ATI TEAS: Science Questions

Anatomy and Physiology44 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key concepts and questions from the ATI TEAS Science section, focusing on anatomy, physiology, and biological processes.

Which cells excrete pepsinogen?

Answer: chief cells of the stomach
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Which cells excrete pepsinogen?
Answer: chief cells of the stomach
Which organ is responsible for a majority of digestion?
Answer: Small intestine
Sensory neurons
Answer: Carry an afferent impulse- to the brain
Contraction occurs when
Answer: Thin actin filaments slide past thicker myosin filaments causing the sarcomere unit to shorten
Which nerve structure transmits impulses to other cells?
Answer: Axon
Inflammation
Answer: Innate immune response resulting in redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

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TermDefinition
Which cells excrete pepsinogen?
Answer: chief cells of the stomach
Which organ is responsible for a majority of digestion?
Answer: Small intestine
Sensory neurons
Answer: Carry an afferent impulse- to the brain
Contraction occurs when
Answer: Thin actin filaments slide past thicker myosin filaments causing the sarcomere unit to shorten
Which nerve structure transmits impulses to other cells?
Answer: Axon
Inflammation
Answer: Innate immune response resulting in redness, swelling, heat, and pain.
The endocrine system produces what response?
Answer: Slow initiating, prolonged response on other body systems
What is the integration center between endocrine and nervous system?
Answer: Hypothalamus
Exocrine glands
Answer: Release chemicals to outside the body or to another surface within the body
Endocrine glands
Answer: Releases chemical substances directly into the bloodstream or tissues of the body
What gland has an exocrine function and aids in blood glucose regulation?
Answer: Pancreas
Epidermis
Answer: Outer layer of the skin made of epithelial tissue
Dermis
Answer: Middle layer of skin made of connective tissue
Hypodermis
Answer: Lowest layer of skin
Osteoclast
Answer: Bone cells that perform calcium mineral reabsorption
Osteoblasts
Answer: Synthesize bones, the secretions allow for mineralization
Osteocytes
Answer: Star shaped bone cell. Maintains structure. Senses physical stress.
Osteons
Answer: Cylindrical structures comprised of compact bone tissue that surround the haversian canal
Yellow marrow is located in?
Answer: Long adult bones in the Medullary cavity
Spongy bone
Answer: Fewer osteons than compact bone, where red bone is formed.
B-cells
Answer: Lymphocytes that make antibodies in response to antigens.
Helper T cells
Answer: Secrete interlukens that trigger the action of other cells.
Cytotoxin T cell
Answer: Attacks foreign cells, activated by interlukens
Macrophage
Answer: Large white blood cells that ingest foreign materials
Blastophil
Answer: Releases histamine
Median/Sagittal/Midsagittal plane
Answer: Plane that passes through the middle of the body separating the left and right
Parasagittal plane
Answer: A plane parallel to the Sagittal plane
Transverse plane
Answer: Located at midsection, separates superior and inferior sections
Coronal plane
Answer: Separates the anterior and posterior sections
Ribosomes
Answer: Facilitate protein synthesis in the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Emphysema
Answer: Increased residual volume due to decreased elasticity
Immunoglobulin
Answer: Antibody
Interferon
Answer: Protein secreted by leukocytes when they are infected with viruses
Lutenizing hormone
Answer: Controls production of testosterone
Gametes
Answer: Sperm
Proximal convoluted tube
Answer: First locations where glucose and other substances are reabsorbed into the blood
Glomerulus
Answer: Capillaries where blood pressure pushes water, salt, glucose, amino acids, and urea from the blood.
Bowmans capsule
Answer: Cup shaped structure that surrounds and collects filtrate from the glomerulus
Renal pelvis
Answer: center of the kidney where urine collects before moving to the ureter
Mendel's law of segregation
Answer: His first law of inheritance, each gamete carries only one allele for each gene
Amino acids
Answer: monomer of protein
Nucleotides
Answer: The monomer of DNA, one type of nucleic acid
Dependent variable
Answer: variable being measured in an experiment, effect
Motor neurons
Answer: Carry efferent impulse- from the brain