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A and P 1 Lab Bone Module 1

Comprehensive lab guide for Anatomy & Physiology 1 covering skeletal system structure, bone classification, skull and vertebrae anatomy, and joint types. Essential for students studying human skeletal anatomy.

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ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY- 1,LABExercises - Those pertaining to the skeleton, Axial & AppendicularThe skeleton - is composed of 206 bones and represents the body's framework, it iscomposed of cartilage and bone which we previously studied in the histology exerciseson connective tissues that were specialized for support.Functions: (it must provide support and protection while allowing for movement)supportprotectionlevers for locomotionlipid and mineral storagehematopoiesis (blood cell formation)To accomplish the first three the skeleton is composed of individual bones linkedtogether at joints (articulations). The anatomical structure of the bone itself accomplishesthe remaining two.The skeleton is divided into two basic divisions:1)the axial skeleton - which lies around the center of gravity2)the appendicular skeleton - the limbs/appendagesSee Fig. in Lab manualBone Markings:The various bumps, holes, and ridges seen on bones, that serve for joint formations,muscle and ligament attachments, and where blood vessels & nerves pass.See table in lab manual (you should learn to recognize the markings described here)Classification of bones:1 - Long (with medullary cavities) - arm, leg, metacarples (hand), metatarsals (foot),phalanges (fingers/toes)2 - Short (with cancellous bone) - ankle, wrist3 - Flat - skull4 - Irregular - vertebrae, internal ear bones5 - Sesamoid - round bones embedded in tendons (patella/knee cap)6 - Wormian - sutural bone

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Subject
Anatomy and Physiology

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