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Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Brain and Behavior Chapter 4: Neural Conduction & Synaptic Transmission Part 1

Brain and Behavior Chapter 4: Neural Conduction & Synaptic Transmission Part 1

Anatomy and Physiology25 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers essential concepts from Chapter 4 of Brain and Behavior, focusing on neural conduction and synaptic transmission. Learn about Parkinson's disease, membrane potentials, ion channels, and more.

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Reptilian stare is sometimes used to describe the widely opened, unblinking eyes and motionless face of

Parkinson’s disease
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Reptilian stare is sometimes used to describe the widely opened, unblinking eyes and motionless face of
Parkinson’s disease
Dopamine is not an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease because
Dopamine does not readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier
Parkinson’s disease is treated with
L-DOPA
A membrane potential is the difference in electrical charge between
The inside and outside of a cell
The tips of intracellular recording electrodes are A) About the size of a neuron B) Too small to be seen with the naked eye C) Less than one thousandth of a millimeter in diameter
Both B and C
At rest, A) a neuron has a membrane potential of about -70 mV B) the electrical charge outside the neuron is 70 mV less than inside the neuron C) a neuron is polarized
Both A and C
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Brain and Behavior Chapter 4: Neural Conduction & Synaptic Transmission Part 1
TermDefinition
Reptilian stare is sometimes used to describe the widely opened, unblinking eyes and motionless face of
Parkinson’s disease
Dopamine is not an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease because
Dopamine does not readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier
Parkinson’s disease is treated with
L-DOPA
A membrane potential is the difference in electrical charge between
The inside and outside of a cell
The tips of intracellular recording electrodes are A) About the size of a neuron B) Too small to be seen with the naked eye C) Less than one thousandth of a millimeter in diameter
Both B and C
At rest, A) a neuron has a membrane potential of about -70 mV B) the electrical charge outside the neuron is 70 mV less than inside the neuron C) a neuron is polarized
Both A and C
In its resting state, a neuron is said to be
Polarized
Salts in solution separate into positively and negatively charged
Ions
Outside the membranes of resting neurons, there are many more
Na+ ions
Na+ ions are encouraged to move into neurons by
Electrostatic pressure
Which of the following is a passive force that acts to encourage Na+ ions to enter resting neurons? A) random motion, which tends to move ions down their concentration gradients B) electrostatic pressure, which forces ions down their electrostatic gradients C) sodium-potassium pumps, which distribute Na+ and K+ ions equally
Both A and B
Ions pass through the neural membrane via specialized pores called
Ion channels
Na+ ions are continuously forced into neurons by A) their high internal concentration B) their high external concentration C) the negative resting potential
Both B and C
Sodium-potassium pumps maintain the resting membrane potential by transporting A) Na+ ions into neurons B) K+ ions into neurons C) Na+ ions out of neurons
Both B and C
According to the theory of Hodgkin and Huxley,
K+ ions continuously leak out of a resting neuron
Contributing to the unequal distribution of ions on either side of a resting neural membrane,
Are sodium-potassium pumps
Sodium-potassium pumps are
Transporters
EPSPs are A) graded responses B) postsynaptic responses C) transmitted decrementally D) depolarization
All of the above
A change in the resting potential of a postsynaptic dendrite from -70 mV to -72 mV is called
An IPSP
Hyperpolarization is to depolarization as
Inhibitory is to excitatory
IPSP is to EPSP as
Hyperpolarization is to depolarization
The transmission of postsynaptic potentials is A) active B) decremental C) extremely rapid
Both B and C
How far do most postsynaptic potentials travel before they die out?
No more than a couple of millimeters
Which of the following are membrane potentials? A) EPSPs B) IPSPs C) APs
All of the above
Action potentials originate at the
Axon initial segment, adjacent to the axon hillock