Visual Anatomy and Physiology 3rd Edition Test Bank

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Test Bank to Accompany
Visual Anatomy
and Physiology
Third Edition
by
Martini

Contents
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology ................................................................. 1
Chapter 2 Chemical Level of Organization ...................................................................................... 29
Chapter 3 Cellular Level of Organization ........................................................................................ 75
Chapter 4 Tissue Level of Organization ......................................................................................... 124
Chapter 5 The Integumentary System ............................................................................................ 166
Chapter 6 Bones and Bone Structure............................................................................................... 194
Chapter 7 The Skeleton ..................................................................................................................... 230
Chapter 8 Joints .................................................................................................................................. 294
Chapter 9 Skeletal Muscle Tissue .................................................................................................... 321
Chapter 10 The Muscular System ...................................................................................................... 361
Chapter 11 Nervous Tissue ................................................................................................................ 409
Chapter 12 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes ................................................ 451
Chapter 13 The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways ................................. 488
Chapter 14 The Autonomic Nervous System .................................................................................. 563
Chapter 15 The Special Senses ........................................................................................................... 593
Chapter 16 The Endocrine System .................................................................................................... 640
Chapter 17 Blood ................................................................................................................................. 685
Chapter 18 The Heart and Cardiovascular Function ...................................................................... 719
Chapter 19 Blood Vessels and Circulation ....................................................................................... 764
Chapter 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity ......................................................................... 821
Chapter 21 The Respiratory System .................................................................................................. 866
Chapter 22 The Digestive System ...................................................................................................... 915
Chapter 23 Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics......................................................................... 974
Chapter 24 The Urinary System....................................................................................................... 1008
Chapter 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid‐Base Balance .................................................................. 1046
Chapter 26 The Reproductive System ............................................................................................. 1064
Chapter 27 Development and Inheritance ..................................................................................... 1110

Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Multiple Choice Questions
1) The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termed
A) positive feedback.
B) homeostasis.
C) negative feedback.
D) effector control.
E) integration.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.6
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
2) Gas exchange is to the respiratory system as absorption of nutrients is to the ________
system(s).
A) lymphatic
B) urinary
C) digestive
D) cardiovascular
E) urinary and cardiovascular
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding
3) Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream?
A) cardiovascular
B) lymphatic
C) respiratory
D) digestive
E) endocrine
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
4) Anatomy is to ________ as physiology is to ________.
A) function; form
B) form; structure
C) structure; function
D) structure; form
E) growth; form
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding

2 Test Bank for Visual Anatomy and Physiology, 3e
5) The central principle of physiology is
A) nutrition.
B) reflexes.
C) homeostasis.
D) stimulation.
E) temperature regulation.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
6) Because the anatomy and physiology of the bodyʹs structures are interrelated, it is often said
that ʺform determines ________.ʺ
A) anatomy
B) physiology
C) structure
D) function
E) biology
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.9
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
7) A chemical imbalance in the blood can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn
will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view
that
A) all organisms are composed of cells.
B) all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.
C) chemical molecules make up cells.
D) blood has magical properties.
E) congenital defects can be life-threatening.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.10
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding
8) Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most complex to the simplest?
A) cellular, tissue, molecular, system, organ, organism
B) molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
C) tissue, cellular, molecular, organ, system, organism
D) organ, organism, molecular, cellular, tissue, system
E) organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.10
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 3
9) What is the smallest living level of organization?
A) cellular level
B) chemical level
C) organ level
D) organ system level
E) tissue level
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.11
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
10) Which of the following cell types is long, slender and makes contractions?
A) red blood cells
B) bone cells
C) fat cells
D) muscle cells
E) white blood cells
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.11
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
11) Which type of cells carry oxygen and carbon dioxide?
A) bone cells
B) fat cells
C) muscle cells
D) white blood cells
E) red blood cells
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.11
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
12) Which type of cells recycle the calcium and phosphate stored there?
A) bone cells
B) fat cells
C) muscle cells
D) nervous cells
E) blood cells
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.11
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
13) Which type of cells are spherical and contain energy molecules?
A) bone cells
B) fat cells
C) muscle cells
D) white blood cells
E) red blood cells
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.11
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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4 Test Bank for Visual Anatomy and Physiology, 3e
14) ________ is the study of tissue structures.
A) Gross anatomy
B) Pathology
C) Biology
D) Microbiology
E) Histology
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.12
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
15) Which of the following tissues covers and protects exposed surface areas of the body?
A) connective tissue
B) muscle tissue
C) epithelial tissue
D) bone tissue
E) nervous tissue
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.12
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
16) Which of the following tissues fills internal spaces and provides structural support?
A) connective tissue
B) muscle tissue
C) epithelial tissue
D) bone tissue
E) nervous tissue
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.12
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
17) Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood
formation?
A) integumentary
B) muscular
C) skeletal
D) nervous
E) endocrine
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.13
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
18) Protection from environmental hazards is a function of the ________ system.
A) skeletal
B) muscular
C) integumentary
D) endocrine
E) skeletal and muscular
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.13
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 5
19) Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells?
A) cardiovascular
B) digestive
C) muscular
D) respiratory
E) urinary
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.15
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
20) Directing long-term changes in the activities of other organ systems is the major function of
the ________ system.
A) endocrine
B) cardiovascular
C) respiratory
D) lymphatic
E) digestive
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.15
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
21) Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?
A) It releases chemicals that affect other organs or tissues.
B) It produces a more rapid response than the nervous system.
C) It produces effects that last for days or longer.
D) It produces an effect that involves several organs or tissues at the same time.
E) It is important in regulating organs and tissues.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.15
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding
22) The heart is an example of a(n)
A) cell.
B) tissue.
C) organ.
D) extracellular fluid.
E) organ system.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.15
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
23) All of the following are organs of the endocrine system, except
A) pituitary.
B) thyroid.
C) thymus.
D) muscle.
E) pancreas.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.15
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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6 Test Bank for Visual Anatomy and Physiology, 3e
24) All of the following are structures of the cardiovascular system, except
A) the heart.
B) arteries.
C) the spleen.
D) veins.
E) capillaries.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.15
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
25) Elimination of excess water, salts, and waste products are functions of the ________ system.
A) endocrine
B) digestive
C) respiratory
D) urinary
E) lymphatic
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.16
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
26) Which gastrointestinal organ is responsible for bile secretion and regulation of blood nutrient
composition?
A) gallbladder
B) liver
C) stomach
D) pancreas
E) salivary glands
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.16
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
27) What is the primary function of kidneys?
A) removes carbon dioxide from the body
B) store urine
C) regulate blood glucose
D) form and concentrate urine
E) secret enzymes for digestion
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.16
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
28) The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is called
A) homeostasis.
B) disease.
C) biology.
D) responsiveness.
E) adaptability.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.17
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 7
29) Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, and
a(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whose
activity has an effect on the same stimulus.
A) control center (integrating center); receptor; effector
B) receptor; control center (integrating center); effector
C) effector; control center (integrating center); receptor
D) receptor; effector; control center (integrating center)
E) effector; receptor; control center (integrating center)
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.17
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding
30) When homeostatic mechanisms fail, an individual will experience the symptoms of
A) homeostasis.
B) negative feedback.
C) illness or disease.
D) positive feedback.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.17
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Applying
31) If a response decreases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.
A) deficit
B) negative
C) neutral
D) polarized
E) positive
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.18
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding
32) If a response increases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.
A) deficit
B) negative
C) neutral
D) polarized
E) positive
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.18
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding

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8 Test Bank for Visual Anatomy and Physiology, 3e
33) When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease
the body temperature. This is an example of
A) negative feedback.
B) positive feedback.
C) nonhomeostatic regulation.
D) diagnostic regulation.
E) fever.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.18
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding
34) All of the following participate in thermoregulation, except
A) brain.
B) skin.
C) gastrointestinal system.
D) blood vessels.
E) sweat glands.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.18
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
35) The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the
A) brain.
B) skin.
C) temperature receptor.
D) positive feedback center.
E) thermostat.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.18
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding
36) A cell or organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed
a(n)
A) receptor.
B) thermoregulator.
C) control center (integration center).
D) effector.
E) stimulus.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.18
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 9
37) An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be
A) temperature sensors on the skin that detect a stimulus.
B) sweat glands that increase secretion.
C) regulatory centers that send commands to an effector.
D) effectors that cause blood vessels to dilate.
E) sweat glands that act like effectors.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.18
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding
38) All of the following are examples of positive feedback, except
A) blood clot formation.
B) release of chemicals from the blood vessels after injury.
C) decrease bleeding after injury.
D) increase heart rate after blood loss.
E) relaxation of smooth musclesʹ blood vessels when body temperature goes up.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.18
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Understanding
39) Much of the early history in anatomy is tied to what country?
A) France
B) Italy
C) United States
D) Spain
E) England
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.19
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
40) The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except the
A) right upper quadrant (RUQ).
B) right lower quadrant (RLQ).
C) left upper quadrant (LUQ).
D) left lower quadrant (LLQ).
E) pelvic quadrant.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
41) Which of the following is not considered an abdominopelvic region?
A) right hypochondriac
B) right inguinal region
C) left lumbar
D) left hypochondriac
E) upper right
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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10 Test Bank for Visual Anatomy and Physiology, 3e
42) A person is lying on the bed gazing at the ceiling. She is in the ________ position.
A) prone
B) supine
C) anatomical
D) dorsal
E) caudal
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
43) A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the ________
position.
A) supine
B) prone
C) anatomical
D) frontal
E) sagittal
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
44) The common term for the carpal region is the
A) skull.
B) ankle.
C) chest.
D) wrist.
E) leg.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
45) A cut parallel to the midsagittal plane would produce a ________ section.
A) superior
B) coronal
C) transverse
D) parasagittal
E) frontal
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
46) Which of the following terms refers to the foot?
A) cervical
B) brachial
C) antebrachial
D) femoral
E) pedal
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 11
47) The urinary bladder is found in the ________ quadrant and the ________ quadrant.
A) right upper; right lower
B) left upper; left lower
C) right upper; left lower
D) right lower; left lower
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
48) The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant.
A) right upper
B) left upper
C) right lower
D) left lower
E) hepatic
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
49) A person lying face down is in the ________ position.
A) prone
B) supine
C) anatomical
D) anterior
E) posterior
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
50) The anatomical term for the buccal region is the
A) buttock.
B) cheek.
C) head.
D) arm.
E) foot.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
51) The anatomical name for the pollex is the
A) foot.
B) hand.
C) armpit.
D) groin.
E) thumb.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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12 Test Bank for Visual Anatomy and Physiology, 3e
52) The anatomical name for the patellar region is the
A) kneecap.
B) breast.
C) hand.
D) neck
E) ear.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.20
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
53) While standing erect, the direction of caudal is
A) upward.
B) downward.
C) laterally.
D) medially.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.21
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
54) While standing in the anatomical position,
A) front refers to posterior.
B) front refers to inferior.
C) back refers to anterior.
D) back refers to superior.
E) back refers to dorsal.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.21
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
55) Terms of anatomical direction are used to describe
A) one body part in relation to another.
B) surgical procedures.
C) a supine position.
D) the nervous system.
E) living matter.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.21
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
56) The wrist is ________ to the elbow.
A) proximal
B) distal
C) lateral
D) medial
E) horizontal
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.21
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 13
57) An anatomical term that means the same as ʺventralʺ is
A) posterior.
B) inferior.
C) abdominal.
D) anterior.
E) superior.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.21
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
58) Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?
A) proximal
B) frontal
C) orthogonal
D) transverse
E) sagittal
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1.21
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
59) A midsagittal section would pass through the
A) kidney.
B) lung.
C) heart.
D) spleen.
E) leg.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.21
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
60) The heart is ________ to the lungs.
A) lateral
B) medial
C) posterior
D) proximal
E) distal
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1.21
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering
61) The chin is ________ to the nose.
A) anterior
B) superior
C) posterior
D) inferior
E) medial
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.21
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Remembering

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