Test Bank For Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 12th Edition Test Bank

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Testbank Chapter 1. An Introduction to the Human Body
Multiple Choice
1. This is the study of the functions of body structures.
a. Anatomy
b. Physiology
c. Dissection
d. Histology
e. Immunology
Ans: B
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 1.1
2. This is defined as a group of cells with similar structure and function.
a. Tissue
b. Organ
c. Molecules
d. Compounds
e. Organism
Ans: A
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 1.2
3. Using your fingers to find your pulse on your wrist is an example of
a. Auscultation
b. Palpation
c. Responsiveness
d. Gross anatomy
e. Physiologist
Ans: B
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.2

4. Percussion techniques can be used to determine
a. Heart beats
b. Pulse rate
c. Amplify sounds
d. Fluid in the lungs
e. Enlarged organs
Ans: D
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.2
5. This is the sum of all cellular processes that occur in the body.
a. Metabolism
b. Anabolism
c. Catabolism
d. Auscultation
e. Palpation
Ans: A
Difficulty: hard
Feedback: 1.3
6. List the basic processes of life.
Ans: The basic processes of life include metabolism, responsiveness, movement,
growth, differentiation and reproduction.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.3
7. This is the regulation of body conditions within normal limits.
a. Palpation
b. Percussion
c. Homeostasis
d. Autopsy
e. Histology
Ans: C
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 1.4

8. The systems that provide homeostasis are:
a. Cardiovascular and Integumentary
b. Nervous system and Endocrine
c. Cardiovascular and respiratory systems
d. Respiratory and muscular systems
e. Urinary and integumentary systems
Ans: B
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 1.4
9. This body fluid directly affects the proper functioning of cells.
a. Lymph
b. Blood
c. Interstitial fluid
d. Aqueous humor
e. Vitreous body
Ans: C
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.4
10. Name the differences between a positive and a negative feedback system.
Ans: A positive feedback system will strengthen or reinforce a change in one of
the body’s controlled conditions while a negative feedback system will reverse a
change in a controlled condition.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.4
11. This is the structure of a feedback system that receives output from the control
center.
a. Receptor
b. Body fluids
c. Brain
d. Effector
e. Afferent

Ans: D
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.4
12. This is the structure of a feedback system that provides input to the control center.
a. Receptor
b. Muscle
c. Brain
d. Effector
e. Efferent
Ans: A
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.4
13. A condition NOT regulated by a negative feedback loop would be:
a. Childbirth
b. Body temperature
c. Blood pressure
d. Heart rate
e. Blood sugar
Ans: A
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.4
14. This is a change in body function that can be measured objectively.
a. Symptom
b. Disorder
c. Disturbance
d. Disease
e. Sign
Ans: E
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.4

Essay
15. Describe the anatomical position.
Ans: In the anatomical position the subject stands erect facing the observer with
the head level and the eyes facing forward. The feet are flat on the floor and
directed forward and the arms are at the sides with the palms turned forward.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
Multiple Choice
16. In which cavity is the brain located?
a. Cranial cavity
b. Vertebral cavity
c. Abdominal cavity
d. Pericardial cavity
e. Pleural cavity
Ans: A
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback: 1.5
17. In which cavity are the lungs located?
a. Cranial cavity
b. Vertebral cavity
c. Abdominal cavity
d. Pericardial cavity
e. Pleural cavity
Ans: E
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback: 1.5
18. In which cavity is the stomach located?
a. Cranial cavity

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b. Vertebral cavity
c. Abdominal cavity
d. Pericardial cavity
e. Pleural cavity
Ans: C
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback: 1.5
19. This cavity is inferior to the abdominopelvic cavity.
a. Vertebral canal
b. Cranial cavity
c. Abdominal cavity
d. Pericardial cavity
e. Pelvic cavity
Ans: E
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
20. Which cavity would include the heart?
a. Cranial cavity
b. Vertebral cavity
c. Abdominal cavity
d. Pericardial cavity
e. Pleural cavity
Ans: D
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback: 1.5
21. The function of the secretions of the serous membrane is to:
a. Separate the thoracic and abdominal cavities
b. Protect the central nervous system
c. Prevent infection
d. Reduce friction between organs
e. Carry nervous impulses
Ans: D
Difficulty: Medium

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Feedback: 1.5
22. This plane divides the body into right and left halves.
a. Frontal
b. Sagittal
c. Transverse
d. Oblique
e. Coronal
Ans: B
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
23. This plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves.
a. Frontal
b. Sagittal
c. Transverse
d. Oblique
e. Midsagittal
Ans: A
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
24. A transverse plane will cut a body or organ into
a. Anterior and posterior
b. Left and right
c. Superior and inferior
d. At an angle
e. Unequal left and right sides
Ans: C
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
25. This directional term means farthest from the midline.
a. Medial
b. Anterior

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c. Proximal
d. Deep
e. Lateral
Ans: E
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
26. This directional term means farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or
farther from the origination of a structure.
a. Deep
b. Contralateral
c. Lateral
d. Cephalic
e. Distal
Ans: E
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
27. This directional term is the opposite of deep.
a. Superficial
b. Superior
c. Inferior
d. Distal
e. Proximal
Ans: A
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.6
28. Choose the directional term that would make the sentence correct. The heart is
_____ to the liver.
a. Inferior
b. Anterior
c. Contralateral
d. Superior
e. Superficial
Ans: D

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Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
29. Choose the directional term that would make the sentence correct: The sternum is
____ to the heart.
a. Posterior
b. Anterior
c. Inferior
d. Superior
e. Lateral
Ans: B
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
30. Which of the following organs is not found in the abdominal cavity?
a. Stomach
b. Spleen
c. Liver
d. Gallbladder
e. Diaphragm
Ans: E
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
31. This covers the viscera within the thoracic and abdominal cavities and lines the
walls of the thorax and abdomen.
a. Pericardium
b. Pleura
c. Mediastinum
d. Diaphragm
e. Serous membrane
Ans: E
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5

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Ans: The four cavities are the pericardial, pleural, abdominal and pelvic. The
pericardial membrane is lined by the pericardium. The pleura lines the pleural
cavity. The abdominal and pelvic cavities are lined by the peritoneum.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.5
45. List the eleven systems of the human body.
Ans: The eleven system of the human body include the integumentary, skeletal,
muscular, nervous, digestive, urinary, respiratory, immune and lymphatic,
cardiovascular, endocrine, and reproductive systems.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.2
46. Name the structural levels of the body and describe each level.
Ans: The chemical level consists of atoms and molecules which are formed from
the atoms. The cell level consists of cells which are the smallests form of life. The
tissue level consists of groups of cells that work to provide a single function. The
organ level consists of organs, constructed of different types of tissue, that can
provide several different specific functions. The systems consist of one to many
organs that are interlinked in general functions. The organism is made up of all of
the systems which work to provide homeostasis.
Difficulty: Hard
Feedback: 1.2
47. List and briefly describe the six basic life processes.
Ans: The six basic life processes include metabolism, which is the sum of all
chemical processes in the body. Responsiveness is the body’s ability to detect
and respond to internal and external stimuli. Movement includes motion of an
individual cell to the entire body. Growth means an increase in body size or an
increase in the number of cells. Differentiation is the process from taking a cell
from unspecialized to specialized. Reproduction refers to formation of new cells
for growth and repair or production of a new individual.
Difficulty: hard
Feedback: 1.3

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48. Describe a feedback system and list the components.
Ans: A feedback loop is a cycle of events in which the status of the body
condition is monitored, evaluated and changed to maintain homeostasis. A
feedback system will include a receptor that detects the stimuli, a control central
that receives the input from the receptor and generates an output and an effector
that that produces a response.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 1.4

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Testbank Chapter 2. The Chemical Level of Organization
Multiple Choice
1. What are the major elements found in the body?
a. Nitrogen, oxygen, calcium, sodium
b. Hydrogen, carbon, phosphorus, calcium
c. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
d. Oxygen, nitrogen, potassium, calcium
e. Potassium, phosphorus, sodium, hydrogen
Ans: C
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.1
2. The subatomic particles that make up atoms include:
a. Neutrons, quarks, muons
b. Protons, neutrons, electrons
c. Muons, positons, neutrons
d. Electrons, quarks, protons
e. Positons, protons, neutrons
Ans: B
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.1
3. Which of the following particles has a neutral charge?
a. Neutron
b. Electron
c. Proton
d. All of the above
Ans: A
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.1

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4. What region of an atom contains the protons and neutrons?
a. Cloud
b. Nucleus
c. Element
d. Ring
e. Shell
Ans: B
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.1
5. This is the number of protons or electrons.
a. Mass number
b. Atomic number
c. Isotope
d. Valence shell
e. None of the above
Ans: B
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.1
6. As an atoms nucleus decays, it will emit radiation. This is seen in
a. Compounds
b. Cations
c. Anions
d. Isotopes
e. Molecules
Ans: D
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.1
7. This refers to the atomic weight of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element.
a. Mass number
b. Atomic number
c. Atomic mass
d. Ionic mass
e. Covalent mass

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Ans: C
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.1
8. Describe a beneficial use of radiation?.
Ans: Radiation can be used for imaging purposes, create tracers and treatment of
cancers by destroying cancer cells.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.1
Essay
9. Briefly describe the octet rule.
Ans: One atom is more likely to interact with another atom if doing so will leave
both atoms with eight electrons in their valence shells.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.1
Multiple Choice
10. Which of the following particles plays a role in creating chemical bonds?
a. Neutron
b. Electron
c. Proton
d. All of the above
Ans: B
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.2

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11. This is a negatively charged atom.
a. Superoxide
b. Isotope
c. Catalyst
d. Ion
e. Valence
Ans: D
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.2
12. Which of the below provide an electrical current?.
a. Isotope
b. Ionic molecule
c. Compound
d. Electrolyte
e. Valence molecule
Ans: D
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.5
13. This type of bond requires a sharing of electrons.
a. Covalent
b. Ionic
c. Hydrogen
d. Atomic
e. Electronic
Ans: A
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.2
14. This is the type of bond between the atoms forming water
a. Nonpolar covalent
b. Polar covalent
c. Hydrogen
d. Ionic
e. Atomic

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Ans: B
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.2
Essay
15. Describe a hydrogen bond.
Ans: Hydrogen bonds form between the slightly positively charged hydrogen
atom and a slightly negatively charged atom, mostly oxygen or nitrogen.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.2
Multiple Choice
16. Which of the following bonds provides the three dimensional structure of large
molecules like proteins and DNA?
a. Nonpolar covalent
b. Polar covalent
c. Hydrogen
d. Ionic
e. Atomic
Ans: C
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.5
17. This occurs when new bonds form or old bonds break between atoms.
a. Ions
b. Electrolytes
c. Isotopes
d. Chemical reaction
e. Compounds
Ans: D

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Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.2
18. This is defined as the capacity to do work.
a. Metabolism
b. Electrolytes
c. Chemical reaction
d. Concentration
e. Energy
Ans: E
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.3
Essay
19. Describe the law of conservation of energy.
Ans: Energy cannot be created or destroyed but it may be converted from one
form to another form.
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.3
Multiple Choice
20. This type of reaction will absorb more energy that it releases.
a. Exergonic
b. Endergonic
c. Potential
d. Kinetic
e. Activation
Ans: B
Difficulty: easy
Feedback: 2.3

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21. An enzyme acts to
a. Raise the activation energy needed
b. Lower the activation energy needed
c. Convert the activation energy into potential
d. Convert the activation energy into kinetic
e. Break a chemical reaction
Ans: b
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.3
Essay
22. Describe three factors that increase the rate of chemical reactions.
Ans: Three factors that promote reaction rates are the presence of enzymes
(catalysts), increased concentration of reactants and increased temperature.
Difficulty: Hard
Feedback: 2.3
Multiple Choice
23. This type of reaction will combine reactants to produce larger products.
a. Synthesis
b. Decomposition
c. Potential
d. Exchange
e. Activated
Ans: A
Difficulty: medium
Feedback: 2.3

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