LAS 432 PRESENTATION CELL PHONES OUR GROUP IDENTIFIED AND EXPLORED CELL PHONE TECHNOLOGY. BY UNDERSTANDING THIS TECHNOLOGY WE CAN DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING CONSIDERATIONS: ✓ Description and History of Cell Phones – Michael Barnett ✓ Political and Legal Influences – Llewellyn Byrd ✓ Moral and Ethical Implications – Llewellyn Byrd ✓ Environmental Factors – Gregory Bailey ✓ Economic Considerations – Gregory Bailey ✓ Psychological and Sociolog ical Effects – Jai Chang ✓ Culture Issues – Jai Chang Description of Cell Phone Technology and How It Works Michael Barnett What is Cell Phone Technology? A cell phone is an electronic telecommunications device that connects to a wireless communications network through radio waves or satellite transmissions (Seymour, 2011). HISTORY OF CELL PHONES Engineers at Bell Labs, Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young, proposed an architecture of hexagonal cells for mobile phone usage in vehicles in 1947. Amos E. Joel an engineer at Bell Labs invented an automatic call handoff system in 1970. Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher made the first analog mobile phone in 1973, called Motorola DynaTAC 8000X Contributors to cell phone invention, Richard W. Dronsuth, Albert J. Mikulski, Charles N. Lynk Jr., James J. Mikulski, John F. Mitchell, Roy A. Richardson, and John H. Sangster. How Cell Phone Technology Work Cell phone caller ‘A ‘calls cell phone ‘B’ Cell phone ‘A’ scans frequency through cell tower for best call signal The cell switch verifies caller ‘A’ is valid and checks for available voice channel The call goes through the MTSO (validation) and scans for cell phone ‘B’ through cell tower in area The cell tower locates cell phone ‘B’ and connects best call signal. MTSO INNOVATION OVER TIME ➢ IG Technology which used analog signals for voice calling and some data in 1980’s. ➢ 2G Technology used digital signals which enabled data services such as email, internet, and SMS (text) or MMS (multimedia) in 1990’s. ➢ 3G Technology expanded 2G and provided video and mobile TV in 2000. ➢ 4G or 4G LTE Technology exceeded 3G and offers faster processing of data and applications in 2009. APPLICATIONS OF CELL PHONES Texting (SMS) Internet Photos Gaming Social Media Apps POLITICAL INFLUENCES Plato Lobbyists World Population Politics LLEWELLYN BYRD WORLD POPULATION VS CELL PHONE USAGE LLEWELLYN BYRD (World Population, 2012 ) BIG FOUR CELL COMPANIES DEMAND POLITICAL FAVOR Sprint asks FCC to block AT&T, T - Mobile merger. FCC Approves AT&T - Comcast Merger AT&T • SPRINT VERIZON • T - MOBILE LLEWELLYN BYRD GOVERNMENT OVERSIGHT CONGRESS • FUNDING FCC • The Connect America Fund • The Lifeline Program LLEWELLYN BYRD