Test Bank for Foundations In Microbiology, 9th Edition

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Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Disease-causing microorganisms are called
A. decomposers.
B. prokaryotes.
C. pathogens.
D. eukaryotes.
E. fermenters.
2. The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called
A. decomposers.
B. prokaryotes.
C. pathogens.
D. eukaryotes.
E. fermenters.
3. The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called
A. decomposers.
B. prokaryotes.
C. pathogens.
D. eukaryotes.
E. fermenters.
4.
When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms the process is called
3-7-2013
A. bioremediation.
B. genetic engineering.
C. epidemiology.
D. immunology.
E. taxonomy.
5. Which of the following are not considered microorganisms?
A. mosquitoes
B. protozoa
C. bacteria
D. viruses
E. fungi
6. All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that
A. cause human disease.
B. lack a cell nucleus.
C. are infectious particles.
D. are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
E. can only be found growing in laboratories.

7. Which activity is an example of biotechnology?
A. bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill
competitors
B. a microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria
C. humans using yeast to make beer and
wine
D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs causing tuberculosis
E. public health officials monitoring diseases in a community
8. Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major
groups of microorganisms?
A. cause human disease
B. lack a nucleus
C. cannot be seen without a microscope
D. contain genetic material
E. lack cell structure
9. The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms
was
A. Francesco Redi.
B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
C. Louis Pasteur.
D. Joseph Lister.
E. Robert Koch.
10. Pasteur used swan-neck flasks in his experiments to prove that
A. air had "vital forces" capable of spontaneous generation.
B. microbial fermentation could be used to make wine.
C. dust in air was a source of living microorganisms.
D. microorganisms could cause disease.
E. microorganisms could be grown in laboratory infusions.
11. Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method?
A. belief in a preconceived idea
B. formulate a hypothesis
C. systematic observation
D. laboratory experimentation
E. development of a theory
12. Spontaneous generation is the belief that
A. germs cause infectious diseases.
B. microbes are diverse and ubiquitous.
C. microbes placed in an infusion can grow in it.
D. aseptic techniques reduce microbes in medical settings.
E. living things arise from nonliving matter.
13. Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that
A. microbes are found on dust particles.
B. a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease.
C. life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms.
D. a specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom.
E. microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills.

14. Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?
A. Species
B. Phylum
C. Kingdom
D. Genus
E. Family
15. Which of the following is a scientific name?
A. bacteria
B. Protista
C. species
D. Bacillus subtilis
E. bacilli
16. Taxonomy does not involve
A. nomenclature.
B. classification.
C. taxa.
D. identification.
E. Koch's postulates.
17. The smallest and most significant taxon is
A. Genus.
B. Species.
C. Kingdom.
D. Family.
E. Phylum.
18. The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called
A. biotechnology.
B. genetics.
C. recombinant DNA.
D. phylogeny.
E. taxonomy.
19. A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is working on
A. determining evolutionary relatedness.
B. bioremediation.
C. recombinant DNA.
D. nomenclature.
E. determining if that species is the cause of a new disease.
20. A scientist discovers a new microbial species. It is a single-celled eukaryote without cell walls. In which
kingdom will it likely be classified?
A. Monera
B. Protista
C. Fungi
D. Animalia
E. Plantae
21. A scientist collects grass clippings to find the source of an outbreak of tularemia is an example of
working in the field of
A. food microbiology.
B. epidemiology.
C. agricultural microbiology.
D. genetic engineering.
E. biotechnology.

22. Helminths are
A. bacteria.
B. protozoa.
C. molds.
D. parasitic worms.
E. infectious particles.
23. All of the following pertain to photosynthesis, except
A. it occurs only in members of the kingdom Plantae.
B. carbon dioxide is converted to organic material.
C. it contributes to the oxygen content in the atmosphere.
D. it is fueled by light.
E. it is important to each ecosystem's flow of energy and food.
24. Organisms called parasites are
A. always classified in the kingdom Monera.
B. always harmful to their host.
C. the decomposers in ecosystems.
D. always viruses.
E. free-living.
25. The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery was
A. Joseph Lister.
B. Ignaz Semmelweis.
C. Robert Koch.
D. Louis Pasteur.
E. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
26. Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis?
A. Joseph Lister
B. Ignaz Semmelweis
C. Robert Koch
D. Louis Pasteur
E. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
27. Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right):
A. family, order, class
B. family, genus, species
C. genus, species, family
D. class, phylum, order
E. kingdom, domain, phylum
28. When assigning a scientific name to an organism,
A. the species name is capitalized.
B. the species name is placed first.
C. the species name can be abbreviated.
D. both genus and species names are capitalized.
E. both genus and species names are italicized or underlined.
29. The scientist(s) that proposed assigning organisms to one of three domains is(are):
A. Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur.
B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
C. Carl Woese and George Fox.
D. Robert Whittaker.
E. Francesco Redi.

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