Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - The Muscular System Part 1

A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - The Muscular System Part 1

Anatomy and Physiology35 CardsCreated 6 days ago

This deck covers key concepts and definitions related to the muscular system, including types of muscle contractions, movements, and the muscles involved in specific joint actions.

Define ISOTONIC CONTRACTION

contractions that cause the muscle to change length, producing movement
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define ISOTONIC CONTRACTION
contractions that cause the muscle to change length, producing movement
Define CONCENTRIC
contractions that cause the muscle to shorten e.g. bicep curl (upwards)
Define ECCENTRIC
contractions that cause the muscle to lengthen e.g. bicep curl (downwards)
Define ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION
there is no change in the length of the contracting muscle, causing no movement
What are FIXATORS ?
the muscle that STABILISES the ORIGIN of the AGONIST and the JOINT that the origin moves over
Define FLEXION
a movement around a joint that decreases the angle between the bones and the joint

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TermDefinition
Define ISOTONIC CONTRACTION
contractions that cause the muscle to change length, producing movement
Define CONCENTRIC
contractions that cause the muscle to shorten e.g. bicep curl (upwards)
Define ECCENTRIC
contractions that cause the muscle to lengthen e.g. bicep curl (downwards)
Define ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION
there is no change in the length of the contracting muscle, causing no movement
What are FIXATORS ?
the muscle that STABILISES the ORIGIN of the AGONIST and the JOINT that the origin moves over
Define FLEXION
a movement around a joint that decreases the angle between the bones and the joint
Define EXTENSION
a movement around a joint that increases the angle between the bones and the joint
Define LATERAL
towards the outside
Define MEDIAL
towards the middle
Define POSTERIOR
towards the back
Define ANTERIOR
towards the front
What movement occurs at the WRIST ?
flexion - extension
What movement occurs at the ELBOW ?
flexion - extension
What movement occurs at SHOULDER ?
flexion
What movement occurs at the HIP ?
flexion
What movement occurs at the KNEE ?
flexion - extension
What movement occurs at the ANKLE ?
plantar flexion - dorsi flexion
WRIST : FLEXION : AGONIST
wrist flexors
WRIST : EXTENSION : AGONIST
wrist extensors
ELBOW : FLEXION : AGONIST
biceps brachii
ELBOW : EXTENSION : AGONIST
triceps brachii
SHOULDER : FLEXION : AGONIST
anterior deltoid
SHOULDER : EXTENSION : AGONIST
posterior deltoid
SHOULDER : ADDUCTION : AGONIST
latissimus dorsi
SHOULDER : ABDUCTION : AGONIST
middle deltoid
SHOULDER : M.ROTATION : AGONIST
teres major
SHOULDER : L.ROTATION : AGONIST
teres minor
SHOULDER : HORIZONTAL F : AGONIST
pectorals major
SHOULDER : HORIZONTAL E : AGONIST
posterior deltoid
HIP : FLEXION : AGONIST
iliopsoas
HIP : EXTENSION : AGONIST
gluteus maximus
HIP : ADDUCTION : AGONIST
adductor longus, brevis, magnus
HIP : ABDUCTION : AGONIST
gluteus medius / minus
HIP : M.ROTATION : AGONIST
gluteus medius / minus
HIP : L.ROTATION : AGONIST
gluteus maximus