Test Bank For Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach, 2nd Edition

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-1Chapter 01Introduction to Microbes and Their Building BlocksMultiple Choice Questions1.When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is calledA.bioremediation.B.genetic engineering.C.epidemiology.D.immunology.E.taxonomy.ASM Objective: 04.05 Cell genomes can be manipulated to alter cell function.ASM Topic: Module 04 Information FlowBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the ways that humans manipulate organisms for their own uses.Section: 01.01Topic: Basics of Genetic EngineeringTopic: Microbial Roles2.Which of the following is not considered a microorganism?A.mosquitoB.protozoanC.bacteriumD.virusE.fungusASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vastdiversity of microorganisms.ASM Topic: Module 01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.01 List the various types of microorganisms that can colonize humans.Section: 01.01Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-23.All microorganisms are best definedas organisms thatA.cause human disease.B.lack a cell nucleus.C.are infectious particles.D.are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.E.can only be found growing in laboratories.ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer,along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vastdiversity of microorganisms.ASM Topic: Module 01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast the relative sizes of the different microbes.Section: 01.01Topic: Cellular Organization4.Which activity is an example of biotechnology?A.bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitorsB.a microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteriaC.Egyptians using moldy bread on woundsD.Escherichia coliproducing human insulinE.public health officials monitoring diseases in a communityASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of MicroorganismsBloom's Level: 02. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the ways that humans manipulate organisms for their own uses.Section: 01.01Topic: Basics of Genetic Engineering

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-35.Living things ordinarily too small to be seen with the unaided eye are termedA.bacteria.B.viruses.C.parasites.D.microorganisms.E.None of the choices is correct.ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vastdiversity of microorganisms.ASM Topic: Module 01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast the relative sizes of the different microbes.Section: 01.01Topic: Cellular Organization6.The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes arecalledA.decomposers.B.prokaryotes.C.pathogens.D.eukaryotes.E.fermenters.ASM Objective: 06.01 Microbes are essential for life,as we know it, and the processes that support life (e.g. in biogeochemical cycles andplant/animal microflora).ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of MicroorganismsBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.02 Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.Section: 01.01Topic: Microbial Roles

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-47.Cells, like bacteria and archaea, that do not have a nucleus in their cells have traditionally been calledA.decomposers.B.prokaryotes.C.pathogens.D.eukaryotes.E.fermenters.ASM Objective: 01.01 Cells, organelles (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts) and all major metabolic pathways evolved from earlyprokaryotic cells.ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity and phage infection.ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and FunctionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.06 Differentiate among bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic microorganisms.Section: 01.01Topic: Cellular Organization8.The first cells appeared about ___ billion years ago.A.5B.4C.3.5D.2E.1.5ASM Objective: 01.01 Cells, organelles (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts) and all major metabolic pathways evolved from earlyprokaryotic cells.ASM Topic: Module01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.03 Explain the theory of evolution and why it is still called a theory.Section: 01.01Topic: History of Microbiology

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-59.Which of the following is not a human use of microorganisms?A.making breadB.treating water and sewageC.manufacturing copper wireD.mass producing antibioticsE.cleaning up oil spillsASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of MicroorganismsBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the ways that humans manipulate organisms for their own uses.Section: 01.01Topic: Microbial Roles10.Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example ofA.biotechnology.B.bioremediation.C.decomposition.D.immunology.E.epidemiology.ASM Objective: 05.03 Microorganisms and their environment interact with and modify each other.ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.ASM Topic: Module 05 SystemsASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of MicroorganismsBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.02 Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the ways that humans manipulate organisms for their own uses.Section: 01.01Topic: Microbial Roles

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-611.Disease-causing microorganisms are calledA.decomposers.B.prokaryotes.C.pathogens.D.eukaryotes.E.fermenters.ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral ordetrimental ways.ASM Topic: Module 05 SystemsBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.05 Summarize the relative burden of human disease caused by microbes.Section: 01.01Topic: Microbial Roles12.The most prevalent worldwide infectious diseases areA.AIDS-related diseases.B.diarrheal diseases.C.malaria diseases.D.measles.E.respiratory diseases.ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral ordetrimental ways.ASM Topic: Module 05 SystemsBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.05 Summarize the relative burden of human disease caused by microbes.Section: 01.01Topic: Microbial Roles

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-713.Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them fromthe other major groups of microorganisms?A.cause human diseaseB.lack a nucleusC.cannot be seen without a microscopeD.contain genetic materialE.lack cell structureASM Objective: 02.05 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) differ among viruses and are determined by theiruniquestructures and genomes.ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and FunctionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.07 Identify a fourth type of microorganism.Section: 01.01Topic: General Viral Properties14.Helminths areA.bacteria.B.protozoa.C.molds.D.parasitic worms.E.infectious particles.ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted ina vastdiversity of microorganisms.ASM Topic: Module 01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.06 Differentiate among bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic microorganisms.Section: 01.01Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-815.Which group of microorganisms is composed only of hereditary material wrapped in aprotein covering?A.virusesB.bacteriaC.parasitesD.fungiE.yeastsASM Objective: 02.05 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) differ among viruses and are determined by theiruniquestructures and genomes.ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and FunctionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearningOutcome: 01.07 Identify a fourth type of microorganism.Section: 01.01Topic: General Viral Properties

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-916.Which statement correctly compares the sizes of different microorganisms?A.Bacteria are larger than eukaryotic microorganisms.B.Archaea are larger than eukaryotic microrganisms but smaller than bacteria.C.Bacteria are larger than viruses.D.Eukaryotic microorganisms are smaller than viruses.ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field,phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).ASM Objective: 02.04 While microscopic eukaryotes (for example, fungi, protozoa and algae) carry out some of the same processes asbacteria, many of the cellular properties are fundamentally different.ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and FunctionBloom's Level: 03. ApplyLearning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast the relative sizes of the different microbes.Section: 01.01Topic: Cellular Organization

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-1017.The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and recordmicroorganisms wasA.Francesco Redi.B.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.C.Louis Pasteur.D.Joseph Lister.E.Robert Koch.ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function ofmicroorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field,phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and FunctionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.09 Make a time line of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.Section: 01.02Topic: History of Microbiology18.Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish thatA.microbes are found on dust particles.B.a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease.C.life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms.D.a specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom.E.microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills.ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral,interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral ordetrimental ways.ASM Topic: Module 05 SystemsBloom's Level: 02. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 01.09 Make a time line of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.Section: 01.02Topic: History of Microbiology

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-1119.The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgerywasA.Joseph Lister.B.Ignaz Semmelweis.C.Robert Koch.D.Louis Pasteur.E.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic PathwaysBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.09 Make a time line of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.Section: 01.02Topic: History of Microbiology20.Sterile refers toA.pathogen free.B.absence of spores.C.absence of any life forms and viral particles.D.pasteurized.E.homogenized.ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic PathwaysBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.09 Make a time line of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.Section: 01.02Topic: Basics of Microbial ControlTopic: History of Microbiology

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-1221.Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium,Bacillus anthracis?A.Joseph ListerB.Ignaz SemmelweisC.Robert KochD.Louis PasteurE.Antonie van LeeuwenhoekASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral ordetrimental ways.ASM Topic: Module 05 SystemsBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.09 Make a time line of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.Section: 01.02Topic: History of MicrobiologyTopic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-1322.If you were a microbiologist in 1950, which of the followingscientific principles would you already know?A.Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.B.Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.C.Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.D.Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differin Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.ASM Objective: 04.03 The regulation of gene expression is influenced by external and internal molecular cues and/or signals.ASM Objective: 05.02 Most bacteria in nature live in bio-film communities.ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic PathwaysASM Topic: Module 04 Information FlowASM Topic: Module 05 SystemsBloom's Level: 03. ApplyLearning Outcome: 01.10 List some recent microbiology discoveries of great impact.Section: 01.02Topic: History of Microbiology

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-1423.Taxonomy does not involveA.nomenclature.B.classification.C.taxa.D.identification.E.common name.ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees.ASM Topic: Module 01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.18 Differentiate among the terms nomenclature, taxonomy, and classification.Section: 01.04Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms24.Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and naming oforganisms?A.nomenclatureB.taxonomyC.phylogenyD.Woesean classificationE.None of the choices is correct.ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees.ASM Topic: Module 01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.18 Differentiate among the terms nomenclature, taxonomy, and classification.Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms25.The orderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa is calledA.classification.B.identification.C.nomenclature.D.experimentation.E.biotechnology.ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vastdiversity of microorganisms.ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees.ASM Topic: Module01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.18 Differentiate among the terms nomenclature, taxonomy, and classification.Section: 01.04Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms

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Chapter 01-Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks1-1526.Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?A.speciesB.phylumC.kingdomD.genusE.familyASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees.ASM Topic: Module 01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 02. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 01.19 Create a mnemonic device for remembering the taxonomic categories.Section: 01.04Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms27.The smallest and most significant taxon isA.genus.B.species.C.kingdom.D.family.E.phylum.ASM Objective: 01.04 The traditional concept of species is not readily applicable to microbes, due to asexual reproduction and the frequentoccurrence of horizontal gene transfer.ASM Topic: Module 01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 02. UnderstandLearning Outcome: 01.19 Create a mnemonic device for remembering the taxonomic categories.Section: 01.04Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms28.Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right):A.family, order, classB.family, genus, speciesC.genus, species, familyD.class, phylum, orderE.kingdom, domain, phylumASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees.ASM Topic: Module 01 EvolutionBloom's Level: 01. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.19 Create a mnemonic device for remembering the taxonomic categories.Section: 01.04Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms

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