ATI TEAS: GI System

Anatomy and Physiology20 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck contains 20 flashcards covering key concepts related to the GI system, including its structure, functions, and processes. These flashcards will help you understand and remember the main components and processes of the GI system.

What is a weird name for the GI system?

Alimentary canal
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What is a weird name for the GI system?
Alimentary canal
What are the 5 steps of digestion?
Ingestion, digestion, peristalsis, absorption, elimination
What are stomach folds called and what do they do?
Rugae; increase holding capacity to 1 liter
What is chyme?
Partially digested food with stomach gases
What is in gastric juice?
Mucus, HCL, and digestive enzymes
What do chief cells do?
Secrete pepsinogen, an inactive protein enzyme and the enzyme lipase which digest fats

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TermDefinition
What is a weird name for the GI system?
Alimentary canal
What are the 5 steps of digestion?
Ingestion, digestion, peristalsis, absorption, elimination
What are stomach folds called and what do they do?
Rugae; increase holding capacity to 1 liter
What is chyme?
Partially digested food with stomach gases
What is in gastric juice?
Mucus, HCL, and digestive enzymes
What do chief cells do?
Secrete pepsinogen, an inactive protein enzyme and the enzyme lipase which digest fats
What do parietal cells do?
Secrete HCL which activates pepsinogen to pepsin
What do globlet cells do?
Secrete mucous for protection from hydrogen chloride
What is gastrin?
A stomach hormone that signals more production of gastric juices
What is grelin?
A stomach enzyme that stimulates appetite and fat storage
What are the 3 regions of the small intestine?
Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
What do the liver and gall bladder do for the GI system?
Secrete bile to emulsify and break down fats
What does the pancreas do for the GI system?
Secrete pancreatic juice with bicarb and enzymes and insulin and glucagon
Where is enzymatic digestion completed?
Duodenum
What happens in the jejunum?
Absorption of nutrients (b12)
What are the sections of the large intestine?
Cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal
What does the cecum do?
Houses the appendix, mixes bacteria with chyme
What does the colon do?
Absorbs water and absorbs vitamin k
What does the rectum do?
Stored fecal matter until it is ejected from the anus
What is deglutination?
Swallowing