Solution Manual for Modern Control Systems, 13th Edition
Solution Manual for Modern Control Systems, 13th Edition makes tackling textbook exercises a breeze, with clear and concise answers to every problem.
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C H A P T E R 1
Introduction to Control Systems
There are, in general, no unique solutions to the following exercises and
problems. Other equally valid block diagrams may be submitted by the
student.
Exercises
E1.1 Describe typical sensors that can measure each of the following:
a. Linear position → ultrasonic transducer
b. Velocity (or speed) → Doppler radar
c. Non-gravitational acceleration → inertial measurement unit
d. Rotational position (or angle) → rotary encoder
e. Rotational velocity → gyroscope
f. Temperature → thermocouple
g. Pressure → barometer
h. Liquid (or gas) flow rate → velocimeter
i. Torque → torquemeter
j. Force → load cell
k. Earth's magnetic field → magnetometer
l. Heart rate → electrocardiograph
E1.2 Describe typical actuators that can convert the following:
a. Fluidic energy to mechanical energy → hydraulic cylinder
b. Electrical energy to mechanical energy → electric motor
c. Mechanical deformation to electrical energy → piezoelectric actuator
d. Chemical energy to kinetic energy → automobile engine
e. Heat to electrical energy → thermoelectric generator
1
Introduction to Control Systems
There are, in general, no unique solutions to the following exercises and
problems. Other equally valid block diagrams may be submitted by the
student.
Exercises
E1.1 Describe typical sensors that can measure each of the following:
a. Linear position → ultrasonic transducer
b. Velocity (or speed) → Doppler radar
c. Non-gravitational acceleration → inertial measurement unit
d. Rotational position (or angle) → rotary encoder
e. Rotational velocity → gyroscope
f. Temperature → thermocouple
g. Pressure → barometer
h. Liquid (or gas) flow rate → velocimeter
i. Torque → torquemeter
j. Force → load cell
k. Earth's magnetic field → magnetometer
l. Heart rate → electrocardiograph
E1.2 Describe typical actuators that can convert the following:
a. Fluidic energy to mechanical energy → hydraulic cylinder
b. Electrical energy to mechanical energy → electric motor
c. Mechanical deformation to electrical energy → piezoelectric actuator
d. Chemical energy to kinetic energy → automobile engine
e. Heat to electrical energy → thermoelectric generator
1
2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Control Systems
E1.3 A microprocessor controlled laser system:
Controller
Error Current i(t) Power
out
Desired
power
output
Measured
power
- Laser
Process
processor
Micro-
Power
Sensor
Measurement
E1.4 A driver controlled cruise control system:
Desired
speed
Foot pedal Actual
auto
speed
Visual indication of speed
Controller
-
Process
Measurement
Driver Car and
Engine
Speedometer
E1.5 Although the principle of conservation of momentum explains much of
the process of fly-casting, there does not exist a comprehensive scientific
explanation of how a fly-fisher uses the small backward and forward mo-
tion of the fly rod to cast an almost weightless fly lure long distances (the
current world-record is 236 ft). The fly lure is attached to a short invisible
leader about 15-ft long, which is in turn attached to a longer and thicker
Dacron line. The objective is cast the fly lure to a distant spot with dead-
eye accuracy so that the thicker part of the line touches the water first
and then the fly gently settles on the water just as an insect might.
Wind
disturbanceController
-
Process
Measurement
Rod, line,
and cast
E1.3 A microprocessor controlled laser system:
Controller
Error Current i(t) Power
out
Desired
power
output
Measured
power
- Laser
Process
processor
Micro-
Power
Sensor
Measurement
E1.4 A driver controlled cruise control system:
Desired
speed
Foot pedal Actual
auto
speed
Visual indication of speed
Controller
-
Process
Measurement
Driver Car and
Engine
Speedometer
E1.5 Although the principle of conservation of momentum explains much of
the process of fly-casting, there does not exist a comprehensive scientific
explanation of how a fly-fisher uses the small backward and forward mo-
tion of the fly rod to cast an almost weightless fly lure long distances (the
current world-record is 236 ft). The fly lure is attached to a short invisible
leader about 15-ft long, which is in turn attached to a longer and thicker
Dacron line. The objective is cast the fly lure to a distant spot with dead-
eye accuracy so that the thicker part of the line touches the water first
and then the fly gently settles on the water just as an insect might.
Wind
disturbanceController
-
Process
Measurement
Rod, line,
and cast
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