Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - The Muscular System Part 1
A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - The Muscular System Part 1
This deck covers key concepts and definitions related to the muscular system, including types of muscle contractions, movements, and the muscles involved in specific joint actions.
Define ISOTONIC CONTRACTION
contractions that cause the muscle to change length, producing movement
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Define ISOTONIC CONTRACTION
contractions that cause the muscle to change length, producing movement
Define CONCENTRIC
contractions that cause the muscle to shorten e.g. bicep curl (upwards)
Define ECCENTRIC
contractions that cause the muscle to lengthen e.g. bicep curl (downwards)
Define ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION
there is no change in the length of the contracting muscle, causing no movement
What are FIXATORS ?
the muscle that STABILISES the ORIGIN of the AGONIST and the JOINT that the origin moves over
Define FLEXION
a movement around a joint that decreases the angle between the bones and the joint
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Define ISOTONIC CONTRACTION | contractions that cause the muscle to change length, producing movement |
Define CONCENTRIC | contractions that cause the muscle to shorten e.g. bicep curl (upwards) |
Define ECCENTRIC | contractions that cause the muscle to lengthen e.g. bicep curl (downwards) |
Define ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION | there is no change in the length of the contracting muscle, causing no movement |
What are FIXATORS ? | the muscle that STABILISES the ORIGIN of the AGONIST and the JOINT that the origin moves over |
Define FLEXION | a movement around a joint that decreases the angle between the bones and the joint |
Define EXTENSION | a movement around a joint that increases the angle between the bones and the joint |
Define LATERAL | towards the outside |
Define MEDIAL | towards the middle |
Define POSTERIOR | towards the back |
Define ANTERIOR | towards the front |
What movement occurs at the WRIST ? | flexion
- extension |
What movement occurs at the ELBOW ? | flexion
- extension |
What movement occurs at SHOULDER ? | flexion |
What movement occurs at the HIP ? | flexion |
What movement occurs at the KNEE ? | flexion
- extension |
What movement occurs at the ANKLE ? | plantar flexion
- dorsi flexion |
WRIST : FLEXION : AGONIST | wrist flexors |
WRIST : EXTENSION : AGONIST | wrist extensors |
ELBOW : FLEXION : AGONIST | biceps brachii |
ELBOW : EXTENSION : AGONIST | triceps brachii |
SHOULDER : FLEXION : AGONIST | anterior deltoid |
SHOULDER : EXTENSION : AGONIST | posterior deltoid |
SHOULDER : ADDUCTION : AGONIST | latissimus dorsi |
SHOULDER : ABDUCTION : AGONIST | middle deltoid |
SHOULDER : M.ROTATION : AGONIST | teres major |
SHOULDER : L.ROTATION : AGONIST | teres minor |
SHOULDER : HORIZONTAL F : AGONIST | pectorals major |
SHOULDER : HORIZONTAL E : AGONIST | posterior deltoid |
HIP : FLEXION : AGONIST | iliopsoas |
HIP : EXTENSION : AGONIST | gluteus maximus |
HIP : ADDUCTION : AGONIST | adductor longus, brevis, magnus |
HIP : ABDUCTION : AGONIST | gluteus medius / minus |
HIP : M.ROTATION : AGONIST | gluteus medius / minus |
HIP : L.ROTATION : AGONIST | gluteus maximus |