Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Histology - Integument-1 Part 1
Histology - Integument-1 Part 1
This deck covers key concepts related to the integumentary system, focusing on histological structures, functions, and development processes.
primarily axilla, anus, and external genitalia, associated with hair follicles, wide lumen, merocrine secretion, innervation is sympathetic adrenergic (NE)
apocrine sweat glands
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
primarily axilla, anus, and external genitalia, associated with hair follicles, wide lumen, merocrine secretion, innervation is sympathetic adrenergic (NE)
apocrine sweat glands
induces neural crest
intermediate concentration BMP4
contain filaggrin and other intermediate filament-associated proteins such as keratin filaments (tonofilaments). Help aggregate tonofilaments into tonofibrils
keratohyalin granules
melanin granule transport
via kinesin or dynein along microtubules, keratinocytes phagocytose melanocyte processes to take up melanin granules. Kensin in cytoplasmic extension,...
skin pigmentation related to…
rate of melanin degradation AND ratio of keratinocytes to melanocytes
antigen-presenting immune cells of the skin and mucosa, and contain large granules called Birbeck granules. They are present in all layers of the epidermis, but are most prominent in the stratum spinosum.
Langerhan’s cells - indented nucleus
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
primarily axilla, anus, and external genitalia, associated with hair follicles, wide lumen, merocrine secretion, innervation is sympathetic adrenergic (NE) | apocrine sweat glands |
induces neural crest | intermediate concentration BMP4 |
contain filaggrin and other intermediate filament-associated proteins such as keratin filaments (tonofilaments). Help aggregate tonofilaments into tonofibrils | keratohyalin granules |
melanin granule transport | via kinesin or dynein along microtubules, keratinocytes phagocytose melanocyte processes to take up melanin granules. Kensin in cytoplasmic extension, dynein in keratinocyte. |
skin pigmentation related to… | rate of melanin degradation AND ratio of keratinocytes to melanocytes |
antigen-presenting immune cells of the skin and mucosa, and contain large granules called Birbeck granules. They are present in all layers of the epidermis, but are most prominent in the stratum spinosum. | Langerhan’s cells - indented nucleus |
back dermis | paraxial mesoderm |
single cell layer, adjacent to basal lamina, cuboidal to low columnar cells, vitamin D production, stem cells (mitotically active), extensive cell junctions, desmosomes, hemidesmosomes. Life span of 2 months. | stratum basale (stratum germinativum) |
columnar shape, produce sweat, increased mitochondria and glycogen, adjacent to intercellular canaliculi | clear (C) cells |
darker than spinosum. one to three cell layers thick, squamous cells, retain nuclei, keratohyalin granules | stratum granulosum |
expression induces dermatome development | NT-3 |
epidermal germinative zone for nail | nail matrix |
dermis for limbs and body wall | lateral plate mesoderm |
layers of epidermis | stratum corneum (with deep stratum lucidum in thick skin), stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum (prickle cell layer), stratum basale (stratum germinativum) |
rapid proliferation shortens transit time from basal cell to desquamation time to about 7 days | psoriasis |
types of sweat glands | accrine and apocrine |
keratinocytes cell junctions | hemidesmosomes tether keratinocytes of stratum basale to basal lamina. Focal adhesion interacting with actin cells also tethering SB to BL. |
secretory product released into duct with cell debris after apoptosis | holocrine secretion - Example: sebaceous glands of integument |
cuticle | eponychium |
integument functions | protection, vitamin D production, immunologic function, sensation, thermoregulation |
Skin lines that become apparent with some diseases of the skin. The lines are believed to trace the migration of embryonic cells. | lines of Blaschko |
induces epidermis | high concentration BMP4 |
face and neck dermis | neural crest cells |
tactlile sensation, neural crest derived, | Merkel’s cells - located in stratum basale, abundant in fingertips, synapse with pseudounipolar neurons and tethered to keratinocytes by desmosomes. |
dermatome cells express | PAX3 |
noggin, chordin, and follistatin | expression by the notochord inhibits BMP4, which allows ectoderm to form neural plate |
are small, nipple-like extensions (or interdigitations) of the dermis into the epidermis. | dermal papillae |
from dermatome (dermis) drives differentiation. expressed in early embryonic phases in paraxial mesoderm, which it helps to demarcate. | PAX3 |
dense irregular connective tissue, less cellular, closely packed fiber bundles, thick collagen fibers (I), thick elastic fibers | reticular layer |
acne correlation | correlation between sebum amount and acne |