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HOSA: Med Term Cardiovascular Part 1

Anatomy and Physiology50 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key medical terminology related to the cardiovascular system, including definitions, descriptions, and related concepts.

define ENDARTERIAL

pertaining to interior/lining of artery or within artery
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
define ENDARTERIAL
pertaining to interior/lining of artery or within artery
define HEMATOPOIETIC
pertaining to formation of blood cells
hematopoietic is also called
hemopoietic
pericardium is also called
pericardial sac
epicardium is also called what
visceral pericardium
define P WAVE
stimulation/contraction of atria

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TermDefinition
define ENDARTERIAL
pertaining to interior/lining of artery or within artery
define HEMATOPOIETIC
pertaining to formation of blood cells
hematopoietic is also called
hemopoietic
pericardium is also called
pericardial sac
epicardium is also called what
visceral pericardium
define P WAVE
stimulation/contraction of atria
define QRS COMPLEX
stimulation/contraction of ventricles
define T WAVE
recovery/relaxation of ventricles
define SYSTOLIC PRESSURE
max pressure during ventricular systole
define DIASTOLIC PRESSURE
pressure during ventricular diastole
define PLASMA
fluid w/nutrients, hormones, waste made 92% H2O & 8% proteins
define SERUM
plasma fluid after blood cells & clotting proteins removed
define FIBRINOGEN & PROTHROMBIN
clotting proteins in plasma
describe NEUTROPHILS
most common WBC; phagocyte
describe BASOPHILS
least common WBC; allergens
describe EOSINOPHILS
migrating WBC; parasites & allergens
describe LYMPHOCYTES
made in red bone marrow, spleen, & lymph nodes; identify foreign substances & germs; make antibodies
describe MONOCYTES
made in red bone marrow, spleen, & lymph nodes; phagocytosis (immunity)
define RH FACTOR
presence/absence of Rh antigen
define BLOOD GASSES
gasses (O2, CO2, & Nitrogen) dissolved in liquid blood
what does LDL stand for
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/bad cholesterol
what does HDL stand for
high density lipoprotein cholesterol/good cholesterol
define HDL
carries unneeded cholesterol to liver for processing
define TRIGLYCERIDES
combo of fatty acids attached to glycerol & blood
define ATHEROMA
fatty deposit within wall of artery
define PALPITATION
pounding/racing heart
describe CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS
structural abnormalities from failed heart develop.; most common birth defect
describe CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
arteriostenosis --> reduced blood flow & O2 --> angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, death
coronary artery disease is also called
coronary heart disease or ischemic heart disease
angina is also called what
angina pectoris
define ANGINA
severe episodes of chest pain from poor blood flow to myocardium
define STABLE ANGINA
during exertion
define UNSTABLE ANGINA
happens anytime & precursor to MI
define MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
occlusion of at least 1 coronary artery from plaque
describe HEART FAILURE
heart weakened/damaged --> unable to pump --> congestion/fluid build up
describe CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
fluid congestion --> edema & pulmonary edema
cause: congestive heart failure
decreased blood flow from heart
s/s: congestive heart failure
weakness, breathlessness, abdominal discomfort, edema in lower extremeties
left-sided heart failure is also called
systolic/diastolic failure (depends on whether pumping or relaxing is affected)
define RIGHT-SIDED HEART FAILURE
generally from left-sided heart failure so unable to pump to body efficiently
s/s: right-sided heart failure
edema in feet, legs, liver, GI, & arms
define CARDIOMEGALY
enlargement of heart associated w/heart failure to compensate for decreased pumping
infective endocarditis is also called
bacterial endocarditis
define INFECTION ENDOCARDITIS
inflammation of lining/valves of heart from bacteria in blood
define MYOCARDITIS
rare complication of viral infection
describe PERICARDITIS
inflammation --> accumulation of fluid in pericardial sac restricts movement & decreases pumping
define CARDIOMYOPATHY
all diseases of heart muscle
define HEART MURMUR
blowing/clicking/whoosh from heart/ near vessels when valves don't completely close
define MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE
protrusion of heart valve so valve can't close completely
define VALVULAR STENOSIS
narrowing/stiffening/thickening/blockage of at least 1 valve