Solution Manual for Introduction to Networks Labs and Study Guide (CCNAv7)

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Introduction to Networks Labsand Study Guide (CCNAv7)Instructor’s Answer KeyAllan JohnsonCisco Press221 River St.Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA

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viiCreditsFigure 2-2Screenshot of Windows 10 Ethernet PropertiesMicrosoft 2020Figure 2-3Screenshot of Windows 10 TCP/IPv4 Properties—Manual IPAddress ConfigurationMicrosoft 2020Figure 2-4Screenshot of Windows 10 TCP/IPv4 Properties—AutomaticIP Address ConfigurationMicrosoft 2020Unnumbered Figure 3-2Screenshot of Capturing from EthernetWiresharkUnnumbered Figure 7-2Screenshot of highlights the frame details for an ARPrequestWiresharkUnnumbered Figure 7-3Screenshot of highlights the frame details for an ARP replyWiresharkFigure 12-3Screenshot of Windows TCP/IPv6 PropertiesMicrosoft 2020Unnumbered Figure 13-2Screenshot of External to PC-A with a Hop limit of 63WiresharkFigure 17-3Screenshot of Windows 10 Network Connection DetailsMicrosoft 2020Figure 17-4Screenshot of Linux Ubuntu Connection Information2020 Microsoft 2020Figure 17-5Screenshot of Configuration Information on a macOS Host2020 Apple Inc

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viiiIntroductiontoNetworksLabsandStudyGuide(CCNAv7)Contents at a GlanceIntroductionxxxiiChapter 1Networking Today1Chapter 2Basic Switch and End Device Configuration21Chapter 3Protocols and Models77Chapter 4Physical Layer113Chapter 5Number Systems137Chapter 6Data Link Layer145Chapter 7Ethernet Switching153Chapter 8Network Layer193Chapter 9Address Resolution205Chapter 10Basic Router Configuration229Chapter 11IPv4 Addressing269Chapter 12IPv6 Addressing331Chapter 13ICMP373Chapter 14Transport Layer411Chapter 15Application Layer439Chapter 16Network Security Fundamentals459Chapter 17Build a Small Network505

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Contents ixContentsIntroductionxxxiiChapter 1Networking Today1Networks Affect Our Lives2Network Components2End Devices, Intermediary Devices, and Media2Check Your Understanding: Network Components3Network Representations and Topologies4Classify and Identify Network Components4Topology Diagrams5Check Your Understanding: Network Representations and Topologies5Common Types of Networks6Compare LANs and WANs6Check Your Understanding: Common Types of Networks7Internet Connections7Vocabulary Exercise: Matching7Reliable Networks9Classify the Requirements for a Reliable Network9Check Your Understanding: Reliable Networks10Network Trends10Identify the Cloud Type11Check Your Understanding: Network Trends11Network Security12Check Your Understanding: Network Security12The IT Professional131.5.7 Packet Tracer—Network Representation (Instructor Version)14Objectives14Instructions14Challenge Question171.9.3 Lab—Research IT and Networking Job Opportunities(Instructor Version)18Objectives18Background / Scenario18Required Resources18Instructions18Reflection Questions19Chapter 2Basic Switch and End Device Configuration21Cisco IOS Access22Check Your Understanding: Cisco IOS Access22

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xIntroductiontoNetworksLabsandStudyGuide(CCNAv7)IOS Navigation23Syntax Checker: Navigate Between IOS Modes23Check Your Understanding: IOS Navigation24The Command Structure25Navigate the IOS Matching Exercise25Hotkeys and Shortcuts26Basic Device Configuration27Apply a Basic Configuration27Check Your Understanding: Basic Device Configuration28Save Configurations29Ports and Addresses29Check Your Understanding: Ports and Addresses30Configure IP Addressing30Verify Connectivity32Packet Tracer Exercise 2-1: Basic Switch Configuration33Requirements33Command Reference342.3.7 Packet Tracer—Navigate the IOS (Instructor Version)35Objectives35Background / Scenario35Instructions35Part 1: Establish Basic Connections, Access the CLI, and Explore Help35Part 2: Explore EXEC Modes37Part 3: Set the Clock382.3.8 Lab—Navigate the IOS by Using Tera Term for Console Connectivity(Instructor Version)41Topology41Objectives41Background / Scenario41Required Resources42Instructions42Part 1: Access a Cisco Switch through the Serial Console Port42Part 2: Display and Configure Basic Device Settings44Part 3: (Optional) Access a Cisco Router Using a Mini-USB ConsoleCable45Reflection Question47Router Interface Summary Table482.5.5 Packet Tracer—Configure Initial Switch Settings(Instructor Version)49Objectives49Background / Scenario49Instructions49Part 1: Verify the Default Switch Configuration49

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Contents xiPart 2: Create a Basic Switch Configuration50Part 3: Configure a MOTD Banner53Part 4: Save and Verify Configuration Files to NVRAM53Part 5: Configure S2542.7.6 Packet Tracer—Implement Basic Connectivity (Instructor Version)55Addressing Table55Objectives55Background55Instructions55Part 1: Perform a Basic Configuration on S1 and S255Part 2: Configure the PCs56Part 3: Configure the Switch Management Interface572.9.1 Packet Tracer—Basic Switch and End Device Configuration(Instructor Version)59Addressing Table59Objectives59Scenario59Instructions59Requirements592.9.2 Lab—Basic Switch and End Device Configuration (Instructor Version)62Topology62Addressing Table62Objectives62Background / Scenario62Required Resources63Instructions63Reflection Question70Device Configs71Switch S1 (complete)71Switch S2 (complete)73Chapter 3Protocols and Models77The Rules78Vocabulary Exercise: Matching78Check Your Understanding: The Rules78Protocols79Check Your Understanding: Protocols80Protocol Suites81Protocol Definitions: Matching81Map the Protocols of the TCP/IP Suite82Check Your Understanding: Protocol Suites83Standards Organizations84Standards Organizations: Matching84Check Your Understanding: Standards Organizations85

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xiiIntroductiontoNetworksLabsandStudyGuide(CCNAv7)Reference Models86OSI Reference Model Layers: Matching86TCP/IP Model Layers: Matching87Data Encapsulation87Label the PDUs87Check Your Understanding: Data Encapsulation89Data Access89The Role of Addressing in Network Communications90Check Your Understanding: Data Access903.0.3 Class Activity—Design a Communications System(Instructor Version)92Objectives92Background / Scenario92Reflection Question923.4.4 Lab—Research Networking Standards (Instructor Version)94Objectives94Background / Scenario94Required Resources94Instructions943.5.5 Packet Tracer—Investigate the TCP/IP and OSI Models in Action(Instructor Version)98Objectives98Background98Instructions98Part 1: Examine HTTP Web Traffic98Part 2: Display Elements of the TCP/IP Protocol Suite101Challenge Questions1033.7.9 Lab—Install Wireshark (Instructor Version)104Objectives104Background / Scenario104Required Resources104Instructions1043.7.10 Lab—Use Wireshark to View Network Traffic (Instructor Version)106Topology106Objectives106Background / Scenario106Required Resources107Instructions107Part 1: Capture and Analyze Local ICMP Data in Wireshark107Part 2: Capture and Analyze Remote ICMP Data in Wireshark110Reflection Question111Appendix A: Allowing ICMP Traffic Through a Firewall112

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ContentsxiiiPart 1: Create a new inbound rule allowing ICMP traffic through thefirewall112Part 2: Disabling or deleting the new ICMP rule112Chapter 4Physical Layer113Purpose of the Physical Layer114Check Your Understanding: Purpose of the Physical Layer114Physical Layer Characteristics115Completion Exercise115Check Your Understanding: Physical Layer Characteristics116Copper Cabling116Completion Exercise117Compare UTP, STP, and Coaxial Characteristics118UTP Cabling118Limiting the Negative Effect of Crosstalk118UTP Cable Wiring Standards118UTP Cable Pinouts119Fiber-Optic Cabling119Completion Exercise119Check Your Understanding: Fiber-Optic Cabling120Wireless Media121Completion Exercise121Check Your Understanding: Wireless Media1224.6.5 Packet Tracer—Connect a Wired and Wireless LAN(Instructor Version)123Addressing Table123Objectives123Background124Instructions124Part 1: Connect to the Cloud124Part 2: Connect Router0124Part 3: Connect Remaining Devices125Part 4: Verify Connections125Part 5: Examine the Physical Topology1254.6.6 Lab—View Wired and Wireless NIC Information(Instructor Version)127Objectives127Background / Scenario127Required Resources127Instructions127Part 1: Identify and Work with PC NICs127Part 2: Identify and Use the System Tray Network Icons130Reflection Question131

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xivIntroductiontoNetworksLabsandStudyGuide(CCNAv7)4.7.1 Packet Tracer—Connect the Physical Layer (Instructor Version)132Objectives132Background132Part 1: Identify Physical Characteristics of Internetworking Devices132Part 2: Select Correct Modules for Connectivity133Part 3: Connect Devices135Part 4: Check Connectivity135Chapter 5Number Systems137Binary Number System138Positional Notation138Convert Binary to Decimal139Convert Decimal to Binary140Activity: Binary Game140Hexadecimal Number System140Decimal to Hexadecimal Conversion142Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversion142Check Your Understanding: Hexadecimal Number System142Chapter 6Data Link Layer145Purpose of the Data Link Layer146Check Your Understanding: Purpose of the Data Link Layer147Topologies148Completion Exercise148Check Your Understanding: Topologies149Data Link Frame150Label the Generic Frame Fields150Check Your Understanding: Data Link Frame150Chapter 7Ethernet Switching153Ethernet Frames154Identify the Ethernet Frame Attributes154Check Your Understanding: Ethernet Switching155Ethernet MAC Address156Completion Exercise156The MAC Address Table157LAN Switches157Build the MAC Address Table157Forward the Frame158Switch Speeds and Forwarding Methods161Compare Switch Forwarding Methods162Port Settings Completion Exercise162Check Your Understanding: Switch Speeds and Forwarding Methods163

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Contents xv7.1.6 Lab—Use Wireshark to Examine Ethernet Frames(Instructor Version)164Topology164Objectives164Background / Scenario164Required Resources165Instructions165Part 1: Examine the Header Fields in an Ethernet II Frame165Part 2: Use Wireshark to Capture and Analyze Ethernet Frames168Reflection Question1717.2.7 Lab—View Network Device MAC Addresses (Instructor Version)172Topology172Addressing Table172Objectives172Background / Scenario172Required Resources173Instructions173Part 1: Configure Devices and Verify Connectivity173Part 2: Display, Describe, and Analyze Ethernet MAC Addresses174Reflection Questions178Device Config178Switch S11787.3.7 Lab—View the Switch MAC Address Table (Instructor Version)181Topology181Addressing Table181Objectives181Background / Scenario181Required Resources182Instructions182Part 1: Build and Configure the Network182Part 2: Examine the Switch MAC Address Table183Reflection Question188Device Configs188Switch S1188Switch S2190Chapter 8Network Layer193Network Layer Characteristics194Network Layer Operations194Characteristics of IP194Check Your Understanding: IP Characteristics195IPv4 Packet195Fields of the IPv4 Packet196Check Your Understanding: IPv4 Packet196

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xviIntroductiontoNetworksLabsandStudyGuide(CCNAv7)IPv6 Packet197Fields of the IPv6 Packet197Check Your Understanding: IPv6 Packet198How a Host Routes198Completion Exercise198Check Your Understanding: How a Host Routes200Introduction to Routing200Routing Table Entry: Matching202Check Your Understanding: Introduction to Routing203Chapter 9Address Resolution205MAC and IP206Identify the MAC and IP Addresses206Check Your Understanding: MAC and IP207ARP207Completion Exercise207Check Your Understanding: ARP209IPv6 Neighbor Discovery210Five ICMPv6 Messages210Check Your Understanding: Neighbor Discovery2109.1.3 Packet Tracer—Identify MAC and IP Addresses(Instructor Version)211Objectives211Background211Instructions211Part 1: Gather PDU Information for Local Network Communication211Part 2: Gather PDU Information for Remote NetworkCommunication212Reflection Questions213Suggested Scoring Rubric2159.2.9 Packet Tracer—Examine the ARP Table (Instructor Version)216Addressing Table216Objectives216Background216Instructions216Part 1: Examine an ARP Request216Part 2: Examine a Switch MAC Address Table218Part 3: Examine the ARP Process in Remote Communications2199.3.4 Packet Tracer—IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (Instructor Version)221Addressing Table221Objectives221Background221Instructions221

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ContentsxviiPart 1: IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Local Network221Part 2: IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Remote Network224Reflection Questions227Chapter 10Basic Router Configuration229Configure Initial Router Settings230Basic Router Configuration Exercise230Configure Initial Settings Exercise231Configure Interfaces232Configure Router Interfaces Exercise232Packet Tracer Exercise 10-1: Basic Router Configuration234Configure the Default Gateway234Command Reference23510.1.4 Packet Tracer—Configure Initial RouterSettings(Instructor Version)236Objectives236Background236Instructions236Part 1: Verify the Default Router Configuration236Part 2: Configure and Verify the Initial Router Configuration237Part 3: Save the Running Configuration File23910.3.4 Packet Tracer—Connect a Router to a LAN (Instructor Version)241Addressing Table241Objectives241Background241Part 1: Display Router Information242Part 2: Configure Router Interfaces244Part 3: Verify the Configuration24510.3.5 Packet Tracer—Troubleshoot DefaultGateway Issues(Instructor Version)247Addressing Table247Objectives247Background247Instructions248Part 1: Verify Network Documentation and Isolate Problems248Part 2: Implement, Verify, and Document Solutions24910.4.3 Packet Tracer—Basic Device Configuration (Instructor Version)250Topology250Addressing Table250Objectives250Scenario250Requirements251

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xviiiIntroductiontoNetworksLabsandStudyGuide(CCNAv7)10.4.4 Lab—Build a Switch and Router Network (Instructor Version)252Topology252Addressing Table252Objectives252Background / Scenario252Required Resources253Instructions254Part 1: Set Up Topology and Initialize Devices254Part 2: Configure Devices and Verify Connectivity254Part 3: Display Device Information257Reflection Questions261Router Interface Summary Table261Device Configs262Router R1262Switch S1264Chapter 11IPv4 Addressing269IPv4 Address Structure270Network and Host Portions270IPv4 Subnet Mask270The Prefix Length271Determining the Network: Logical AND271ANDing to Determine the Network Address272Activity: ANDing to Determine the Network Address272Check Your Understanding: IPv4 Address Structure273IPv4 Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast274Types of IPv4 Addresses274Public and Private Addresses274Special Use IPv4 Addresses274Legacy Classful Addressing275Assignment of IP Addresses275Check Your Understanding: Types of IPv4 Addresses276Network Segmentation276Broadcast Domains and Segmentation276Problems with Large Broadcast Domains276Reasons for Segmenting Networks277Check Your Understanding: Network Segmentation277Subnet an IPv4 Network277Subnetting in Four Steps278Subnetting Example278Subnetting Scenario 1280Subnetting Scenario 2280Subnetting Scenario 3280

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ContentsxixVLSM Addressing Schemes281VLSM Review281VLSM Addressing Design Exercises28311.5.5 Packet Tracer—Subnet an IPv4 Network (Instructor Version)288Addressing Table288Objectives288Background / Scenario288Instructions289Part 1: Subnet the Assigned Network289Part 2: Configure the Devices292Part 3: Test and Troubleshoot the Network293Device Configs293CustomerRouter293LAN-A294LAN-B294PC-A294PC-B29411.6.6 Lab—Calculate IPv4 Subnets (Instructor Version)295Objectives295Background / Scenario295Required Resources295Instructions295Problem 1295Problem 2296Problem 3296Problem 4297Problem 5297Problem 6298Reflection Question29811.7.5 Packet Tracer—Subnetting Scenario (Instructor Version)299Addressing Table299Objectives299Scenario299Instructions299Part 1: Design an IP Addressing Scheme299Part 2: Assign IP Addresses to Network Devices and VerifyConnectivity301Device Configs302R1302S3302PC4302

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xxIntroductiontoNetworksLabsandStudyGuide(CCNAv7)11.9.3 Packet Tracer—VLSM Design and Implementation Practice(Instructor Version)303Topology303Addressing Table303Objectives303Background303Instructions304Part 1: Examine the Network Requirements304Part 2: Design the VLSM Addressing Scheme305Part 3: Assign IP Addresses to Devices and Verify Connectivity305Instructor Notes:306Scenario 1 - Network Address: 10.11.48.0/24306Building 1307ASW3307Scenario 2 - Network Address: 172.31.103.0/24307Branch 1308Room-312308Scenario 3 - Network Address: 192.168.72.0/24308Remote-Site1309Sw-330911.10.1 Packet Tracer—Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme(Instructor Version)310Addressing Table310Objectives310Background / Scenario310Instructions311Requirements311Instructor Notes:312Scenario 1 - Network Address: 10.1.1.0/24312East313West313ES-1313ES-2313WS-1314WS-2314Scenario 2 - Network Address: 172.19.67.0/24314HQ315Remote315HQ-1315HQ-2316Remote-1316Remote-2316Scenario 3 - Network Address: 192.168.203.0/24316

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