Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Histology - GI Development
Histology - GI Development
This deck covers key concepts in gastrointestinal development, including anatomical structures, developmental anomalies, and embryological origins.
Liver, Gall Blader, and ventral part of pancreas derived from
Ventral Bud
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Liver, Gall Blader, and ventral part of pancreas derived from
Ventral Bud
Omphalocele
no umbilical hernia reduction, mass may include foregut structures, high rate of mortality
RA high Caudally
RA Concentration Gradient
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Smooth muscle hypertrophy/hyperplasia
ilial diverticulum. ~2% of population, ~2 inches long, ~2 feet from ileocecal junction
2X2X2 rule
270 degree purpose
Places small intestin within loop of large intestine
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Liver, Gall Blader, and ventral part of pancreas derived from | Ventral Bud |
Omphalocele | no umbilical hernia reduction, mass may include foregut structures, high rate of mortality |
RA high Caudally | RA Concentration Gradient |
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis | Smooth muscle hypertrophy/hyperplasia |
ilial diverticulum. ~2% of population, ~2 inches long, ~2 feet from ileocecal junction | 2X2X2 rule |
270 degree purpose | Places small intestin within loop of large intestine |
not gut tube. From Visceral Mesoderm, intraperitoneal. | Spleen derivation |
Biliary duct atresia | Failure of duct to recanalize. Intrahepatic: generally fatal, Extrahepatic: often correctable |
Annular pancreas | Ventral bud encircles the duodenum. May constrict/occlude duodenum. |
Colorectoanal atresia | imperforate anus |
rectum & proximal anus | Anorectal canal |
Midgut developmental events | Week 5 - Week 12. Physiological umbilical herniation, 270 degree counterclockwise rotation, differential growth |
Pancrease source | Dorsal Pancreatic Bud |
prolifertation of epithelium that closes the lumen. Completes by week 5 | Occlusion |
SHH & HOX | Concentric layering of the gut tube |
Distal anus derived from | ectoderm, separated by pectinate line |
malrotation | Left-sided colon, reverse intestinal rotation |
90 CCW rotation only | Left-sided colon |
greater omentum | Dorsal mesogastrium - bloody supply |
Physiological umbilical herniation purpose | Accomodates expanding liver & gut tube |
Reversed intestinal rotation | 90 CCW, 180 CW - places large colonbehind duodenum. |
Jejunal, ileal stenoses/atresia | Ischemic necrosis, herniation, volvulus (twisting) |
Connects intestinal loop to yolk sac | Vitelline duct |
Growth induced reopening of the lumen - completes by week 9 | Recanalization |
hindgut fistulas | Rectoperineal fistula, Colovaginal (rectovaginal) fistula, Colovesical (urorectal) fistula |
falciform ligament & lesser omentum | Ventral mesogastrium - liver budding, ends at umbilicus |
RA & HOX | Cephalocaudal differentiation |
SHH High in Lumen | SHH Concentration Gradient |
Remnant of vitelline duct, generally asymptomatic, but may present like appendicitis. | ileal (Meckel’s) diverticulum |
Urorectal septum forms | dividing cloaca into anorectal canal and urogenital sinus. |
Esophageal, gastric, duodenal stenoses/atresias | Improper recanalization - epithelial issue |
hernia due to anterior body wall defect, mass not within umbilicus, lower mortality | Gastroschisis |