Genetics Second Canadian Edition Test Bank

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1
1. The first generation of offspring from the parents is called
A. P.
B. F1.
C. F2.
D. testcross.
E. backcross.
2. Which of the following terms is not a type of mating cross?
A. reciprocal
B. testcross
C. monohybrid
D. dihybrid
E. dominant
3. A _____________ is a cross between an unknown and a homozygous recessive.
A. testcross
B. dihybrid
C. monohybrid
D. backcross
E. controlled
4. If an individual has 10 gene pairs, how many different gametes can be formed if three of the gene
pairs are homozygous and the remaining seven gene pairs are heterozygous?
A. 49
B. 100
C. 128
D. 1024
E. 131,072

5. If the parents of a family already have two boys, what is the probability that the next two offspring
will be girls?
A. 1
B. 1/2
C. 1/3
D. 1/4
E. 1/8
6. In some genetically engineered corn plants, a dominant gene (BT) produces a protein that is
lethal to certain flying insect pests that eat the corn plants. It was also found that the pollen could
cause death in some flying insects. If the corn plant is heterozygous for BT, what proportion of the
pollen would carry the dominant gene?
A. all pollen
B. 1/2
C. 1/3
D. 1/4
E. 1/8
7. Suppose that in plants, smooth seeds (S) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (s) and tall plants (T)
are dominant to short plants (t). A tall plant with smooth seeds was backcrossed to a parent that
was short and wrinkled. Assuming independent assortment, what proportion of the progeny is
expected to be homozygous for short and wrinkled?
A. 1/2
B. 1/4
C. 1/8
D. 1/16
E. 0
8. A rare recessive trait in a pedigree is indicated by which pattern of inheritance?
A. vertical
B. horizontal
C. diagonal
D. both vertical and horizontal
E. father to daughter inheritance

9. Sickle cell anaemia is a recessive trait in humans. The gene that causes this disease is not
located on the sex chromosomes. In a cross between a father who has sickle cell anaemia and a
mother who is heterozygous for the gene, what is the probability that their first three children will
have the normal phenotype?
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. none
D. 1/8
E. 1/16 will be albino
10. A dominant trait, Huntington disease, causes severe neural/brain damage at approximately age
40. The gene that causes this disease is not located on the sex chromosomes. A female whose
mother has Huntington disease marries a male whose parents are normal. It is not known if the
female has the disease. Assuming the female's mother was a heterozygote, and her father was
normal, what is the probability that their firstborn will inherit the gene that causes Huntington
disease?
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%
E. 0%
11. In a monohybrid cross AA × aa, what proportion of homozygotes is expected among the F2
offspring?
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 3/4
D. All are homozygotes.
E. None are homozygotes.

12. An allele that expresses its phenotype even when heterozygous with a recessive allele is termed
A. recessive.
B. recombinant.
C. dominant.
D. D)parental.
E. independent.
13. Assume that in guinea pigs, dark brown fur (B) is dominant to black fur (b). If you mate a black
guinea pig with a homozygous brown guinea pig, what proportion of the progeny will be
homozygous?
A. none
B. 1/4
C. 1/2
D. 3/4
E. all
14. In the dihybrid cross AaBb × aabb, what proportion of individuals are expected to be homozygotic
for both genes in the F1 generation?
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 3/4
D. All are homozygotes.
E. None are homozygotes.
15. ______ is/are a cross(es) between parents that differ in only one trait.
A. Self-fertilization
B. Cross fertilization
C. Monohybrid crosses
D. Artificial selection
E. Reciprocal crosses

16. Assuming independent assortment, which of the crosses below will produce a 1:1 phenotypic
ratio among the F1 progeny?
A. AABB × aabb
B. AaBb × AaBb
C. AaBb × aabb
D. AaBB × aaBB
E. AAbb × aaBB
17. The actual alleles present in an individual make up the individual's
A. recombinant types.
B. zygote.
C. dominant allele.
D. allele.
E. genotype.
18. In a dihybrid cross AAbb × aaBB, what proportion of the F2 offspring is expected to be
homozygotic for at least one gene?
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 3/4
D. All are homozygotes.
E. None are homozygotes.
19. A phenotype reflecting a new combination of genes occurring during gamete formation is called
A. a recombinant type.
B. an independent assortment.
C. heterozygous.
D. homozygous.
E. a multihybrid cross.

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20. Assume that in guinea pigs, dark brown fur (B) is dominant to black fur (b). If you mate a
homozygous black guinea pig with a heterozygous brown guinea pig, what proportion of the
progeny will be black?
A. none
B. 1/4
C. 1/2
D. 3/4
E. all
21. The diploid cell formed by the fertilization of the egg by the sperm during sexual reproduction is a
A. reciprocal.
B. zygote.
C. dihybrid.
D. gamete.
E. monohybrid.
22. In a dihybrid cross for which the parental cross is AABB × aabb, what proportion of F2 offspring
will be heterozygous for both genes? Assume independent assortment.
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 3/4
D. All are heterozygotes.
E. None are heterozygotes.
23. An alternative form of a single gene is known as
A. parental.
B. dihybrid.
C. reciprocal.
D. allele.
E. recessive.

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24. Assume that in guinea pigs, dark brown fur (B) is dominant to black fur (b). If you mate a
homozygous black guinea pig with a homozygous brown guinea pig, what proportion of the
progeny will be heterozygous?
A. none
B. 1/4
C. 1/2
D. 3/4
E. all
25. Which of the crosses listed below will give a 1:1:1:1 genotypic ratio in the F1 generation? Assume
independent assortment.
A. AABB × aabb
B. AaBb × AaBb
C. AaBb × aabb
D. AaBB × aaBB
E. AAbb × aaBB
26. For the cross AaBb × aabb, what proportion of F1 offspring will be heterozygous for both gene
pairs? Assume independent assortment.
A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 3/4
D. All are heterozygotes.
E. None are heterozygotes.
27. The purposeful control over mating by choice of parents for the next generation is called
A. artificial selection
B. natural selection
C. mutation
D. evolution
E. random selection

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28. When both egg and pollen from the same plant produce a zygote, the process is called
A. cross-pollination
B. outcrossing
C. self-fertilization
D. recombination
E. trans-pollination
29. Which of the following was not involved in the rediscovery of Mendel's work?
A. Correns
B. de Vries
C. Tschermak
D. Morgan
E. Watson
30. What does a vertical pattern of inheritance in a pedigree likely indicate?
A. rare recessive trait
B. rare dominant trait
C. mulitgenic inheritance
D. environmental impact
E. common recessive trait
31. Calculate the probability of either all-dominant or all-recessive genotypes for the alleles A, B, E,
and F in the following cross: AaBbccddEeFf× AaBbCcddEeFf
A. 1/32
B. 1/16
C. 1/64
D. 1/128
E. 1/256

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32. In some plants, a purple pigment is synthesized from a colourless precursor. In a cross between
two plants, one purple and the other colourless, an F1 generation was produced that was all-
purple. The F2 produced from the F1 had 775 purple, 200 red, and 65 colourless. What is the
genotype of the parents?
A. AABB × AABB
B. AABB × aabb
C. aabb × aabb
D. aaBB × aabb
E. AAbb × aabb
33. Lines that produce offspring carrying specific parental traits that remain constant from generation
to generation are called
A. maternal
B. indeterminate
C. heterozygous
D. pure-breeding
E. wild-type
34. After a cross between two corn plants, the F1 plants all had a dwarfed phenotype. The F2
consisted of 1,207 dwarf plants and 401 tall plants. Identify the phenotypes and genotypes of the
two parents.
A. DD (dwarf), dd (tall)
B. DD (tall), dd (dwarf)
C. dd (dwarf), dd (tall)
D. DD (dwarf), DD (tall)
E. dd (dwarf), Dd (tall)

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35. Rosy coloured eyes and forked bristles are unlinked, recessive traits in Drosophila. A rosy-eyed
Drosophila with wild-type bristles was crossed with a forked Drosophila with wild-type eyes. All of
the F1 were phenotypically wild-type for both traits, whereas the F2 consisted of 306 wild-type, 94
rosy-eyed, 102 fork-bristled, and 33 forked-bristled and rosy-eyed flies. Infer the genotypes of the
parents.
A. rrff, RRFF
B. Rrff, rrFf
C. RRFF, RRFF
D. rrff, rrff
E. RRff, rrFF
36. Which of the following is not a phenotypic description of allele interactions affecting the
expression of traits?
A. incomplete dominance
B. codominance
C. polymorphic
D. multifactorial
E. pleiotropic
37. An interaction between non-allelic genes that results in the masking of expression of a phenotype
is
A. epistasis.
B. epigenetic.
C. dominance.
D. codominance.
E. incomplete dominance.
38. Which of the following diseases show pleiotropism?
A. albinism
B. muscular dystrophy
C. colour blindness
D. sickle cell anaemia
E. male pattern baldness

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39. A deviation from normal Mendelian ratios, which may be resolved by counting and/or controlled
crosses, is seen in which of the following terms?
A. pleiotropy
B. codominance
C. incomplete dominance
D. complete dominance
E. penetrance and expressivity
40. Which of the following phenotypic ratios show incomplete dominance?
A. 2:1
B. 3:1
C. 1:2:1
D. 1:1
E. 4:1
41. Which of the following ratios show codominance?
A. 2:1
B. 3:1
C. 1:2:1
D. 1:1
E. 4:1
42. Which of the following ratios indicates a lethal gene?
A. 2:1
B. 3:1
C. 1:2:1
D. 1:1
E. 4:1

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43. A person who has type O blood has
A. anti-A antibodies.
B. anti-B antibodies.
C. anti-AB antibodies.
D. both anti-A and -B antibodies.
E. no surface antigens.
44. If two or more forms of the same gene exist, the different forms are called
A. incomplete dominance.
B. penetrance and expressivity.
C. pleiotropic.
D. alleles.
E. dihybrid.
45. The blood groups A, B, and O are different types of
A. incomplete dominance.
B. penetrance and expressivity.
C. pleiotropy.
D. alleles.
E. heterozygotes.
46. The blood groups A, B, and O show
A. complete dominance.
B. recessiveness.
C. codominance.
D. complete dominance, recessiveness, and codominance.
E. None of the choices are correct.

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47. Which of the following monohybrid ratios can describe incomplete dominance and codominance?
A. 2:1
B. 3:1
C. 1:3
D. 1:2:1
E. 4:1
48. Which of the following ratios demonstrate gene interaction?
A. 2:1
B. 3:1
C. 1:2:1
D. 9:3:4
E. 1:3
49. A _____________ results whenever the nucleotide sequence is changed.
A. phenotype
B. genotype
C. mutation
D. trait
E. character
50. When the same gene is related to respiratory problems and sterility, it can be described as
A. pleiotropy.
B. codominance.
C. incomplete dominance.
D. complete dominance.
E. penetrance and expressivity.

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51. Another name for a normal gene is
A. wild-type.
B. pleiotropy.
C. dominant.
D. codominant.
E. recessive.
52. The phenotypic ratio 1:2:1 may indicate
A. complete dominance.
B. codominance.
C. epistasis.
D. recessive lethal.
E. codominance and epistasis.
53. The phenotypic ratio 3:1 may indicate
A. complete dominance.
B. codominance.
C. epistasis.
D. incomplete dominance.
E. codominance and epistasis.
54. The phenotypic ratio 2:1 may indicate
A. complete dominance.
B. codominance.
C. epistasis.
D. recessive lethal.
E. codominance and epistasis.

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55. The phenotypic ratio 9:7 may indicate
A. complete dominance.
B. codominance.
C. epistasis.
D. recessive lethal.
E. complementary gene action.
56. The phenotypic ratio 9:3:4 may indicate
A. complete dominance.
B. codominance.
C. epistasis.
D. recessive lethal.
E. codominance and epistasis.
57. Which of the following phenotypic ratios show independent assortment?
A. 9:3:3:1
B. 9:7
C. 9:3:4
D. 13:3
E. All of the choices are correct.
58. Temperature sensitive (ts) alleles of the Drosophila shibire gene were isolated by David Suzuki.
Under permissive conditions, what is the phenotype of flies homozygous for the ts alleles?
A. lethal
B. conditional on other factors
C. indistinguishablefrom wild-type
D. continuously variable
E. co-dominant

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