Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Histology - Integument-1 Part 2
Histology - Integument-1 Part 2
This deck covers key concepts related to the histology of the integumentary system, focusing on structures, functions, and processes within the skin and its associated components.
thick epidermis that secures free edge of nail
hyponychium
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
thick epidermis that secures free edge of nail
hyponychium
induces neural plate (CNS)
low concentration BMP4
secretory product released from apical end of cell into duct, takes with it some cytoplasm and plasma membrane.
apocrine secretion - Example - lactating mammary glands.
deep pressure, vibration
Pacinian corpuscle
keratinized cortex cells contain
hard keratin
epidermis epithelial type
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
thick epidermis that secures free edge of nail | hyponychium |
induces neural plate (CNS) | low concentration BMP4 |
secretory product released from apical end of cell into duct, takes with it some cytoplasm and plasma membrane. | apocrine secretion - Example - lactating mammary glands. |
deep pressure, vibration | Pacinian corpuscle |
keratinized cortex cells contain | hard keratin |
epidermis epithelial type | keratinized stratified squamous epithelium |
keratinocytes water barrier | formed by lamellar bodies |
a type of nerve ending in the skin that is responsible for sensitivity to touch. | Meissner’s corpuscle, Ruffini’s corpuscle, Merkel's Cell |
merocrine secretion, innervation is sympathetic cholinergic (ACh), sweat and antibacterial glycoprotein granules, narrow lumen in duct. | eccrine sweat glands |
internalize and degrade HIV-1, Langerin induces formation. | Birbeck granules |
induce ectoderm to form epidermis | BMP4 and FGF |
collagen and elastic fibers oriented in parallel lines | Langer’s lines - surgical incisions parallel to Langer’s lines heal faster |
free nerve ending | pain, temperature, tactile |
variable thickness of layer, squamous cells, anucleate, keratinized cells (soft keratin) | stratum corneum (with deep stratum lucidum in thick skin) |
no desmosomes, production of melanin granules, | melanocytes, neural crest derived. Migrate to stratum basale, PAX3 from dermatome (dermis) drives differentiation, melanin granules migrate out toward cytoplasmic extensions. |
keratinization | accumulation of keratohyalin granules (KG) as cells differentiate from BL to surface, highest concentration of KG in stratum granulosum. |
ABCD rule | Asymmetrical shape of lesion, Border of lesion is irregular, Color variations, Diameter greater than 6 mm. |
loose connective tissue, more cellular, lots of ground substance, loosely arranged fibers, thin collagen fibers (I, III), thin elastic fibers | papillary layer |
lipid product plus cell debris after apoptosis | sebum |
cytoplasmic protein structures made of keratinin that converge at desmosomes and hemidesmosomes. Also associated with desmosomes (macula adherens), anchoring them to the cytoskeleton. | tonofibrils |
8 layers of hair follicle | outer to inner: hair papilla, connective tissue, glassy membrane (basal lamina), external and internal root sheath, cuticle, cortex and medulla (innermost) |
desquamation (exfoliation) | a result of proteolytic degradation of desmosomes in a pH dependent manner |
pyramidal shape, antibacterial glycoprotein granules, increased RER and Golgi, adjacent to lumen | dark (D) cells |
A layer of the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale. Spiny (Latin, spinosum) appearance is due to shrinking of the microfilaments between desmosomal that occurs when stained with H&E. Keratinization beginshere. | stratum spinosum |
wound healing mechanism | stratum basale ramps up mitosis, migration of proliferating cells, exfoliation of dead keratinocytes frees scab, fibroblasts differentiate into myofibroblasts (directed by TGF-b1), myofibroblasts involved in wound closure |
branched acinar gland that uses holocrine secretino to secrete sebum. | sebaceous glands |
hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands | epidermal derivatives |
nodes of Bizzozero | desmosomes in the stratum spinosum of epidermis |
secretory product released from apical end of cell via exocytosis into duct. | merocrine secretion - example - sweat glands of integument. |
secrete (exocytosis) pro-barrier lipids, lipid processing enzymes, and proteases into intercellular space between stratum granulosum and stratum corneum | lamellar bodies |