists. (True Answer )Correct
 psychophysicists. Incorrect
 industrial psychologists. Incorrect
73 Who would be most involved in designing user-friendly
programming controls for TVs and DVD and Blu-Ray players?
 organizational psychologists Incorrect
 human factors psychologists (True Answer )Correct
 social psychologists Incorrect
 parapsychologists Incorrect

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 psychophysicists. Incorrect
74 Designing aircraft instrument displays so as to minimize pilots'
misperception of flight data would be of most direct interest to
 parapsychologists. Incorrect
 personnel psychologists. Incorrect
 social psychologists. Incorrect
 human factors psychologists. (True Answer )Correct
 organizational psychologists. Incorrect
75 Describe how a company might initiate annual reviews of
employee performance without discouraging worker satisfaction
and engagement.

Students should explain that annual reviews of employee
performance should reinforce to employees that they ―matter‖
in their job and at the same time accurately assess their
performance. Studies indicate that job satisfaction increases as
job performance increases. If the annual performance review
accurately reflects an improvement in job performance, the
review may help increase worker satisfaction and engagement.
76 Describe the contrasting effects of task leadership and social
leadership on employee morale and productivity. Explain how
the effectiveness of each style of leadership may be affected by
the personality traits and cultural background of the employees.

Students should include definitions of task leadership and social
leadership somewhere in their answers. Task leadership is a
management style involving setting standards, organizing work,
and focusing attention on goals and may have either beneficial
or detrimental effects on employee morale and productivity.
Social leadership is a management style involving sharing the
rationale behind decisions, mediating conflicts, and emphasizing
team-building. Students should also explain that the
effectiveness of each style of leadership depends on factors
unique to employees, such as personality traits and cultural
background. There is no one best style of management for all
employees (no ―great person theory of leadership‖).
77 Using emotional, behavioral, or cognitive methods to alleviate
stress is known as
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 the fight-or-flight reaction. Incorrect

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 complementary medicine. Incorrect
 coping. (True Answer )Correct
 perceived control. Incorrect
78 Reducing stress directly by changing the way we interact with a
stressor best illustrates
 a Type A personality. Incorrect
 a Type B personality. Incorrect
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. (True Answer )Correct
 meditation. Incorrect
79 Trying to reduce stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor is
most characteristic of
 emotion-focused coping. (True Answer )Correct
 the fight-or-flight reaction. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
 the relaxation response. Incorrect
 optimism. Incorrect
80 To alleviate the stress of losing her job, Alicia enrolled in a work
retraining program that led to full-time employment. Alicia's
behavior best illustrates
 learned helplessness. Incorrect
 a fight-or-flight reaction. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. (True Answer )Correct
 a Type A profile. Incorrect
 biofeedback. Incorrect
81 To alleviate the stress he feels after failing the AP Psychology
Exam, Jeremy seeks social support from his friends and family.
Jeremy's behavior best illustrates
 a Type A personality. Incorrect
 a Type B personality. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
 emotion-focused coping. (True Answer )Correct
 biofeedback. Incorrect
82 Vanessa alleviated some of the stress associated with the death of
her husband by becoming more actively engaged in her work.
Her response best illustrates

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 a fight-or-flight reaction. Incorrect
 perceived external control. Incorrect
 emotion-focused coping. (True Answer )Correct
 a Type B personality. Incorrect
 perceived internal control. Incorrect
83 Addressing stressors with problem-focused coping would be
most characteristic of those with
 learned helplessness. Incorrect
 personal control. (True Answer )Correct
 a pessimistic outlook. Incorrect
 a fight-or-flight reaction. Incorrect
 secure attachments. Incorrect
84 To alleviate the stress of long work hours, Phara has arranged a
more convenient work schedule with her employer. Phara's
behavior best illustrates
 spontaneous remission. Incorrect
 a Type B personality. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. (True Answer )Correct
 a Type A personality. Incorrect
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
85 Hakim has terminal cancer. He reacts to the stress of his
condition by feeling grateful for his life and accepting his
oncoming death. His response best illustrates
 optimism. Incorrect
 emotion-focused coping. (True Answer )Correct
 a Type A personality. Incorrect
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 a Type B personality. Incorrect
86 When ―executive‖ and ―subordinate‖ rats received simultaneous
electric shocks, the ________ rat was subsequently more likely to
develop ________.
 ―subordinate‖; ulcers (True Answer )Correct
 ―executive‖; heart disease Incorrect
 ―executive‖; hypertension Incorrect
 ―subordinate‖; immunity to disease Incorrect
 ―executive‖; cancer Incorrect

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87 Research has indicated that rats become more vulnerable to
ulcers when exposed to ________ shock.
 predictable Incorrect
 uncontrollable (True Answer )Correct
 low-intensity Incorrect
 repeated Incorrect
 continuous. Incorrect
88 Primates at the top of the social pecking order are LESS likely
to contract coldlike viral infections than those with lower social
status. This best illustrates the value of
 optimism. Incorrect
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
 the fight-or-flight response. Incorrect
 perceived control. (True Answer )Correct
 complementary medicine. Incorrect
89 After being crowded into a small dormitory room with two other
roommates, 18-year-old Ferdinand feels he has little control
over his environment. His body is most likely to respond with
a(n)
 reduction of blood cholesterol level. Incorrect
 proliferation of lymphocytes. Incorrect
 decrease in blood-clotting speed. Incorrect
 outpouring of epinephrine. (True Answer )Correct
 activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. Incorrect
90 Captive animals are more vulnerable to disease than are wild
animals. This is best explained in terms of
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
 perceived loss of control. (True Answer )Correct
 social support. Incorrect
91 Elderly nursing home residents tend to decline faster and die
sooner than they would otherwise if they lack
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 alternative medicine. Incorrect
 perceived control. (True Answer )Correct

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 Type A personalities. Incorrect
 Type B personalities. Incorrect
92 British civil service workers in executive positions live longer
than those in clerical positions. This best illustrates the value of
 spontaneous remission. Incorrect
 perceived control. (True Answer )Correct
 the general adaptation syndrome. Incorrect
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
 optimism. Incorrect
93 A loss of perceived control tends to result in
 low blood pressure. Incorrect
 reduced immune responses. (True Answer )Correct
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
 low blood sugar levels. Incorrect
 type-A responses. Incorrect
94 Animal studies demonstrate that stressful situations involving a
loss of control lead to
 an outpouring of stress hormones. (True Answer )Correct
 a dramatic decrease in blood pressure. Incorrect
 increasing immune system response. Incorrect
 lower testosterone levels. Incorrect
 a drop in endorphin responses. Incorrect
95 Alex experiences little stress because he expects things to work
out the way he wants them to. This best illustrates the value of
 a Type A personality. Incorrect
 spontaneous remission. Incorrect
 optimism. (True Answer )Correct
 a Type B personality. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
96 Students who reported fewer coughs, aches, and pains near the
end of the semester were those who had previously been
identified as having a(n)
 optimistic outlook. (True Answer )Correct
 Type A personality. Incorrect

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 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
 Type B personality. Incorrect
 problem-based coping. Incorrect
97 During the first few weeks of law school, students were observed
to have stronger immune systems if they
 used emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
 were optimistic. (True Answer )Correct
 had high blood sugar levels. Incorrect
 utilized complementary and alternative medicine. Incorrect
 used energy therapies. Incorrect
98 Optimists are more likely than pessimists to experience
 high blood sugar levels. Incorrect
 problem-based coping. Incorrect
 perceived control. (True Answer )Correct
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
99 Amanda is stressed out because she thinks she's too socially
inept to make friends with her new classmates. Amanda best
illustrates the debilitating effects of
 spontaneous remission. Incorrect
 a Type A personality. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
 pessimism. (True Answer )Correct
 a Type B personality Incorrect
100 Research participants who received nasal drops laden with a
cold virus were LEAST likely to catch a cold if they had
 positive social ties. (True Answer )Correct
 Type A personalities. Incorrect
 Type B personalities. Incorrect
 CAM. Incorrect
 biofeedback. Incorrect
101 Which of the following is most likely to foster stronger immune
functioning?
 energy therapies Incorrect

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 social support (True Answer )Correct
 a Type A personality Incorrect
 the fight-or-flight response Incorrect
 a Type B personality Incorrect
102 Social support helps to promote cardiovascular health by
 lowering blood pressure. (True Answer )Correct
 inhibiting immune activity. Incorrect
 enhancing positive biofeedback. Incorrect
 redistributing bloodflow from internal organs to skeletal
muscles. Incorrect
 engaging spontaneous remission. Incorrect
103 Undergraduate women who had been sexually abused as
children were especially likely to report health problems if they
had
 grown up in a religious family. Incorrect
 kept the abuse a secret. (True Answer )Correct
 been victimized before age 5. Incorrect
 been victimized by a stranger rather than by a close
relative. Incorrect
 experienced a dissociative identity disorder. Incorrect
104 People have been found to suffer fewer health problems
following the death of their spouse if they
 stay busy and avoid thinking about their loss. Incorrect
 communicate their painful feelings of loss to close
friends. (True Answer )Correct
 spend time thinking about all the experiences they shared
with their loved one. Incorrect
 quickly make plans for developing a new romantic
relationship. Incorrect
 expel anger and frustration through cathartic
expression. Incorrect
105 AIDS patients have been found to experience reduced levels of
depression if they have
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 a Type A personality. Incorrect
 a dog or other pet companion. (True Answer )Correct

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 high blood sugar levels. Incorrect
 a Type B personality. Incorrect
106 After stockbrokers who lived alone had adopted a pet cat or
dog, they were able to face stress with less ________ than their
counterparts without pets.
 blood pressure increase (True Answer )Correct
 emotion-focused coping Incorrect
 production of lymphocytes Incorrect
 problem-focused coping Incorrect
 immune system activation Incorrect
107 Activities such as jogging or swimming are forms of
 stress appraisal. Incorrect
 relaxation. Incorrect
 aerobic exercise. (True Answer )Correct
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 energy therapies. Incorrect
108 Aerobic exercise has been most closely linked to a decrease in
 lymphocyte production. Incorrect
 depression. (True Answer )Correct
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
 the production of endorphins. Incorrect
 Type A personality traits. Incorrect
109 Mildly depressed female college students assigned to a program
of ________ reported a greater decrease in depression than
those assigned to a program of ________.
 problem-focused coping; emotion-focused coping Incorrect
 biofeedback; meditation Incorrect
 aerobic exercise; relaxation exercises (True Answer )Correct
 acupuncture; cognitive therapy Incorrect
 energy therapy; mind-body interventions Incorrect
110 Aerobic exercise is associated with
 increased levels of serotonin and stable levels of the
endorphins. Incorrect

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 decreased levels of serotonin and increased levels of the
endorphins. Incorrect
 increased levels of serotonin and increased levels of the
endorphins. (True Answer )Correct
 decreased levels of serotonin and stable levels of the
endorphins. Incorrect
 stable levels of serotonin and increased levels of the
endorphins. Incorrect
111 Aerobic exercise is an effective way to
 reduce problem-focused coping. Incorrect
 reduce lymphocyte production. Incorrect
 reduce serotonin activity in the brain. Incorrect
 lower the blood pressure reaction to stress. (True Answer
)Correct
 decrease the immune system response. Incorrect
112 The growth of new neurons in mice has been found to be
promoted by
 acupuncture. Incorrect
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 aerobic exercise. (True Answer )Correct
 the placebo effect. Incorrect
 energy therapies. Incorrect
113 A system for electronically recording and amplifying
information about physiological states, and then
communicating that information back to a user is called
 biofeedback. (True Answer )Correct
 mind-body interventions. Incorrect
 energy therapy. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
 humanistic therapy. Incorrect
114 Aviad, a 50-year-old banking executive and Type A personality,
recently suffered a serious heart attack. To prevent a
recurrence, Aviad would probably benefit most from
 acupuncture therapies. Incorrect
 early retirement. Incorrect
 relaxation training. (True Answer )Correct

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 pain control medication. Incorrect
 energy therapy. Incorrect
115 The relaxation response associated with meditation is most
likely to
 decrease oxygen consumption and decrease blood
pressure. (True Answer )Correct
 increase glucose consumption and increase blood
pressure. Incorrect
 increase oxygen consumption and decrease pulse
rate. Incorrect
 decrease oxygen consumption and increase blood
pressure. Incorrect
 increase glucose consumption and increase pulse
rate. Incorrect
116 In a study of Type A heart attack survivors, Friedman and his
colleagues found that the most effective technique for
preventing recurrent heart attacks was
 acupressure therapies. Incorrect
 pain control medication. Incorrect
 relaxation training. (True Answer )Correct
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 body-based methods. Incorrect
117 During meditative relaxation, a part of the ________ lobe that
tracks where we are in space is ________ active than usual.
 frontal; less Incorrect
 parietal; less (True Answer )Correct
 occipital; more Incorrect
 parietal; more Incorrect
 temporal; less Incorrect
118 Volunteers who participated in an eight-week course of
meditation training exhibited increased levels of the ______
activity associated with positive emotions.
 left hemisphere (True Answer )Correct
 right hemisphere Incorrect
 somatic nervous system Incorrect
 autonomic nervous system Incorrect
 brainstem Incorrect

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119 A diminished sense of self, space, and time is most likely to be
associated with
 spontaneous remission. Incorrect
 aerobic exercise. Incorrect
 meditative relaxation. (True Answer )Correct
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
120 During meditative relaxation, a part of the ________ lobe
involved in focused attention is ________ active than usual.
 temporal; less Incorrect
 parietal; less Incorrect
 frontal; more (True Answer )Correct
 parietal; more Incorrect
 occipital; less Incorrect
121 Homeopathy and herbal remedies are forms of
 CAM. (True Answer )Correct
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 spontaneous remission. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
122 Which form of treatment has claimed to correct imbalances of
energy flow at identifiable points close to the skin?
 biofeedback Incorrect
 aromatherapy Incorrect
 acupuncture (True Answer )Correct
 herbal medicine Incorrect
 CAM Incorrect
123 One study of migraine headache patients found that the
majority of those who received ―sham acupuncture‖ enjoyed
relief. The patients' pain relief is most likely attributable to
 a decrease in lymphocyte production. Incorrect
 an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Incorrect
 problem-focused coping. Incorrect
 the placebo effect. (True Answer )Correct
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect

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124 Whether a health care treatment is mainstream medicine or an
alternative medicine depends on whether the treatment has
been
 frequently used and is currently popular. Incorrect
 administered by a licensed MD. Incorrect
 scientifically validated as effective. (True Answer )Correct
 used for diseases that are curable. Incorrect
 developed in an advanced, industrialized nation. Incorrect
125 People are most likely to inflate their assessments of the value
of alternative medicine for the treatment of
 coronary heart disease. Incorrect
 lung cancer. Incorrect
 arthritis. (True Answer )Correct
 Parkinson's disease. Incorrect
 schizophrenia. Incorrect
126 The correlation between religious involvement and life
expectancy best illustrates the health value of
 the Type B personality. Incorrect
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 the Type A personality. Incorrect
 the faith factor. (True Answer )Correct
 emotion-focused coping. Incorrect
127 Israelis living in nonreligious collective settlements were
observed to have ________ than those living in religiously
orthodox collective settlements.
 higher rates of death (True Answer )Correct
 better emotion-focused coping skills Incorrect
 higher lymphocyte levels Incorrect
 better problem-focused coping skills Incorrect
 higher rates of Type B personalities Incorrect
128 A U.S. National Health Interview Survey found that those who
attend religious services regularly were more likely than
nonattenders to experience
 infectious diseases. Incorrect
 a longer life span. (True Answer )Correct
 mind-body interventions. Incorrect

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 biofeedback. Incorrect
 CAM. Incorrect
129 Religiously active people have _______ socially supportive
relationships and ________ life-styles than those who are not
religiously active.
 fewer; equally healthy Incorrect
 fewer; healthier Incorrect
 more; less healthy Incorrect
 more; healthier (True Answer )Correct
 more; equally healthy Incorrect
130 The correlation between religiosity and longevity has been
observed to be
 nonexistent when only men are considered. Incorrect
 nonexistent when only women are considered. Incorrect
 stronger when only men are considered than when only
women are considered. Incorrect
 stronger when only women are considered than when only
men are considered. (True Answer )Correct
 negative when religiousity is measured objectively. Incorrect
131 A U.S. National Health Interview Survey found that after
controlling for age, sex, race, and region, the longest life
expectancies were associated with those who attended religious
services
 only very early in life. Incorrect
 less than once a year. Incorrect
 less than once a week. Incorrect
 once a week. Incorrect
 more than once a week. (True Answer )Correct
132 It has been suggested that a coherent worldview may contribute
to the stress protection associated with
 the type A personality. Incorrect
 the fight-or-flight response. Incorrect
 the faith factor. (True Answer )Correct
 biofeedback. Incorrect
 the Type B personality. Incorrect

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Test Bank For Myers' Psychology for AP, 1st Edition

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