Test Bank For Biology 11th Edition Test Bank

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Test Bank For Biology 11th Edition Test Bank delivers an efficient way to prepare, covering all important topics with clarity and precision.

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Chapter 01
The Science of Biology
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Science is subdivided into specific areas of study termed disciplines. These divisions are
artificial but are helpful to narrow the massive scope of scientific knowledge to a manageable
amount. Given what you know about each, which scientific division is likely to present the
best answer to a question about how fluid dynamics affect blood pressure in mammals?
A. Bioinformatics – use of technology to study and store biological data
B. Biochemistry – study of chemical reactions needed for life function, usually at the cellular
level.
C. Biology – study of life
D. Biophysics – study of biological processes through physics

Clarify Question
• What is the key concept addressed by the question? The question is about the differences
between different divisions of biological research.
• What type of thinking is required? This question is asking for you to apply your
understanding to identify which areas of research would focus on the movement of fluids.
• What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
o Fluid dynamics refers to the physics of how fluids (liquids) move.
Gather Content
• What do you know about different divisions of biology?How does it relate to the
question?
o Bioinformatics is the study of biological data like sequences using computers
o Biology is a very broad area of research covering all areas of the study of life
o Biochemistry is the study of biological molecules smaller than a cell
o Biophysics is the study of how biological molecules move using the laws of physics
Consider Possibilities
• What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
• In which disciplines are the properties of fluids likely to be studied?
o The study of the movement of fluids like blood are not sequence or structural data and
not biological molecules, thus bioinformatics and biochemistry are not good answers.
o Biology is a very broad heading, and not the best answer.
Choose Answer
• Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?The best answer is biophysics because the movement of
fluids are well described using the laws of physics.
Reflect on Process
• Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
o This question asked you to apply the definitions different areas of biology to
determine which might study fluid dynamics. If you got the correct answer, great job! If you
got an incorrect answer, where did the process break down? Did you think that fluid dynamics
were part of a cell or represented by large data sets? Did you not know that the movement of
fluids was an area of study in physics?

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.01.01 Compare biology to other natural sciences.
Section: 01.01
Topic: The Science of Life
2. Based on hierarchical levels of biological organization, which of these choices represents
the broadest level?
A. Endocrine system
B. 3 toed sloths
C. School of piranhas
D. Amazon Basin
E. Jaguars, giant anteaters, macaws, capybaras
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.01.03 Characterize the hierarchical organization of living systems.
Section: 01.01
Topic: The Science of Life
3. Experiments are carried out to test a hypothesis by changing one variable at a time and
including an unchanged variable termed a(n) _____.
A. experimental variable
B. altered variable
C. control
D. stable variable
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science

4. The method of reasoning that uses construction of general principles by careful
examination of many specific cases is called:
A. experimental reasoning.
B. theoretical reasoning.
C. inductive reasoning.
D. hypothetical reasoning.
E. deductive reasoning.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science
5. Dr. Ratard was trying to determine the cause of a mysterious epidemic affecting fish in the
gulf of New Mexico. His proposal that the deaths were caused by an organism called a protist
is considered a(n) _________
A. theory.
B. data set.
C. hypothesis.
D. conclusion.
E. experiment.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science
6. After Darwin concluded his voyage on the Beagle, he proposed that the process of natural
selection was a mechanism for:
A. overpopulation of finches on the Galapagos Islands.
B. speciation.
C. artificial selection.
D. sexual selection.
E. evolution.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution

7. A scientific theory is:
A. a suggested explanation that accounts for observations.
B. a way to organize how we think about a problem.
C. a concept that is supported by experimental evidence that explains the facts in an area of
study.
D. a way to understand a complex system by reducing it to its working parts.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science
8. What common life characteristic would cells from a daisy, an apple and a dog all have?
A. DNA
B. tissues
C. organs
D. viruses
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.01.02 Describe the characteristics of living systems.
Section: 01.01
Topic: The Science of Life
9. A yellow jacket, an insect in the order hymenoptera, stung me. A wasp, an insect in
hymenoptera, stung me. A hornet, an insect in hymenoptera, stung me. I see a pattern. All
insects in this order must have stingers. What type of reasoning does this represent?
A. inductive reasoning
B. deductive reasoning
C. reductionism
D. comparative reasoning
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.01 Compare the different types of reasoning used by biologists.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science

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10. You explain to your study group that a hypothesis is:
A. constant over time.
B. a proposition that will be true and fits the known facts.
C. an explanation that accounts for careful observations.
D. a theory.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science
11. A suggested explanation that might be true and is subject to testing by further
observations is a(n):
A. hypothesis.
B. experiment.
C. scientific principle.
D. generality.
E. theory.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science

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12. Based on the literature, you hypothesize that students in traditional biology lectures will
have the same grades as students in online biology lectures. You decide to test your
hypothesis by comparing grades of students in traditional and online biology lectures over a
semester. As a result of the experiment, you observe that the grades in the traditional lectures
and the grades in the online lectures are not significantly different. What do these
observations allow you to do?
A. develop a scientific theory
B. reject the hypothesis
C. accept the hypothesis without further question
D. reject the null hypotheses

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Clarify Question
• What is the key concept addressed by the question? The question is about hypotheses.
• What type of thinking is required? This question is asking to apply your knowledge of a
hypothesis to interpret the results of an experiment.
• What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
o You hypothesize that students in traditional biology lectures will have the same grades
as students in online biology lectures
o the grades in the traditional lectures and the grades in the online lectures are not
significantly different
Gather Content
• What do you know about hypotheses?How does it relate to the question?
Can you accept or reject a hypothesis? A null hypothesis is the opposite of your hypothesis.
In this case it would be that the scores of the two groups of students will be different.
Consider Possibilities• What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
• Do you accept a hypothesis or reject a null hypothesis?
o Your results support your hypothesis, so you do not reject the hypothesis.
Choose Answer
• Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?The correct answer is to reject the null hypothesis which
is the opposite of what you wrote in your hypothesis.
Reflect on Process
• Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
o This question asked you to apply the definition of a hypothesis to a specific example.
If you got the correct answer, great job! If you got an incorrect answer, where did the process
break down? Did you think that you could accept your hypothesis instead of rejecting the null
hypothesis?
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science

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13. Your microwave will not turn on, and you speculate that a circuit breaker in the house has
been tripped. In scientific terminology, the steps would be described as:
A. forming conclusions from the results of experiments.
B. developing an observation based on a hypothesis.
C. developing a hypothesis based on an observation.
D. testing a prediction generated from a hypothesis.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science
14. A student poses the question: How does the presence of dissolved salt affect the freezing
point of water? To answer this question, the student set up two conditions. In the first
condition, the student added salt to water in a container and referred to this condition as the
variable. In the second condition, the student did not add any salt to water in a second
container and referred to this condition as the control. The student took both containers and
attempted to freeze the water at various temperatures to assess the freezing point. Would this
be a valid experiment?
A. Yes, because there is more than one variable.
B. Yes, because there is one variable and a control
C. No, because there is not more than one variable
D. No because there is only one variable and a control
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science

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15. Karl Popper suggested that scientists use "imaginative preconception," which means that
successful scientists:
A. do not keep records of experiments that fail.
B. do not need to do experiments to test their ideas.
C. only perform applied research.
D. often predict the outcome of experiments.
E. cannot predict the outcome of experiments.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.02.02 Demonstrate how to formulate a hypothesis.
Section: 01.02
Topic: The Nature of Science
16. The proposal that one type of organism can change gradually into another type over a
long period of time is known as:
A. preconception.
B. preservation.
C. natural history.
D. evolution.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution
17. Darwin's ideas on evolution were advanced for his time. His approach to science and
natural selection were supported by what main tenet?
A. Species were unchangeable over the course of time.
B. Operation of natural laws produces constant change and improvement.
C. Various organisms and their structures resulted from a spontaneous action.
D. The world is fixed and constant.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution

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18. Besides Darwin, the theory of evolution by means of natural selection was also
independently proposed by:
A. Charles Lyell.
B. Karl Popper.
C. Thomas Malthus.
D. Peter Raven.
E. Alfred Wallace.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution
19. The term that Darwin used to describe the concept that those with superior physical,
behavior or other attributes are more likely to survive than those that are not so well endowed,
and thus are more likely to pass their traits to the next generation, is called:
A. geometric progression
B. natural selection
C. superior beings
D. survival of modifications
E. biological diversity
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution
20. A key contribution to Darwin's thinking was the concept of limits put on the geometric
growth of populations by nature, originally proposed by:
A. Charles Lyell.
B. Karl Popper.
C. Russel Wallace.
D. Thomas Malthus.
E. Peter Raven.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution

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21. Darwin's book in which he described his views on evolution is:
A. Principles of Geology.
B. Survival of the Fittest.
C. On the Origin of Species.
D. On the Principle of Population.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution
22. Recent discoveries of microscopic fossils have extended the known history of life to
about:
A. 1 billion years ago.
B. 2 billion years ago.
C. 3.5 billion years ago.
D. 4.5 billion years ago.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution

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23. In California, a species of salamanders were geographically separated over time. The
group that lived in southern California relied heavily on large gold blotches on their skin that
helped to camouflage them from predators. The group that lived along the coast adopted a
color pattern that mimicked a poisonous, colorful newt common to that area. Instead of being
camouflaged, these salamanders advertised their colors. What type of selection process has
occurred over time?
A. theoretical selection
B. artificial selection
C. experimental selection
D. natural selection

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Clarify Question
• What is the key concept addressed by the question? The question is about different forms
of selection.
• What type of thinking is required? This question is asking you to apply the definition of
different forms of selection to a specific example.
• What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
o Geographic separation means that members of those two populations could no longer
interbreed which can drive the evolution of new species.
o One group of salamanders hides by being camouflaged while the other has bright
colors that mimic another poisonous species.
Gather Content
• What do you know about selection?How does it relate to the question? Selection works on
the phenotype of an organism, with beneficial traits being more likely to be passed on to the
next generation.
Consider Possibilities
• What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
• Which types of selection make sense?
o Artificial selection requires humans to be involved to make the selection.
o Theoretical and experimental selection are part of an experiment. The selection in this
example did not involve humans or any experiments.
Choose Answer
• Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most
likely to produce the correct answer?This is an example of natural selection due to
geographic separation. Once the two groups of salamanders became separated they could no
longer interbreed and developed different adaptations to their local environments.
Reflect on Process• Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the
process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a
more desirable result?
o This question asked you to apply the definitions selection to a specific example. If you
got the correct answer, great job! If you got an incorrect answer, where did the process break
down? Did you think that natural selection would not occur with geographical separation, or
that humans were involved in the speciation in some way?

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Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.01 Examine Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as a scientific theory.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution
24. The same basic array of bones is modified to give rise to the wing of a bat and the fin of a
porpoise. Such anatomical structures are called:
A. uniform.
B. inherited.
C. homologous.
D. analogous.
E. evolutionary modifications.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution
25. Structures that have similar structure and function but different evolutionary origins are
called:
A. inherited.
B. evolutionary modifications.
C. analogous.
D. homologous.
E. uniform.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
LO: 01.03.02 Describe the evidence that supports the theory of evolution.
Section: 01.03
Topic: An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwin and Evolution

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