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ATI TEAS: Neuromuscular System

Anatomy and Physiology19 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck contains 19 flashcards that cover key concepts related to the neuromuscular system, including the central and peripheral nervous systems, types of neurons, nerve bundles, muscle structure, and neuromuscular disorders.

What does the CNS consist of?

Brain & spinal cord
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What does the CNS consist of?
Brain & spinal cord
What is the peripheral nervous system?
Network of spinal nerves to and from the spinal cord in the body
What are afferent neurons?
Sensory neurons that carry signal from stimuli to the CNS
What are efferent neurons?
Motor neurons that carry signal from CNS to muscles
What are somatic nerves?
Voluntary movement
What are autonomic/visceral nerves?
Involuntary movement

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TermDefinition
What does the CNS consist of?
Brain & spinal cord
What is the peripheral nervous system?
Network of spinal nerves to and from the spinal cord in the body
What are afferent neurons?
Sensory neurons that carry signal from stimuli to the CNS
What are efferent neurons?
Motor neurons that carry signal from CNS to muscles
What are somatic nerves?
Voluntary movement
What are autonomic/visceral nerves?
Involuntary movement
What is the function of neurons?
Cell that conducts electrical nerve impulse
What is the order of neuron cell parts that an electrical impulse flows?
Dendrites, cell body, axon, axon terminals
What is a synapse?
Gap between that neuro signal passes to other neurons, muscles, or glands
What are nerves?
Bundles of nerve fibers
Which nerve bundle has both afferent and efferent fibers?
Spinal
What is a myofibril?
Contractile muscle filaments made of a strand of sacromeres
What is actin?
Thinner contractile muscle filament; moves past myosin during contraction
What is myosin?
Thicker stationary muscle filament
What is a sacromere?
Contracting unit of a muscle; a section of myofibril
What is a muscle fascicle?
a bundle of muscle fibers
What is contraction?
When the sacromere shortens of a muscle shortens; uses ATP; actin and myosin filaments slide past each other, but stay the same length
What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) aka Lou Gehrig’s disease?
Motor neurons degenerate leading to loss of voluntary movement
What is muscular dystrophy?
Abnormal genes prevent the protein that makes muscles causing muscles to weaken. Both voluntary and involuntary muscles are compromised.