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Exam 1/2 Anatomy and Physiology: Physiology - Acid/Bases
This deck covers key concepts related to acid-base physiology, including definitions, normal ranges, and physiological responses to imbalances.
_____ receive hydrogen ions.
Bases
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
_____ receive hydrogen ions.
Bases
A solution increases in acidity as?
Hydrogen ions increase
A solution increases in alkalinity as?
Hydrogen ions decrease
What is the normal range for blood pH?
7.35 - 7.45
Hydrogen is neutralized and eliminated by?
Buffer systems; Lungs - breathing out CO2; Kidneys eliminating H+ with urine
Hydrogen and CO2 are both?
Acids
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
_____ receive hydrogen ions. | Bases |
A solution increases in acidity as? | Hydrogen ions increase |
A solution increases in alkalinity as? | Hydrogen ions decrease |
What is the normal range for blood pH? | 7.35 - 7.45 |
Hydrogen is neutralized and eliminated by? | Buffer systems; Lungs - breathing out CO2; Kidneys eliminating H+ with urine |
Hydrogen and CO2 are both? | Acids |
pH is? | Hydrogen ion concentration (potential of hydrogen) |
Strengths of acid or base changes by ___ times with each unit change of pH. | 10 |
Lower the number on pH scale, the more ____. | Acidic |
The higher the number on the pH scale, the more ________. | Base |
What is the treatment for jellyfish sting? | tomato, vinegar, beer |
What are the three buffer systems? | Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer; Protein buffering; Renal buffering |
⬇CO2+H20➡️⬇️H2CO3-➡️⬇️H+HCO3- is the formula for? | Respiratory Alkalosis |
⬇️H++HCO3-➡️⬇️H2CO3-➡️H20+⬇️CO2 is the formula for? | Metabolic alkalosis |
H2CO2 is? | Carbonic acid |
HCO3- is? | Bicarbonate |
Sodium bicarbonate is never given for? | Respiratory |
What kind of overdose is treated with sodium bicarbonate? | Tricyclic antidepressants |
What is the function of albumin in the buffer system? | Allows hydrogen to bond |
Normal blood PaO2 is? | 80-100 |
Normal blood PaCo2 is? | 35-45 torr |
Too little PaCO2 and normal PaO2/pH indicates? | Respiratory Alkalosis |
Too much PaCO2 and normal PaO2/pH results in? | Respiratory Acidosis |
Too high pH value and normal PaO2/PaCO2 results in? | Metabolic alkalosis |
Too low pH and normal PaCO2/PaO2 results in? | Metabolic acidosis |
Breathing too slow results in? | Respiratory acidosis |
What is the cause of metabolic acidosis? | Build up of lactic acid |
What is a common form of metabolic acidosis? | Diabetic ketoacidosis |
What is the causes for respiratory alkalosis? | Hyperventilation |
What is the cause of metabolic alkalosis? | Sodium bicarb/calcium carbonate overdose |
_ is a decrease in cell size. | Atrophy |
___ is an increase in size of cells. | Hypertrophy |
is an increase of number of cells. | Hyperplasia |
____ is change of cells to adapt. | Metaplasia |
____ is the abnormal changes in cell division. | Dysplasia |
_ release hydrogen ions. | Acids |