Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Histology - Integument-1 Part 2

Histology - Integument-1 Part 2

Anatomy and Physiology30 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers key concepts related to the histology of the integumentary system, focusing on structures, functions, and processes within the skin and its associated components.

thick epidermis that secures free edge of nail

hyponychium
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
thick epidermis that secures free edge of nail
hyponychium
induces neural plate (CNS)
low concentration BMP4
secretory product released from apical end of cell into duct, takes with it some cytoplasm and plasma membrane.
apocrine secretion - Example - lactating mammary glands.
deep pressure, vibration
Pacinian corpuscle
keratinized cortex cells contain
hard keratin
epidermis epithelial type
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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TermDefinition
thick epidermis that secures free edge of nail
hyponychium
induces neural plate (CNS)
low concentration BMP4
secretory product released from apical end of cell into duct, takes with it some cytoplasm and plasma membrane.
apocrine secretion - Example - lactating mammary glands.
deep pressure, vibration
Pacinian corpuscle
keratinized cortex cells contain
hard keratin
epidermis epithelial type
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
keratinocytes water barrier
formed by lamellar bodies
a type of nerve ending in the skin that is responsible for sensitivity to touch.
Meissner’s corpuscle, Ruffini’s corpuscle, Merkel's Cell
merocrine secretion, innervation is sympathetic cholinergic (ACh), sweat and antibacterial glycoprotein granules, narrow lumen in duct.
eccrine sweat glands
internalize and degrade HIV-1, Langerin induces formation.
Birbeck granules
induce ectoderm to form epidermis
BMP4 and FGF
collagen and elastic fibers oriented in parallel lines
Langer’s lines - surgical incisions parallel to Langer’s lines heal faster
free nerve ending
pain, temperature, tactile
variable thickness of layer, squamous cells, anucleate, keratinized cells (soft keratin)
stratum corneum (with deep stratum lucidum in thick skin)
no desmosomes, production of melanin granules,
melanocytes, neural crest derived. Migrate to stratum basale, PAX3 from dermatome (dermis) drives differentiation, melanin granules migrate out toward cytoplasmic extensions.
keratinization
accumulation of keratohyalin granules (KG) as cells differentiate from BL to surface, highest concentration of KG in stratum granulosum.
ABCD rule
Asymmetrical shape of lesion, Border of lesion is irregular, Color variations, Diameter greater than 6 mm.
loose connective tissue, more cellular, lots of ground substance, loosely arranged fibers, thin collagen fibers (I, III), thin elastic fibers
papillary layer
lipid product plus cell debris after apoptosis
sebum
cytoplasmic protein structures made of keratinin that converge at desmosomes and hemidesmosomes. Also associated with desmosomes (macula adherens), anchoring them to the cytoskeleton.
tonofibrils
8 layers of hair follicle
outer to inner: hair papilla, connective tissue, glassy membrane (basal lamina), external and internal root sheath, cuticle, cortex and medulla (innermost)
desquamation (exfoliation)
a result of proteolytic degradation of desmosomes in a pH dependent manner
pyramidal shape, antibacterial glycoprotein granules, increased RER and Golgi, adjacent to lumen
dark (D) cells
A layer of the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale. Spiny (Latin, spinosum) appearance is due to shrinking of the microfilaments between desmosomal that occurs when stained with H&E. Keratinization beginshere.
stratum spinosum
wound healing mechanism
stratum basale ramps up mitosis, migration of proliferating cells, exfoliation of dead keratinocytes frees scab, fibroblasts differentiate into myofibroblasts (directed by TGF-b1), myofibroblasts involved in wound closure
branched acinar gland that uses holocrine secretino to secrete sebum.
sebaceous glands
hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands
epidermal derivatives
nodes of Bizzozero
desmosomes in the stratum spinosum of epidermis
secretory product released from apical end of cell via exocytosis into duct.
merocrine secretion - example - sweat glands of integument.
secrete (exocytosis) pro-barrier lipids, lipid processing enzymes, and proteases into intercellular space between stratum granulosum and stratum corneum
lamellar bodies