Anatomy Lab Practical: Part 5

Anatomy and Physiology14 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This flashcard set covers the principles of tonicity and its effects on cells, including how water moves across the plasma membrane in hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions. It also introduces the four key phases of the cell cycle, essential for understanding cell growth and division.

What determines how water crosses the plasma membrane?

tonicity

Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/14

Key Terms

Term
Definition

What determines how water crosses the plasma membrane?

tonicity

Lower solute concentration than the cytosol

hypotonic

cell will gain water by osmosis and may swell or burst

Same solute concentration as the cytosol

isotonic

Higher solute concentration than the cytosol

hypertonic

cell will lose water and shrivel/shrink

What will the cell do when it is in a hypotonic solution?

cell will gain water by osmosis and may swell or burst

What will the cell do when it is in a hypertonic solution?

cell will lose water and shrivel/shrink

Related Flashcard Decks

Study Tips

  • Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
  • Review cards regularly to improve retention
  • Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
  • Share this deck with friends to study together
TermDefinition

What determines how water crosses the plasma membrane?

tonicity

Lower solute concentration than the cytosol

hypotonic

cell will gain water by osmosis and may swell or burst

Same solute concentration as the cytosol

isotonic

Higher solute concentration than the cytosol

hypertonic

cell will lose water and shrivel/shrink

What will the cell do when it is in a hypotonic solution?

cell will gain water by osmosis and may swell or burst

What will the cell do when it is in a hypertonic solution?

cell will lose water and shrivel/shrink

What are the four phases of the cell cycle?

G1: initial growth phase
S phase: DNA is replicated
G2: second growth phase
M phase (mitosis)

What is the cell division process?

1.) Interphase
2.) Mitosis
Prophase (early, late)
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
3.) Cytokinesis

Describe what happens in early prophase…

  1. chromosomes are formed

  2. chromosomes (single strands called: chromatids) are connected to centromeres

  3. The centrioles create mitotic spindles

Describe what happens in late prophase…

  1. spindle pole is made

  2. centrioles are on opposite sides of the cell

  3. nuclear membrane and nucleolus break down and disappear

Describe what happens during metaphase…

The chromosomes align to the middle of the spindle

metaphase plate

Describe what happens during anaphase…

  1. centromeres split

  2. chromatids separate from one another and move slowly towards opposite ends of the cell

  3. chromatids are now called chromosomes again

Describe what happens during telophase…

  1. chromosomes uncoil

  2. spindle breaks down and disappears

  3. nuclear envelope forming

  4. nucleolus forming again

Describe what happens during cytokinesis…

1.) begins during telophase
2.) creates a “cleavage furrow”
3.) separates the cytoplasmic mass into two parts:
overall creating 2 daughter cells