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ATI TEAS: General Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology28 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key concepts in general anatomy and physiology, focusing on cellular structures, tissues, organ systems, and anatomical directions.

3 main parts of a cell

Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
3 main parts of a cell
Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
Organelles
Structures within a cell that carry out metabolic or cellular functions
Plasma membrane is made of
Phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins. The proteins make it selectively permeable
Proteins
Made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds
Cytoplasm
Semi-fluid substance inside a cell membrane
Nucleus
Surrounded by a double membrane of DNA, regulates mitosis

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TermDefinition
3 main parts of a cell
Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
Organelles
Structures within a cell that carry out metabolic or cellular functions
Plasma membrane is made of
Phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins. The proteins make it selectively permeable
Proteins
Made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds
Cytoplasm
Semi-fluid substance inside a cell membrane
Nucleus
Surrounded by a double membrane of DNA, regulates mitosis
Mitosis
Process of cellular division in eukaryotes.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Surrounds the outer nucleus, produces protein through ribosomes
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Produces and stores lipids
Golgi complex
Receives vessels of protein, modifies, repackages, and sends it to where it is needed. Also makes Digestive enzyme vessels called lysosomes.
Lysosomes
Powerful digestive enzymes necessary for cellular metabolism.
Mitochondria
The powerhouse of the cell, turns food we eat into ATP through cellular respiration
Tissues
Groups of similar cells that work together for a single function. There are 4 basic types.
Epithelial
Covers body surfaces and body cavities, serves as a protective barrier
Connective tissue
Connects other tissues together to bind and support body parts
Muscle tissue
Moves the body and its contents through contraction
Nervous tissue
Receives signals from inside or outside the body and communicates through electrical impulses with the rest of the body
Organs
Made of 2 or more tissues and have a specific shape and function
Organ systems
Related organs with a common multifaceted function: digestive, respiratory, central nervous system
Sagital or Median
Divides body left and right
Transverse
Divides top and bottom half
Frontal/coronal
Divides front and back
Superior
Above
Inferior
Below
Anterior
Front
Posterior
Back
Lateral
Away from the midline
Medial
Toward or at the midline of the body