3MB Psychiatry: Neurobiology of Cognition
This flashcard set outlines the key functions of the frontal lobe, including movement, executive function, personality, and language. It also describes specific clinical tests for frontal lobe function, such as verbal fluency and the Luria step test.
List all the functions of the frontal lobe
Voluntary movement
Reasoning
Executive functioning
Personality
Inhibition
Initiative
Expressive language
Key Terms
List all the functions of the frontal lobe
Voluntary movement
Reasoning
Executive functioning
Personality
Inhibition
Initiative
Expressive language
What is a specific way to test verbal fluency (frontal lobe function)?
List as many words beginning with F in 60 seconds
10-15 words is normal function
What is involved in the Luria step test for frontal lobe function?
Show sequence of movements and ask patient to copy in the right order
List all the functions of the parietal lobe
Distinguish right and left
Reading
Writing
Body orientation
Calculations
Two point discrimination
Graphesthesia...
What is graphesthesia?
Ability to recognise writing on the skin without looking (pure sensation)
List clinical features of damage to the dominant hemisphere of the parietal lobe
Dysphasia
Dyscalculia
Dyslexia
Apraxia
Agnosia
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
List all the functions of the frontal lobe | Voluntary movement Reasoning Executive functioning Personality Inhibition Initiative Expressive language |
What is a specific way to test verbal fluency (frontal lobe function)? | List as many words beginning with F in 60 seconds 10-15 words is normal function |
What is involved in the Luria step test for frontal lobe function? | Show sequence of movements and ask patient to copy in the right order |
List all the functions of the parietal lobe | Distinguish right and left Reading Writing Body orientation Calculations Two point discrimination Graphesthesia |
What is graphesthesia? | Ability to recognise writing on the skin without looking (pure sensation) |
List clinical features of damage to the dominant hemisphere of the parietal lobe | Dysphasia Dyscalculia Dyslexia Apraxia Agnosia |
List clinical features of damage to the non-dominant hemisphere of the parietal lobe |
Constructional/dressing apraxia |
List all the functions of the temporal lobe | Speech Emotion Hearing Memory Sense of identity Recognising faces |
Which lobe of the brain is the primary visual reception area? | Occipital lobe |
Where is Broca’s area in the brain? | Left inferolateral aspect of frontal lobe |
Where is Wernicke’s area in the brain? | Left posterosuperior aspect of temporal lobe |
What is Broca’s aphasia? | Non-fluent, effortful type of language that ultimately is meaningful |
What is Wernicke’s aphasia? | Fluent, excessive type of language filled with errors that make speech non-meaningful |
Individuals with Wernicke’s aphasia understand language spoken to them. True/False? | False Individuals with Broca’s aphasia understand language spoken to them |
Which individuals typically lack insight into their disability - those which Broca’s or Wernicke’s aphasia? | Wernicke’s Broca’s aphasia individuals are typically depressed due to awareness of their disability |
List the main structures of the limbic system | Hippocampus |
What is the function of the hippocampus with regards to memory? | Formation of new memories |
What is the main function of the amygdala? | Involved with emotions and reward |
What is the shortest type of memory? | Sensory memory |
What are the 2 main neurotransmitters involved in memory? | Glutamate ACh |