An Analysis of Healthcare Payment Methods and Their Financial Impact on Providers

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An Analysis of Healthcare Payment Methods and Their Financial Impact on Providers(Don’t mess with the cover page, I will do it)1.For each of the following periods, identify and describe the events or circumstances that resulted in the change fromone period to thenext. (For example, during the period identified as “public-supported programs”, Medicare and Medicaid legislation was enacted.What were the circumstances that lead to the passage of this significant piece of legislation?). You might find pages 150-152 helpful.•1900s to 1942–Pre-healthcare insurance•1943 to 1965–Employer health insurance plans introduced•1965 to Late ’60s–Public-supported healthcare programs introduced (Medicare and Medicaid)•Late ’60s to 1990s–Cost-containment era•2000 to present–Public accessibility and provider accountabilityIn order to identify viable solutions to financing the current healthcare system, students need to have an understanding of howthe current system evolved and what factors influenced its evolution. The evolution of the current methods and financinghealthcare started at the turn of the 20th century with the concept of health insurance. In this exercise, the student is todescribe the evolution of financing the United States healthcare system starting from that period to the current time.1. 1900s to 1942–Pre-healthcare Insurance:During this period, healthcare was primarily paid for out-of-pocket. The United States healthcare system wascharacterized by a lack ofwidespread insurance, with people paying for medical services as they received them.Doctors and hospitals charged for their services directly, and there were no formal insurance programs to cover thesecosts. This period was marked by the absence of significant federal or employer-sponsored healthcare support.Circumstances Leading to Change:The growing industrialization in the early 20th century saw more workers in urbansettings, leading to an increased demand for healthcare services. However, the cost of healthcare was still a barrier formany. The Great Depression (1929-1939) was a pivotal moment in the evolution of healthcare financing. Economichardship and the inability of many families to pay for healthcare led to the realization that a more systematic way ofproviding health coverage was necessary.2. 1943 to 1965–Employer Health Insurance Plans Introduced:During the 1940s and 1950s, a critical development occurred with the introduction of employer-sponsored healthinsurance. The government incentivized employers to provide health insurance as a benefit to their employees,especially during the years of World War II, when wage controls were imposed and employers needed a way to attractworkers.Circumstances Leading to Change:In 1943, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) ruled that employer contributions tohealth insurance premiums were tax-deductible. This incentivized employers to offer health insurance plans, makinghealthcare coverage a common employee benefit in the post-war era. The introduction of employer-sponsored healthinsurance was a significant shift in how Americans accessed and financed healthcare, shifting the burden away fromindividuals and towards employers.3. 1965 to Late ’60s–Public-Supported Healthcare Programs Introduced (Medicare and Medicaid):The 1960s saw the introduction of public-supported healthcare programs, Medicare and Medicaid, whichrevolutionized healthcare financing in the U.S.Circumstances Leading to Change:In the early 1960s, many elderly Americans, as well as low-income individuals andfamilies, faced challenges in accessing and affording healthcare. Recognizing this issue, President Lyndon B. Johnsonsigned the Social Security Amendments of 1965 into law, creating Medicare and Medicaid. Medicare was designed toprovide healthcare coverage for elderly Americans, while Medicaid aimed to help low-income individuals and families.4. Late ’60s to 1990s–Cost-Containment Era:In the late 1960s, as healthcare costs began to rise dramatically, the U.S. entered what became known as the cost-containment era. During this time, efforts were made to curb the rising costs of healthcare, which had beenaccelerating since the introduction of Medicare and Medicaid.Circumstances Leading to Change:The introduction of Medicare and Medicaid, while improving access to healthcare,led to an increase in demand for services, which in turn drove up costs. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, thegovernment and private sector began to recognize the need to control these costs. In response, the governmentenacted a variety of measures to contain healthcare costs, such as the implementation of the Prospective Payment

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