Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology , 7th Edition

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Test Bank
Agnes Yard
Michael Yard
INDIANA UNIVERSITY—PURDUE UNIVERSITY AT INDIANAPOLIS (IUPUI)
Jason LaPres
LONE STAR COLLEGE—NORTH HARRIS
Judi L. Nath
LOURDES UNIVERSITY
Essentials of
Anatomy & Physiology
SIXTH EDITION
Frederic H. Martini, Ph.D.
Edwin F. Bartholomew, M.S.

Contents
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology ................................................................... 1
Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization ................................................................................ 25
Chapter 3 Cell Structure and Function ............................................................................................... 49
Chapter 4 The Tissue Level of Organization ..................................................................................... 82
Chapter 5 The Integumentary System .............................................................................................. 103
Chapter 6 The Skeletal System........................................................................................................... 125
Chapter 7 The Muscular System........................................................................................................ 169
Chapter 8 The Nervous System ......................................................................................................... 194
Chapter 9 The General and Special Senses ...................................................................................... 225
Chapter 10 The Endocrine System ...................................................................................................... 248
Chapter 11 The Cardiovascular System: Blood ................................................................................. 270
Chapter 12 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart .......................................................................... 289
Chapter 13 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation ....................................... 313
Chapter 14 The Lymphoid System and Immunity ........................................................................... 341
Chapter 15 The Respiratory System .................................................................................................... 366
Chapter 16 The Digestive System ........................................................................................................ 389
Chapter 17 Metabolism and Energetics .............................................................................................. 416
Chapter 18 The Urinary System .......................................................................................................... 434
Chapter 19 The Reproductive System ................................................................................................ 459
Chapter 20 Development and Inheritance ......................................................................................... 485

Chapter 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Characteristics of most living organisms include the ability to
A) repair and completely restore itself during any type of injury.
B) respond and adapt to their environment.
C) control the external environment.
D) form positive feedback loops.
E) create a protective covering over themselves.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
2) The waste products of metabolism are eliminated through the process of
A) assimilation.
B) absorption.
C) excretion.
D) digestion.
E) resorption.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
3) All of the chemical operations underway in the body refer to
A) systemic physiology.
B) special physiology.
C) cell physiology.
D) metabolism.
E) physiological chemistry.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
4) Which of the following is an accurate characteristic of humans?
A) Nutrients are absorbed directly from the environment.
B) Excretion involves movement across exposed surfaces.
C) Body cells must travel to one part of the body for nutrients and to another for waste
product removal.
D) Excretion is a simpler process than it is in smaller organisms.
E) Respiration is more complicated than it is in very small organisms.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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2 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
5) Surface anatomy is a topic in the study of
A) systemic physiology.
B) cytology.
C) histology.
D) cell physiology.
E) macroscopic anatomy.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
6) Studying all the superficial and internal features in one specific area of the body is called
A) gross anatomy.
B) surface anatomy.
C) systemic anatomy.
D) regional anatomy.
E) surgical anatomy.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
7) The study of function is to ________ as the study of form is to anatomy.
A) physiology
B) histology
C) microscopic anatomy
D) systemic anatomy
E) cytology
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
8) The study of cells and cellular structures is called
A) gross anatomy.
B) cytology.
C) histology.
D) organology.
E) microbiology.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
9) Which of the following involves the study of events focused at the molecular level?
A) pathological physiology
B) systemic physiology
C) cytology
D) histology
E) cell physiology
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 3
10) The study of body structure is called ________.
A) physiology
B) homeostasis
C) anatomy
D) positive feedback
E) negative feedback
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
11) The branch of biological science that deals with how the kidney functions is called ________.
A) endocrine physiology
B) histology
C) adrenal anatomy
D) cytology
E) renal physiology
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
12) Which division of anatomy focuses on the form and structure of the heart, blood, and blood
vessels?
A) regional anatomy
B) surface anatomy
C) cytology
D) histology
E) systemic anatomy
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
13) In dealing with physiology, function is related to
A) form.
B) location.
C) size.
D) cavity.
E) system.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
14) A cardiologist studies the human body mainly with an approach resembling
A) gross anatomy.
B) surface anatomy.
C) microscopic anatomy.
D) systemic anatomy.
E) regional anatomy.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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4 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
15) Which of the following is an organ?
A) blood
B) heart
C) peritoneum
D) connective tissue
E) mitochondrion
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
16) A collection of cells that work together designates a(n)
A) chemical.
B) organ.
C) tissue.
D) organ system.
E) molecule.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
17) Which of the following is the simplest level of organization?
A) cellular
B) chemical
C) organ
D) system
E) tissue
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
18) The heart, blood, and blood vessels combine to form which of the following?
A) a group of cells
B) an organ system
C) the smallest level of organization
D) an organ
E) an individual living entity
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
19) Contractile protein fibers of the heart are considered to belong to which level of organization?
A) tissue
B) organism
C) cellular
D) chemical
E) organ
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 5
20) Which of the following is an accurate description of the cellular level of organization?
A) Cells consist of two or more different tissues working together to perform specific
functions.
B) Cells are considered to be the largest living units in the body.
C) Cells are comprised of different molecules that interact to form larger structures, each
type of which has a specific function.
D) Cells combine to form molecules with complex shapes, which determine their
function(s).
E) Cardiac muscle is an example of the cellular level of organization.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
21) The fact that a single defective protein causes cystic fibrosis, a multisystemic illness, proves
that
A) all organisms are composed of cells.
B) all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.
C) chemical molecules make up cells.
D) all cells are independent of each other.
E) congenital defects can be life threatening.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Application
22) The production of another human organism is the function of which of the following systems?
A) skeletal
B) reproductive
C) respiratory
D) lymphoid
E) cardiovascular
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
23) Coordinating the activities of other organ systems in order to direct immediate responses to
stimuli is characteristic of the
A) integumentary system.
B) endocrine system.
C) nervous system.
D) cardiovascular system.
E) None of these is correct.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge

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6 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
24) The trachea and lungs are components of the
A) endocrine system.
B) digestive system.
C) respiratory system.
D) urinary system.
E) lymphoid system.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
25) The pituitary and thyroid glands are components of the
A) endocrine system.
B) cardiovascular system.
C) respiratory system.
D) lymphoid system.
E) digestive system.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
26) Gas exchange is a function of the
A) cardiovascular system.
B) lymphoid system.
C) respiratory system.
D) urinary system.
E) endocrine system.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
27) Which structure(s) is/are a component of the digestive system?
A) pituitary gland
B) ligaments
C) urethra
D) arteries
E) liver
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
28) Covering, protection, and thermoregulation are functions of which organ system of the human
body?
A) integumentary
B) muscular
C) skeletal
D) nervous
E) endocrine
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 7
29) The thymus is associated with which organ system?
A) nervous
B) lymphatic
C) digestive
D) urinary
E) endocrine
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
30) Which of the following is characteristic of the endocrine system?
A) It releases chemical messengers called neurotransmitters.
B) It produces a more rapid response to body changes than the nervous system.
C) It can produce effects that last for days or longer.
D) It can produce an effect that involves only one tissue at a time.
E) It is an important thermoregulatory system.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
31) What is/are the primary function(s) of the skeletal system?
A) protection from environment
B) internal transport of materials
C) support, protection, and mineral storage
D) delivery of air for gas exchange
E) locomotion and heat production
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 9
33) What is(are) the function(s) of the organ system labeled #3?
A) help control body temperature
B) provides support; produces heat
C) provides support; protects tissues; stores minerals
D) directs immediate responses to stimuli
E) defends against infection and disease
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
34) Lungs are to the respiratory system as the spleen is to the
A) lymphatic system.
B) urinary system.
C) digestive system.
D) cardiovascular system.
E) muscular system.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Application
35) A structure that senses change is called a(n) ________.
A) stimulus
B) receptor
C) effector
D) integration center
E) control center
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
36) The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions with respect to the
external environment is called ________.
A) integration
B) internal regulation
C) responsiveness
D) homeostasis
E) external regulation
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
37) Which component of a homeostatic regulation is characterized by activity that opposes or
enhances the stimulus?
A) balance
B) control center
C) integration center
D) positive feedback loop
E) effector
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Application

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10 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
38) Itʹs the middle of winter and a typically healthy person starts to exit a building without a coat,
but re-enters the building to retrieve her coat. This regulation mechanism is an example of
A) negative feedback.
B) positive feedback.
C) homeostatic regulation.
D) diagnostic regulation.
E) a behavioral change and is not related to the internal environment.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Application
39) The prevention of change, by ignoring minor variations and maintaining a normal range
rather than a fixed value, is characteristic of
A) positive feedback.
B) stimulus reinforcement.
C) negative feedback.
D) effector control.
E) both positive and negative feedback loops.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
40) The increasingly forceful labor contractions that lead to childbirth are an example of which
type of mechanism?
A) receptor activation
B) effector shutdown
C) negative feedback
D) positive feedback
E) thermoregulation
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
41) An initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus in ________.
A) positive feedback
B) homeostasis
C) negative feedback
D) regulation
E) integration
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 11
42) Which of the following describes a mechanism that brings the internal environment back to
normal?
A) integration
B) regulation
C) positive feedback
D) negative feedback
E) homeostasis
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
43) Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?
A) An increase in normal body temperature triggers heat loss through enhanced blood flow
to the skin and increased sweating.
B) An increase in ambient room temperature triggers the thermostat to turn on the heater.
C) A severe cut triggers accelerated blood clotting until the bleeding stops.
D) Increased blood sugar stimulates the release of a hormone from the pancreas that
stimulates the liver to release blood sugar.
E) An increase in body temperature triggers a neural response that initiates physiological
changes to increase body temperature.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Application
44) Regarding components of negative feedback in thermoregulation, what is the correlative of the
skeletal muscles?
A) effector
B) control center
C) receptor
D) integrator
E) stimulus
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Analysis
45) A person who is lying on his or her stomach is said to be in the
A) supine position.
B) prone position.
C) transverse position.
D) frontal position.
E) sagittal position.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge

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12 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
46) Which directional term indicates the back of the body?
A) lateral
B) proximal
C) dorsal
D) ventral
E) medial
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
47) Which of the following anatomical landmarks corresponds to the groin?
A) inguinal
B) cephalon
C) gluteus
D) lumbus
E) thoracis
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
48) Which of the following regions corresponds to the foot?
A) cervicis
B) brachium
C) antebrachium
D) femur
E) pes
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
49) A person lying face up in the anatomical position is said to be in the ________ position.
A) coronal
B) supine
C) prone
D) sagittal
E) lateral
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
50) The forearm is called the ________.
A) acromial
B) olecranon
C) antebrachium
D) lumbus
E) brachium
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 13
51) Which term refers to the posterior of the knee?
A) popliteus
B) patella
C) antecubitis
D) inguinal
E) lumbus
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
52) The term ________ refers to the wrist.
A) pes
B) tarsus
C) manus
D) palmar
E) carpus
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
53) Describe the regional term ʺantecubitis.ʺ
A) back of knee
B) midline of back
C) eye
D) front of elbow
E) forearm
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
54) A cut parallel to the long axis of the body would produce a(n) ________ section.
A) coronal
B) sagittal
C) frontal
D) transverse
E) horizontal
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
55) Using anatomical terms of direction, supply the word that would make the sentence correct.
The stomach is ________ to the lungs.
A) ventral
B) dorsal
C) superior
D) inferior
E) deep
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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14 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
56) Which of the following is medial to the breast?
A) sternum
B) shoulder
C) elbow
D) digits
E) knee
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
57) The wrist is ________ to the elbow.
A) proximal
B) distal
C) lateral
D) medial
E) deep
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
58) The navel is ________ to the chin.
A) anterior
B) superior
C) posterior
D) inferior
E) medial
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
59) In the terminology of planes and sections, which example includes two terms with identical
meanings?
A) frontal/coronal
B) coronal/horizontal
C) equatorial/coronal
D) sagittal/midsagittal
E) caudal/cranial
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
60) Anterior is to ________ as posterior is to dorsal.
A) cranial
B) ventral
C) caudal
D) inferior
E) medial
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 15
61) A cut passing parallel to the long axis of the body that divides it into unequal left and right
halves is known as which type of sectional plane?
A) frontal
B) coronal
C) transverse
D) sagittal
E) horizontal
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
62) A diagnostic technique that employs a radiopaque dye injected into blood vessels is called a(n)
A) digital subtractive angiography (DSA).
B) radiograph.
C) CT scan.
D) MRI.
E) ultrasound.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 17
64) Which of the following structures is located superior to the nasus?
A) 35
B) 4
C) 32
D) 5
E) 30
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
65) Which number identifies the tarsal region?
A) 16
B) 29
C) 10
D) 20
E) 9
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
66) The leg region (#15) is also known by its anatomical term, ________.
A) tarsal
B) pedal
C) patellar
D) crural
E) carpal
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
67) The pollex is located in which region?
A) 18
B) 23
C) 12
D) 14
E) 16
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 19
69) Which number identifies the acromial region?
A) 3
B) 13
C) 2
D) 12
E) 1
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
70) The kneecap is patellar, whereas the back of the knee is ________.
A) crural
B) pedal
C) manual
D) popliteal
E) pubic
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
71) What is the anatomical term for the calf?
A) crural
B) plantar
C) calcaneal
D) sural
E) tarsal
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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20 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
Photo Credit: Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc.
Figure 1‐4 Abdominopelvic Quadrants
Use Figure 1‐4 to answer the following question(s):
72) Tenderness in which region(s) may be an indication of gallbladder or liver problems?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 1
D) 3 & 4
E) 3
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
73) The appendix is typically located in which region(s)?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 1
D) 3
E) 1 & 3
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 21
Photo Credit: Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc.
Figure 1‐5 Abdominopelvic Regions
Use Figure 1‐5 to answer the following question(s):
74) Which of the following is the hypogastric region?
A) 3
B) 6
C) 9
D) 4
E) 8
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
75) The majority of the stomach and the liver, together, are typically located in which region?
A) 5
B) 4
C) 1
D) 7
E) 6
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Analysis
76) The spleen is normally found in which abdominopelvic region?
A) hypogastric
B) left inguinal region
C) right hypochondriac
D) right lumbar region
E) left hypochondriac
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Application

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22 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
77) Choose the directional term to make the following sentence correct.
The knee is ________ to the foot.
A) lateral
B) medial
C) superficial
D) distal
E) proximal
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Application
78) The arm is to brachium as the cheek is to ________.
A) cranial
B) facial
C) cervical
D) ocular
E) buccal
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Application
79) Mary, who is six months pregnant, goes to her obstetrician for a test to check the development
of her fetus. She uses a device that employs sound waves to produce an image of the fetus.
This technique is known as
A) an X‐ray.
B) a CT scan.
C) an MRI.
D) an ultrasound.
E) radiography.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Analysis
80) The heart is surrounded by the ________ membrane.
A) pericardial
B) peritoneal
C) visceral
D) serous
E) pleural
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 23
81) The membrane covering the surface of the stomach is named the
A) parietal pleura.
B) visceral pleura.
C) pericardial sac.
D) visceral peritoneum.
E) serous membrane.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
82) The membrane covering the surface of the lung is referred to as the
A) visceral pericardium.
B) parietal peritoneum.
C) visceral pleura.
D) serous membrane.
E) mediastinum.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
83) The heart, lungs, and small intestine would collectively be found in the
A) dorsal body cavity.
B) peritoneal cavity.
C) pleural cavity.
D) ventral body cavity.
E) abdominopelvic cavity.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
84) The diaphragm separates the ________ cavity from the ________ cavity.
A) pleural; mediastinum
B) thoracic; abdominopelvic
C) pericardial; pleural
D) abdominal; pelvic
E) pericardial sac; pericardial
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
85) The main function of a serous membrane is to
A) reduce friction.
B) protect organs.
C) allow blood to pass.
D) hold organs together.
E) fill empty spaces.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension

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24 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
86) The peritoneal cavity contains the
A) heart.
B) small intestine.
C) lungs.
D) diaphragm.
E) thymus.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
87) The inner surface of the abdominal body wall is lined by which serous membrane?
A) visceral pleura
B) visceral pericardium
C) visceral peritoneum
D) parietal pleura
E) parietal peritoneum
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
88) The mediastinum separates ________ from the ________.
A) the pleural cavity; coelom
B) the thoracic cavity; peritoneal cavity
C) one pleural cavity; other pleural cavity
D) the abdominal cavity; pelvic cavity
E) the pericardial sac; pericardial cavity
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
Essay Questions
89) It is a warm day and you feel a little chilled. On checking your temperature, you find that your
body temperature is 1.5 degrees below normal. Suggest some possible reasons for this
situation.
Answer: There are several reasons why your body temperature may have dropped. Your body
may be losing heat faster than it is being produced. This, however, is more likely to
occur on a cool day. Various chemical factors, such as hormones, may have caused a
decrease in your metabolic rate, and thus your body is not producing as much heat as it
normally would. Alternatively, you may be suffering from an infection that has
temporarily changed the set point of the bodyʹs ʺthermostat.ʺ This would seem to be the
most likely explanation considering the circumstances given in the question.
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Analysis

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Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization
Multiple-Choice Questions
1) The branch of science that investigates matter and its interactions is
A) biology.
B) pathology.
C) botany.
D) geology.
E) chemistry.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
2) The uncharged subatomic particles are called
A) atoms.
B) molecules.
C) protons.
D) neutrons.
E) electrons.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
3) Which of the following would have a negative charge?
A) an atom
B) a molecule
C) a proton
D) a neutron
E) an electron
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
4) Atoms that are of the same element but contain different numbers of neutrons are called
A) isomers.
B) cations.
C) isotopes.
D) anions.
E) None of these are correct.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge

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26 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
5) The atomic number of an atom is determined by the
A) number of protons.
B) number of neutrons.
C) number and arrangement of electrons.
D) size of the atom.
E) mass of the atom.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
6) Positively charged subatomic particles are called
A) isotopes.
B) neutrons.
C) electrons.
D) protons.
E) radioactivity.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
7) A(n) ________ contains atoms with the same atomic number.
A) base
B) element
C) cation
D) anion
E) enzyme
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
8) The area around the center of an atom, which contains negatively charged subatomic particles,
is called the electron ________.
A) cloud
B) nucleus
C) active site
D) buffering zone
E) double helix
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
9) Which of the following elements is found in all organic molecules?
A) nitrogen
B) oxygen
C) iron
D) carbon
E) copper
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge

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Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of Organization 27
10) Atoms of the same element have the same number of ________ but may have a different
number of ________.
A) protons; electrons
B) electrons; protons
C) electrons; neutrons
D) neutrons; electrons
E) protons; neutrons
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
11) The mass number represents the number of
A) protons in an atom.
B) electrons in an ion.
C) neutrons in an atom.
D) protons and neutrons.
E) neutrons and electrons.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
12) Which of the following is sometimes used in diagnostic imaging?
A) a radioisotope
B) a proton
C) an ion
D) an atom
E) an electrolyte
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
13) How many electrons do most atoms need in their second outer shell in order to be stable?
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) six
E) eight
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Comprehension
14) If an element is composed of atoms with an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 14, then
an electrically neutral atom of this element contains
A) 6 protons.
B) 6 neutrons.
C) 6 electrons.
D) 14 protons.
E) 14 electrons.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Application

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28 Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology
15) Which is the correct description of a molecule?
A) It is an electrically charged atom.
B) It cannot be broken down physically.
C) It is comprised of two or more elements bonded together.
D) It is the smallest unit of matter.
E) It is comprised of two or more atoms sharing electrons.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
16) Combinations of atoms that contain two or more different elements are called
A) molecules.
B) compounds.
C) mixtures.
D) isotopes.
E) None of these are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
17) Ions with a negative charge are called
A) cations.
B) anions.
C) radicals.
D) polyatomic ions.
E) None of these are correct.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
18) Covalent bonds are formed when
A) atoms share electrons.
B) cations and anions are held together by their opposite charges.
C) electrons are exchanged between atoms.
D) hydrogen forms bonds with negatively charged atoms in the same or different molecules.
E) two or more atoms lose electrons at the same time.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge
19) When an anion and a cation are electrically attracted to each other, ________ is formed.
A) an ion
B) a molecule
C) a hydrogen bond
D) an ionic bond
E) a covalent bond
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloomʹs Taxonomy: Knowledge

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Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology , 7th Edition

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