Microbiology, An Introduction , 10th Edition Test Bank

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ExamName___________________________________MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)Which of the following organisms lack cell walls?1)A)PlantaeB)AnimaliaC)BacteriaD)FungiAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)2)Classification of organisms in the three domains is based on2)A)Nutritional type.B)Number of cells.C)Nucleus.D)Cell wall.E)Type of cell.Answer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)3)Who was the first to observe microorganisms with a microscope?3)A)KochB)van LeeuwenhoekC)PasteurD)HookeE)WeizmannAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)4)Which of the following statements about insect control by microorganisms is true?4)A)The insects develop resistance to the microorganisms.B)This technique is just as dangerous as the use of chemical pesticides.C)The microorganisms are specific for the insect pest.D)The microorganisms may cause disease in other animals.E)The microorganisms are permanent in the environment.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)1

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5)You are observing a cell through a microscope and note that it has no apparent nucleus. Youconclude that it most likely5)A)Has a cellulose cell wall.B)Has a peptidoglycan cell wall.C)Moves by pseudopods.D)Is a plant cell.E)Is part of a multicellular animal.Answer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)6)Which of the following findings was essential for Jenner's vaccination process?6)A)Someone who recovers from a disease will not acquire that disease again.B)A weakened microorganism may produce immunity.C)A weakened microorganism will not cause disease.D)Vaccination provides immunity.E)Disease is caused by viruses.Answer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)7)Which of the following isNOTa domain in the three-domain system?7)A)BacteriaB)EukaryaC)ArchaeaD)AnimaliaAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)8)Which of the followingCANNOTbe made by using recombinant DNA technology?8)A)Pharmaceutical drugsB)LifeC)Human hormonesD)Pest-resistant cropsE)VaccinesAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)2

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9)Which of the following doesNOTbelong with the others?9)A)ProtistaB)AnimaliaC)HelminthesD)FungiE)PlantaeAnswer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)10)Who proved that microorganisms cause disease?10)A)van LeeuwenhoekB)FlemingC)PasteurD)KochE)SemmelweisAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)11)Which of the following processes in making blue jeans is incorrectly matched?11)A)PlasticNbacterial PHAB)Blue dyeNE. coliindigoC)CottonNfungal hyphaeD)DebleachingNbacterial enzymeE)Stone-washedNfungal enzymeAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)12)Regarding Pasteur's experiments with the S-neck flask, which of the following statements is true?12)A)Any possibility of contamination was removed.B)There was a food source involved.C)All microorganisms were killed before beginning.D)There was air involved.E)All of the above.Answer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)3

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13)Who observed cells in plant material?13)A)ListerB)HookeC)KochD)PasteurE)van LeeuwenhoekAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)14)Archaea differ from bacteria in that archaea14)A)Use organic compounds for food.B)Reproduce by binary fission.C)Are prokaryotic.D)Lack peptidoglycan.E)Lack nuclei.Answer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)15)Which of the following is the best definition ofbiotechnology?15)A)The curing of diseasesB)The use of living organisms to make desired productsC)The use of microorganisms in sewage treatmentD)The development of recombinant DNA technologyE)Bacterial production of foodsAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)16)Which of the following pairs is mismatched?16)A)VaccineNa preparation of microorganismsB)PenicillinNantibioticC)Normal microbiotaNharmfulD)PathogenNdisease causingE)ChemotherapyNtreatment of diseaseAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)4

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17)Which of the following pairs is mismatched?17)A)WinogradskyNmicrobial ecologyB)JennerNimmunologyC)LancefieldNimmunologyD)WeizmannNvirologyE)Jacob and MonodNmicrobial geneticsAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)18)You are looking at a white cottony growth on a culture medium. Microscopic examination revealsit is multicellular. Which of the following conclusions about this organism is false?18)A)It is a bacterium.B)It has cell walls.C)It is eukaryotic.D)It has DNA enclosed in a nucleus.E)It absorbs organic nutrients.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)19)A multicellular organism that has a mouth and lives in an animal host is a(n)19)A)Fungus.B)Bacterium.C)Helminth.D)Alga.E)Virus.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)20)A multicellular organism that has chitin cell walls and absorbs organic material is a(n)20)A)Fungus.B)Helminth.C)Alga.D)Virus.E)Bacterium.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)5

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21)Bacteria differ from viruses in that bacteria21)A)Can live without a host.B)Have DNA and RNA.C)Are composed of cells.D)All of the above.Answer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)22)Regular use of antibacterial cleaning products22)A)Prevents occurrence of infections.B)Prevents bacteria from growing.C)Is necessary for good health.D)Promotes survival of bacteria that are resistant.E)A, B, and DAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)23)Which of the following pairs is mismatched?23)A)ListerNaseptic surgeryB)van LeeuwenhoekNgerm theoryC)HookeNcell theoryD)JennerNvaccinesE)PasteurNfermentationAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)24)Which of the following statements about fungi is true?24)A)All grow using sunlight and carbon dioxide.B)All are prokaryotic.C)All are multicellular.D)All are plants.E)All require organic material for growth.Answer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)6

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25)Which of the following pairs is mismatched?25)A)Microbial ecologistNstudies bacteria that degrade oilB)VirologistNstudies human immunodeficiency virusC)Molecular biologistNstudies recombinant DNAD)ImmunologistNstudies ecology ofLegionella pneumophilaE)Microbial physiologistNstudies fermentation of sourdough breadAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)26)Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation?26)A)van LeeuwenhoekB)KochC)VirchowD)PasteurE)HookeAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)27)Which of the following is a scientific name?27)A)Leprosy bacteriumB)Mycobacterium lepraeC)Hansen's bacillusD)Acid-fast bacteriaAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)28)Which of the following pairs is mismatched?28)A)EhrlichNchemotherapyB)KochNaseptic surgeryC)JennerNvaccinationD)PasteurNproof of biogenesisAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)7

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29)Which of the following statements is false?29)A)All fungi have nuclear membranes.B)All bacteria lack nuclear membranes.C)All viruses are parasites.D)All protozoa are unicellular.E)All fungi are multicellular.Answer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)30)Which one of the following doesNOTbelong with the others?30)A)BacteriaB)FungiC)ArchaeaD)EukaryaAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)31)Which one of the following doesNOTbelong with the others?31)A)PeptidoglycanB)ChitinC)NucleusD)CelluloseAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)32)Regarding the experiments that "proved" spontaneous generation, which of the followingstatements is probably true?32)A)Excess carbon dioxide was present.B)Air was lacking.C)Microorganisms were already present.D)Too much heat was applied.E)The food source could not support life.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)8

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33)In the nameEscherichia coli, coliis the33)A)Specific epithet.B)Kingdom.C)Genus.D)Domain.E)Discoverer.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)34)An agent that reproduces in cells but isNOTcomposed of cells and contains RNA as its geneticmaterial is a(n)34)A)Bacterium.B)Virus.C)Helminth.D)Alga.E)Fungus.Answer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)35)A nucleated, green cell that moves by means of flagella is a(n)35)A)Alga.B)Virus.C)Bacterium.D)Helminth.E)Fungus.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)36)Which of the following is a scientific name?36)A)Streptococcus pyogenesB)StreptococciC)IGASD)Group A streptococcusE)Flesh-eating bacteriaAnswer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)9

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37)Which of the following lack a nucleus?37)A)ProtozoaB)AnimaliaC)BacteriaD)FungiE)None of the aboveAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)38)Which of the following isNOTan example of biotechnology?38)A)Bacterial production of French breadB)Bacterial production of vinegarC)Bacterial production of human insulinD)Bacterial production of yogurtE)Bacterial degradation of a dead animalAnswer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)39)Which of the following statements is true?39)A)Bacteria cannot move.B)Viruses cannot reproduce outside a host cell.C)Protozoa have rigid cell walls.D)Algae are parasites.E)Fungi are plants.Answer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)40)Which of the following requirements wasNOTnecessary for Pasteur to disprove spontaneousgeneration?40)A)Keeping microorganisms outB)Providing a food source that would support growthC)Identifying bacteriaD)Supplying airE)Removing microorganisms that were initially presentAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)10

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41)Which of the following statements about viruses is false?41)A)They cannot reproduce themselves.B)They lack cells.C)They have both DNA and RNA.D)They are parasites.E)They cannot metabolize nutrients.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)42)Fungi differ from bacteria in that fungi42)A)Have DNA.B)Are cellular.C)Have cell walls.D)Spoil food.E)Have a nucleus.Answer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)43)Which of the following statements about biofilms is false?43)A)Biofilms in your body protect mucous membranes from harmful microbes.B)Biofilms on medical implants cause infections.C)Biofilms on rocks provide food for animals.D)Compared to free-living bacteria, biofilms are more sensitive to antibiotics.E)Biofilms in pipes block the flow of water.Answer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)44)Which of the following statements about protozoa is false?44)A)All are unicellular.B)All are eukaryotic.C)They have rigid cell walls.D)All have complex cells.E)They are classified by their method of locomotion.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)11

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45)Which of the following groups include members that lack DNA?45)A)FungiB)ProtozoaC)BacteriaD)HelminthsE)VirusesAnswer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.46)Paul Berg received the Nobel Prize for developing the procedure for incorporating fragments of animal DNAinto bacteria. List some reasons why his work was a major contribution to science.Answer:47)List two examples of biotechnology that involve recombinant DNA technology and two examples that do not.Answer:48)In 1835 Bassi showed that a fungus caused a silkworm disease, and in 1865 Pasteur discovered that a protozoancaused another silkworm disease. Why do we use Koch's postulates instead of "Bassi's" or "Pasteur's"postulates?Answer:12

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Answer KeyTestname: C11)B2)E3)B4)C5)B6)B7)D8)B9)A10)D11)C12)E13)B14)D15)B16)C17)D18)A19)C20)A21)D22)D23)B24)E25)D26)D27)B28)B29)E30)B31)C32)C33)A34)B35)A36)A37)C38)E39)B40)C41)C42)E43)D44)C45)E46)47)48)13

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ExamName___________________________________MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)AssumeSaccharomyces cerevisiaeis grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope35S.After a 48-hourincubation, the35S would most likely be found in theS. cerevisiae's1)A)Carbohydrates.B)Nucleic acids.C)Proteins.D)Lipids.E)Water.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)2)AnE. coliculture that has been growing at 37°C is moved to 25°C. Which of the following changesmust be made in its plasma membrane?2)A)The number of unsaturated chains must increase.B)The number of phosphate groups must increase.C)The number of saturated chains must increase.D)The viscosity must increase.E)No changes are necessary.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)3)The antimicrobial drug imidazole inhibits sterol synthesis. This would most likely interfere with3)A)Prokaryotic plasma membranes.B)Genes.C)Fungal cell walls.D)Bacterial cell walls.E)Eukaryotic plasma membranes.Answer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)1

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Figure 2.24)Use Figure 2.2 to answer the following question. Archaea differ from bacteria in the composition ofthe cell membrane lipids. Archaea have ether-bonded lipids, shown in part________of Figure 2.2,and bacteria have ester-bonded lipids, shown in part ________ of Figure 2.2.4)A)b; cB)b; aC)d; cD)c; dE)a; dAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)5)What is the type of bond holding hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the H2O molecule?5)A)Ionic bondB)Hydrogen bondC)Covalent bondAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)2

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