Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Histology Pre-Embryonic - Reverse Part 1
Histology Pre-Embryonic - Reverse Part 1
This deck covers key concepts in early embryonic development, focusing on the stages from cleavage to implantation and the formation of embryonic structures.
mitotic divisions that form cells called blastomeres
Cleavage
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
mitotic divisions that form cells called blastomeres
Cleavage
tighter blastomere intercellular adhesion forms morula, results in the formation of an inner and outer cell mass.
Compaction
uterine fluid pumped into morula forms blastocyst
Cavitation
blastocyst hatches from the zona pellucida
Hatching
blastocyst implants in endometrium of uterine wall
Implantation
Mitotic nondisjunction during cleavage, generally less severe; e.g., mosaic Down syndrome
mosaicism
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
mitotic divisions that form cells called blastomeres | Cleavage |
tighter blastomere intercellular adhesion forms morula, results in the formation of an inner and outer cell mass. | Compaction |
uterine fluid pumped into morula forms blastocyst | Cavitation |
blastocyst hatches from the zona pellucida | Hatching |
blastocyst implants in endometrium of uterine wall | Implantation |
Mitotic nondisjunction during cleavage, generally less severe; e.g., mosaic Down syndrome | mosaicism |
gives rise to the embryo (inner cell mass) | embryoblast |
gives rise to the fetal placenta (outer cell mass). cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast, vascular lacunae | trophoblast |
end with embryoblast | Embryonic pole |
end opposite embryoblast | Abembryonic pole |
blastocyst hatches from zona pellucida (ZP prevents implantation) | Hatching |
trophoblast at embryonic pole invades the endometrium on DAY 6 | Implantation |
1. Implantation completed: uteroplacental circulation is established 2. Bilaminar disc formed: embryoblast differentiates into 2-layered disc | Week 2: Events |
1. cytotrophoblast 2. syncytiotrophoblast (part of chorion) | trophoblast becomes: |
1. epiblast 2. hypoblast (form the fetus, amnion, and part of chorion) | Embryoblast becomes: |
mitotic cells that give rise to the syncytiotrophoblast. | Cytotrophoblast |
the epithelial covering of the highly vascular embryonic placental villi, which invades the wall of the uterus to establish nutrient circulation between the embryo and the mother. It forms the syncytium that erodes endometrium and its vessels. | Syncytiotrophoblast |
maternal blood | vascular lacunae |
nutrition from maternal blood 1. uteroplacental circulation 2. implantation bleeding | nutrition from uterine gland secretions give way to |
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) that maintains progesterone secretion in the ovaries to promote uterine blood flow that sustains embryonic and fetal growth. Linked to emesis gravidarum (morning sickness). | Syncytiotrophoblast secretes |
hCG serum level elevation at day 8 | Pregagncy test dectects |
implantation outside of the uterine body, most commonly in the unterine tube - “tubal pregnancy” - 95%+ of ectopic prenancies in uterine tube. | Ectopic pregnancy |
implantation over or near the cervical opening (internal os), usually presents late in pregnancy | Placenta previa |
trophoblast implants, but embryoblast is absent/incomplete. May produce a benign tumor called a hydatidiform mole. Elevated hCG secretion. | Molar pregnancy |
malignant tumor of the trophoblast. Elevated hCG secretion. | Choriocarcinoma |
one of the membranes that exist during pregnancy between the developing fetus and mother, formed by extraembryonic mesoderm and the two layers of trophoblast and surrounds the embryo and other membranes. Chorionic villi emerge from the chorion, invade the endometrium, and allow transfer of nutrients from maternal blood to fetal blood. | Chorion |
the inner layer of the trophoblast. It is interior to the syncytiotrophoblast and external to the wall of the blastocyst in a developing embryo. | cytotrophoblast |
embryoblast undergoes lamination to form two layers, hypoblast and epiblast | Bilaminar disc |
cells divide/migrate to line the blastocyst cavity. blastocyst cavity becomes the primary (primitive) yolk sac. | Hypoblast |
a tissue type derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. It lies above the hypoblast, and undergoes cavitation whereby the amniotic cavity (AC) is formed. It differentiates to form all three layers of the trilaminar germ disc (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) during gastrulation. | epiblast |