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Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Brain and Behavior Chapter 4: Neural Conduction & Synaptic Transmission Part 3

Brain and Behavior Chapter 4: Neural Conduction & Synaptic Transmission Part 3

Anatomy and Physiology25 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This flashcard deck covers key concepts from Chapter 4 of Brain and Behavior, focusing on neural conduction and synaptic transmission, including neurotransmitter storage, release, and receptor types.

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Neurotransmitter are often stored in

Synaptic vesicles

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Neurotransmitter are often stored in

Synaptic vesicles

Neurotransmitter molecules are often packaged in vesicles by
Golgi complexes
Neuropeptides are synthesized in the cell body on
Ribosomes
Peptide neurotransmitters (i.e., neuropeptides) are synthesized in the cell body and
Transported in vesicles along microtubules to the buttons
Vesicles travel from the cell body to the buttons A) on action potentials B) along microtubules C) at a rate of 40 centimetres per second D) at a rate of 40 centimetres per day
Both B and D
Neuropeptides are transported in vesicles from the cell body to the buttons at a speed of about
40 centimetres per day
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Brain and Behavior Chapter 4: Neural Conduction & Synaptic Transmission Part 3
TermDefinition

Neurotransmitter are often stored in

Synaptic vesicles

Neurotransmitter molecules are often packaged in vesicles by
Golgi complexes
Neuropeptides are synthesized in the cell body on
Ribosomes
Peptide neurotransmitters (i.e., neuropeptides) are synthesized in the cell body and
Transported in vesicles along microtubules to the buttons
Vesicles travel from the cell body to the buttons A) on action potentials B) along microtubules C) at a rate of 40 centimetres per second D) at a rate of 40 centimetres per day
Both B and D
Neuropeptides are transported in vesicles from the cell body to the buttons at a speed of about
40 centimetres per day
Many buttons contain two sizes of vesicles; the larger ones typically contain
Neuropeptides
Many neurons contain and release two neurotransmitters. This situation is called
Coexistence
The process of neurotransmitter release is referred to as
Exocytosis
The release of neurotransmitter molecules from buttons is often triggered by
An influx of calcium ions
Once released, neurotransmitter molecules typically produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by
Binding to postsynaptic receptors
A ligand of acetylcholine is a substance that
Binds to acetylcholine
Ionotropic receptors are linked to
Ligand-activated ion channels
Metabotropic receptors are linked to
Signal proteins and G proteins
When a small-molecule neurotransmitter molecules binds to an ionotropic receptor, the
Associated ion channel opens or closes
In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors A) are more prevalent B) produce longer lasting effects C) produce effects that are more diffuse D) produce effects that take longer to develop
All of the above
In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors generally produce
Longer lasting effects
In comparison to metabotropic receptors, ionotropic receptors produce effects that A) are less diffuse B) develop more rapidly C) are more enduring
Both A and B
Second messengers can A) be synthesized in response to activation of metabotropic receptors B) influence metabolic activities of the cell C) induce IPSPs or EPSPs D) bind to DNA to influence protein synthesis
All of the above
Second messengers are formed in the
Postsynaptic neuron
Autoreceptors are commonly found in
Presynaptic membranes
Autoreceptors of a neuron are sensitive to the neuron’s own
Neurotransmitter
Which of the following are thought to play a role in reducing excessive neurotransmitter release? A) dendritic receptors B) autoreceptors C) dendritic spines D) postsynaptic receptors E) somatic receptors
Autoreceptors
Which of the following is currently thought to be a valid general principle of synaptic transmission? A) each neuron releases only one neurotransmitter B) each neurotransmitter acts on only one receptor subtype C) all receptors are in postsynaptic membranes D) all neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft
None of the above
After release, most neurotransmitters are deactivated by
Reuptake