Biological Molecules, Genetic Mechanisms, and Biotechnology Concepts
This document discusses biological molecules, genetic mechanisms, and biotechnology concepts, likely covering molecular biology and genetic engineering.
Eli Simmons
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Biological Molecules, Genetic Mechanisms, and Biotechnology
Concepts
Cathedral
Cells required for construction and information
Information
is expressed in cellular expression outside and inside the cell
In cells
this information is stored and expressed from within the cell
itself
Information expression
in the cell is carefully sequenced and timed
phosphorus
an element in nature widely distributed in nucleic acids but
seldom found in newly synthesized proteins
sulfur
an element in nature widely distributed in proteins but never
found in nucleic like DNA or RNA
Fraction
a single portion of a biological sample that is being separated
into many such portions as part of a purification process.
virulent
possessing a highly increased ability to cause disease
transform
to change a hereditary characteristic of an organism by
introducing new DNA into its genome
gene
a segment of (usually) DNA that controls a single characteristic
or trait of an organism
DNase
an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of DNA either into small
segments of DNA or completely down to its nucleotide subunit
Concepts
Cathedral
Cells required for construction and information
Information
is expressed in cellular expression outside and inside the cell
In cells
this information is stored and expressed from within the cell
itself
Information expression
in the cell is carefully sequenced and timed
phosphorus
an element in nature widely distributed in nucleic acids but
seldom found in newly synthesized proteins
sulfur
an element in nature widely distributed in proteins but never
found in nucleic like DNA or RNA
Fraction
a single portion of a biological sample that is being separated
into many such portions as part of a purification process.
virulent
possessing a highly increased ability to cause disease
transform
to change a hereditary characteristic of an organism by
introducing new DNA into its genome
gene
a segment of (usually) DNA that controls a single characteristic
or trait of an organism
DNase
an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of DNA either into small
segments of DNA or completely down to its nucleotide subunit
proteinase
an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of protein either into
smaller segments of peptides or completely down to its amino
acid subunits
RNase
an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of RNA either into
smaller segments of RNA or completely down to its nucleotide
subunit
x-rays crystallography
a physical technique in which a purified sample of protein or
nucleic acid is exposed to high-powered electromagnetic
radiation to determine its molecular structure
complementary
in nucleic acids, describes the appropriately sized nucleotide
bases from opposite strands of a double-stranded DNA (adenine
with thymine, guanine with cytosine) that pair via hydrogen
bonds, thereby holding the double-stranded nucleic acid together
Chromatin
fibers within the cell nucleus consisting of DNA periodically
stabilized by being wrapped around protein spheres called
nucleosomes
chromosome
a highly coiled and organized arrangement of a single DNA
molecule within the nucleus of a cell; used ot transport DNA to a
daughter nucleus
nucleosome
a structural repeat unit within chromatin in which 147 base pair
of DNA are wrapped around a spherical protein core ofr
purposes of stability and protection
micron (or micrometer)
si 1/1000 of a millimeter; the millimeter is the smallest division
visible on a metric ruler
genotype
the genetic makeup of the informational specifications for an
organism
an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of protein either into
smaller segments of peptides or completely down to its amino
acid subunits
RNase
an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of RNA either into
smaller segments of RNA or completely down to its nucleotide
subunit
x-rays crystallography
a physical technique in which a purified sample of protein or
nucleic acid is exposed to high-powered electromagnetic
radiation to determine its molecular structure
complementary
in nucleic acids, describes the appropriately sized nucleotide
bases from opposite strands of a double-stranded DNA (adenine
with thymine, guanine with cytosine) that pair via hydrogen
bonds, thereby holding the double-stranded nucleic acid together
Chromatin
fibers within the cell nucleus consisting of DNA periodically
stabilized by being wrapped around protein spheres called
nucleosomes
chromosome
a highly coiled and organized arrangement of a single DNA
molecule within the nucleus of a cell; used ot transport DNA to a
daughter nucleus
nucleosome
a structural repeat unit within chromatin in which 147 base pair
of DNA are wrapped around a spherical protein core ofr
purposes of stability and protection
micron (or micrometer)
si 1/1000 of a millimeter; the millimeter is the smallest division
visible on a metric ruler
genotype
the genetic makeup of the informational specifications for an
organism
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Subject
Biology