Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11th Edition Test Bank

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1
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, 11e (Martini)
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Multiple Choice Questions
1) Anatomy is to ________ as physiology is to ________.
A) function; form
B) form; structure
C) structure; function
D) structure; form
E) growth; form
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
2) The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called
A) cytology.
B) histology.
C) embryology.
D) physiology.
E) anatomy.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
3) The study of the general form and superficial markings of an organism is called ________
anatomy.
A) gross
B) surface
C) systemic
D) regional
E) surgical
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
4) Anatomical features that change during illness are studied in ________ anatomy.
A) gross
B) surface
C) microscopic
D) pathological
E) regional
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

2
5) The study of the first two months of development is termed
A) histology.
B) embryology.
C) cytology.
D) pathology.
E) organology.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
6) The study of the function of specific organ systems is called
A) systemic physiology.
B) organ physiology.
C) cell physiology.
D) pathological physiology.
E) histology.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
7) Cardiovascular function is an example of
A) histophysiology.
B) organ physiology.
C) systemic physiology.
D) pathological physiology.
E) physiological chemistry.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
8) The study of the liver is to gross anatomy as the study of a liver cell is to
A) physiology.
B) regional anatomy.
C) cytology.
D) systemic anatomy.
E) radiographic anatomy.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

3
9) Identify the branch of biological science that studies the external and internal structure of the
body and the physical relationship among body parts.
A) genetics
B) physiology
C) embryology
D) anatomy
E) cytology
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
10) Identify the branch of biological science that deals with the study of how living organisms
perform their vital functions.
A) genetics
B) physiology
C) embryology
D) anatomy
E) cytology
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
11) The study of the changes in form that occur between conception and physical maturity is
called ________ anatomy.
A) developmental
B) clinical
C) systemic
D) embryological
E) physiological
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
12) The study of the anatomical organization of specific areas of the body is called ________
anatomy.
A) gross
B) surface
C) systemic
D) regional
E) clinical
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

4
13) The study of the relationships of the body's structures by examining cross sections of tissues
or organs is called ________ anatomy.
A) gross
B) surface
C) systemic
D) regional
E) sectional
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
14) Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most complex to the simplest?
A) cellular, tissue, molecular, system, organ, organism
B) molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
C) tissue, cellular, molecular, organ, system, organism
D) organ, organism, molecular, cellular, tissue, system
E) organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analyzing
15) Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood
formation?
A) integumentary
B) muscular
C) skeletal
D) nervous
E) endocrine
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
16) Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells?
A) cardiovascular
B) digestive
C) muscular
D) respiratory
E) urinary
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

5
17) Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils?
A) digestive
B) endocrine
C) nervous
D) cardiovascular
E) lymphatic
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
18) The kidneys and ureters are organs of the ________ system.
A) endocrine
B) digestive
C) respiratory
D) urinary
E) lymphatic
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
19) The pituitary gland and thyroid gland are organs of the ________ system.
A) endocrine
B) cardiovascular
C) respiratory
D) lymphatic
E) digestive
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
20) Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream?
A) cardiovascular
B) lymphatic
C) respiratory
D) digestive
E) endocrine
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

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21) Lungs are to the respiratory system as the liver is to the ________ system.
A) lymphatic
B) urinary
C) digestive
D) cardiovascular
E) nervous
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
22) Skin, hair, and nails are associated with the ________ system.
A) skeletal
B) muscular
C) integumentary
D) endocrine
E) immune
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
23) A chemical imbalance in the body can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn
will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that
A) all organisms are composed of cells.
B) all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.
C) chemical molecules make up cells.
D) blood has magical properties.
E) congenital defects can be life-threatening.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
24) In general, the nervous system does each of the following except
A) help to maintain homeostasis.
B) respond rapidly to change.
C) direct long-term responses to change.
D) direct very specific responses.
E) interpret sensory information.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding

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25) Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?
A) releases chemical messengers called hormones
B) produces a more rapid response than the nervous system
C) produces effects that last for days or longer
D) produces an effect that involves several organs or tissues at the same time
E) important homeostatic system
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
26) Systemic physiology is
A) the study of the effects of diseases on system functions.
B) the study of the function of specific organs.
C) the study of the functional chemistry of cells.
D) the study of all aspects of the functioning of specific organs systems.
E) the study of functions of the whole human body.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
27) Anatomy uses a special language, called ________ terminology, which involves the use of
word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms to construct terms related to the body in
health and disease.
A) clinical
B) pathological
C) medical
D) anatomical
E) surgical
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
28) ________ serves as a worldwide official standard of anatomical vocabulary.
A) Gray's Anatomy
B) Terminologia Anatomica
C) Hippocratic Corpus
D) Anatomia Inteligencia
E) De Materia Medica
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

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29) Many medical terms are rooted in
A) Latin.
B) German.
C) Greek.
D) Phoenician.
E) Greek or Latin.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
30) The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except
A) right upper quadrant (RUQ).
B) right lower quadrant (RLQ).
C) left upper quadrant (LUQ).
D) left lower quadrant (LLQ).
E) pelvic quadrant.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
31) Which of the following is not considered an abdominopelvic region?
A) right hypochondriac
B) right inguinal region
C) left lumbar
D) left hypochondriac
E) upper
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
32) A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is
in the ________ position.
A) supine
B) prone
C) anatomical
D) frontal
E) sagittal
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

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9
33) An anatomical term that means the same as ventral is
A) posterior.
B) inferior.
C) abdominal.
D) anterior.
E) superior.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
34) The heart is ________ to the lungs.
A) lateral
B) medial
C) posterior
D) proximal
E) distal
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
35) The wrist is ________ to the elbow.
A) proximal
B) distal
C) lateral
D) medial
E) horizontal
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
36) The chin is ________ to the nose.
A) anterior
B) superior
C) posterior
D) inferior
E) medial
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying

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10
37) Which of the following regions corresponds to the buttocks?
A) pelvic
B) cephalic
C) gluteal
D) lumbar
E) thoracic
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
38) Which of the following terms refers to the foot?
A) cervical
B) brachial
C) antebrachial
D) femoral
E) pedal
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
39) Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?
A) proximal
B) frontal
C) orthogonal
D) transverse
E) sagittal
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
40) A midsagittal section of the body would pass through the
A) kidney.
B) lung.
C) heart.
D) spleen.
E) leg.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

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41) The plane that separates the abdominal and the pelvic cavities is
A) the mediastinum.
B) sagittal on the brachium.
C) transverse at the hips.
D) midsagittal on the trunk.
E) superior to the thorax.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
42) Terms of anatomical direction are used to describe
A) one body part in relation to another.
B) surgical procedures.
C) a supine position.
D) the nervous system.
E) living matter.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
43) While standing erect, the direction of caudal is
A) toward the head.
B) toward the heel.
C) lateral to the trunk.
D) medial to the sides.
E) posterior to the head.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
44) While standing in the anatomical position,
A) front refers to anterior.
B) front refers to ventral.
C) back refers to posterior.
D) back refers to dorsal.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying

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12
45) The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant.
A) right upper
B) left upper
C) right lower
D) left lower
E) hepatic
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
46) The urinary bladder is found in the ________ quadrant and the ________ quadrant.
A) right upper; right lower
B) left upper; left lower
C) left upper; right upper
D) right lower; left lower
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
47) A person lying face down is in the ________ position.
A) anatomical
B) prone
C) supine
D) ventral
E) prostrate
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
48) A person lying on the bed and gazing at the ceiling is in the ________ position.
A) prone
B) supine
C) anatomical
D) dorsal
E) caudal
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

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49) The common term for the buccal region is the
A) back.
B) waist.
C) breast.
D) cheeks.
E) buttocks.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
50) The common term for the carpal region is the
A) wrist.
B) fingers.
C) ankle.
D) shin.
E) chest.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
51) The common name for the pollex is the
A) ear lobe.
B) belly.
C) big toe.
D) hand.
E) thumb.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
52) The common name for the patella is the
A) forehead.
B) knee.
C) heel.
D) palm of the hand.
E) chin.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

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53) A cut parallel to the midsagittal plane would produce a(n) ________ section.
A) frontal
B) transverse
C) oblique
D) parasagittal
E) coronal
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
54) The abdominopelvic region that is immediately superior to the umbilical region is the
A) hypogastric region.
B) left hypochondriac region.
C) right inguinal region.
D) epigastric region.
E) left lumbar region.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
55) The abdominopelvic region that is immediately superior to the hypogastric region is the
A) umbilical region.
B) left hypochondriac region.
C) right inguinal region.
D) epigastric region.
E) left lumbar region.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
56) The diaphragm muscle separates the ________ from the ________.
A) pleural cavity; mediastinum
B) thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity
C) pericardial cavity; pleural cavity
D) abdominal cavity; pelvic cavity
E) pericardial sac; pericardial cavity
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering

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57) The thoracic cavity contains the
A) coelom.
B) pericardial cavity.
C) pelvic cavity.
D) pleural cavities.
E) pericardial and pleural cavities.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
58) The serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the
A) pericardium.
B) peritoneum.
C) pleura.
D) mediastinum.
E) abdomen.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
59) Which of the following organs is described as retroperitoneal?
A) stomach
B) kidney
C) urinary bladder
D) large intestine
E) spleen

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16
61) Visceral pericardium is located
A) on the heart itself.
B) lining the pleural cavity.
C) lining the pericardial cavity.
D) on the lung itself.
E) lining the peritoneal cavity.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
62) The mediastinum
A) contains the pleural cavities.
B) separates the pleural cavities.
C) contains the pericardial cavity.
D) contains the pleural cavities and pericardial cavity.
E) separates the pleural cavities and includes the pericardial cavity.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
63) Identify the structure located within the mediastinum.
A) pericardial cavity
B) small intestine
C) lung
D) spleen

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17
65) The ________ is the membrane that covers the internal organs.
A) parietal serosa
B) visceral serosa
C) mucous membrane
D) cutaneous membrane
E) serous membrane
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
66) The ________ is the membrane that covers the inner surface of cavity walls.
A) parietal serosa
B) visceral serosa
C) mucous membrane
D) cutaneous membrane
E) serous membrane
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
67) Which of the following imaging techniques causes particles within atoms to line up in
uniform direction allowing the imaging of soft tissue?
A) PET scan
B) ultrasound
C) digital subtraction angiography
D) MRI

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18
69) The imaging technique that builds an image by using sound waves reflected by internal
structures is called a
A) PET scan.
B) ultrasound.
C) digital subtraction angiography.
D) MRI.
E) CT scan.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
70) The central principle of physiology is
A) nutrition.
B) reflexes.
C) homeostasis.
D) stimulation.
E) temperature regulation.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
71) The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment in an organism is termed
A) positive feedback.
B) homeostasis.
C) negative feedback.
D) effector control.

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19
73) Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, and
a(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whose
activity has an effect on the same stimulus.
A) control center; effector; receptor
B) receiver; communicator; effector
C) receptor; control center; effector
D) effector; receiver; communicator
E) control center; receiver; effector
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
74) ________ results from the activities of the nervous or endocrine system.
A) Self-regulation
B) Automatic regulation
C) Intrinsic regulation
D) Extrinsic regulation
E) Autoregulation
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
75) The process that occurs when a cell, tissue, organ, or organ system adjusts in response to
some environmental change is
A) negative feedback.
B) positive feedback.
C) homeostatic equilibrium.
D) dynamic equilibrium.

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77) A cell or an organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is
termed a(n)
A) receptor.
B) thermoregulator.
C) hypothalamus.
D) effector.
E) stimulus.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
78) This type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal.
A) negative
B) positive
C) neutral
D) depressing
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
79) If a response decreases a disturbance, the control system is classified as a ________ feedback
system.
A) deficit
B) negative
C) neutral
D) polarized

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81) An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be
A) temperature sensors on the skin that detect a stimulus.
B) sweat glands that increase secretion.
C) regulatory centers that send commands to an effector.
D) effectors that cause blood vessels to dilate.
E) sweat glands that act like effectors.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
82) The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the
A) hypothalamus.
B) skin.
C) temperature sensor.
D) positive feedback center.
E) thermostat.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
83) Disease is an indicator of
A) negative feedback.
B) signs and symptoms.
C) homeostatic failure.
D) positive feedback.

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