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ATI TEAS: Science Questions
This deck covers key concepts and questions from the ATI TEAS Science section, focusing on anatomy, physiology, and biological processes.
Which cells excrete pepsinogen?
Answer: chief cells of the stomach
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Which cells excrete pepsinogen?
Answer: chief cells of the stomach
Which organ is responsible for a majority of digestion?
Answer: Small intestine
Sensory neurons
Answer: Carry an afferent impulse- to the brain
Contraction occurs when
Answer: Thin actin filaments slide past thicker myosin filaments causing the sarcomere unit to shorten
Which nerve structure transmits impulses to other cells?
Answer: Axon
Inflammation
Answer: Innate immune response resulting in redness, swelling, heat, and pain.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Which cells excrete pepsinogen? | Answer: chief cells of the stomach |
Which organ is responsible for a majority of digestion? | Answer: Small intestine |
Sensory neurons | Answer: Carry an afferent impulse- to the brain |
Contraction occurs when | Answer: Thin actin filaments slide past thicker myosin filaments causing the sarcomere unit to shorten |
Which nerve structure transmits impulses to other cells? | Answer: Axon |
Inflammation | Answer: Innate immune response resulting in redness, swelling, heat, and pain. |
The endocrine system produces what response? | Answer: Slow initiating, prolonged response on other body systems |
What is the integration center between endocrine and nervous system? | Answer: Hypothalamus |
Exocrine glands | Answer: Release chemicals to outside the body or to another surface within the body |
Endocrine glands | Answer: Releases chemical substances directly into the bloodstream or tissues of the body |
What gland has an exocrine function and aids in blood glucose regulation? | Answer: Pancreas |
Epidermis | Answer: Outer layer of the skin made of epithelial tissue |
Dermis | Answer: Middle layer of skin made of connective tissue |
Hypodermis | Answer: Lowest layer of skin |
Osteoclast | Answer: Bone cells that perform calcium mineral reabsorption |
Osteoblasts | Answer: Synthesize bones, the secretions allow for mineralization |
Osteocytes | Answer: Star shaped bone cell. Maintains structure. Senses physical stress. |
Osteons | Answer: Cylindrical structures comprised of compact bone tissue that surround the haversian canal |
Yellow marrow is located in? | Answer: Long adult bones in the Medullary cavity |
Spongy bone | Answer: Fewer osteons than compact bone, where red bone is formed. |
B-cells | Answer: Lymphocytes that make antibodies in response to antigens. |
Helper T cells | Answer: Secrete interlukens that trigger the action of other cells. |
Cytotoxin T cell | Answer: Attacks foreign cells, activated by interlukens |
Macrophage | Answer: Large white blood cells that ingest foreign materials |
Blastophil | Answer: Releases histamine |
Median/Sagittal/Midsagittal plane | Answer: Plane that passes through the middle of the body separating the left and right |
Parasagittal plane | Answer: A plane parallel to the Sagittal plane |
Transverse plane | Answer: Located at midsection, separates superior and inferior sections |
Coronal plane | Answer: Separates the anterior and posterior sections |
Ribosomes | Answer: Facilitate protein synthesis in the rough endoplasmic reticulum |
Emphysema | Answer: Increased residual volume due to decreased elasticity |
Immunoglobulin | Answer: Antibody |
Interferon | Answer: Protein secreted by leukocytes when they are infected with viruses |
Lutenizing hormone | Answer: Controls production of testosterone |
Gametes | Answer: Sperm |
Proximal convoluted tube | Answer: First locations where glucose and other substances are reabsorbed into the blood |
Glomerulus | Answer: Capillaries where blood pressure pushes water, salt, glucose, amino acids, and urea from the blood. |
Bowmans capsule | Answer: Cup shaped structure that surrounds and collects filtrate from the glomerulus |
Renal pelvis | Answer: center of the kidney where urine collects before moving to the ureter |
Mendel's law of segregation | Answer: His first law of inheritance, each gamete carries only one allele for each gene |
Amino acids | Answer: monomer of protein |
Nucleotides | Answer: The monomer of DNA, one type of nucleic acid |
Dependent variable | Answer: variable being measured in an experiment, effect |
Motor neurons | Answer: Carry efferent impulse- from the brain |